Ama-boiler we-Biomass nokuphikisana kwebhalansi ye-CO2

Kokuthunyelwe kwangaphambilini sikhulume ngakho amandla we-biomass . Kusuka kulokho eliyikho, ukuthi kusebenza kanjani nokuthi kuvela kuphi kuzinzuzo nezinkinga zalo. Ngikhulume okuncane ngama-biomass boilers, kepha angizange ngingene emininingwaneni ngoba ngifuna ukukuveza lapha ngokuningiliziwe.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizokhuluma ngakho ama-boilers we-biomass ahlukile kanye nokuphikisana kwebhalansi ye-CO2 ekhona ngamandla e-biomass.

Ayini ama-biomass boilers?

Ama-boiler we-biomass asetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla we-biomass kanye ne- isizukulwane sokushisa emakhaya nasezakhiweni. Basebenzisa izinto zokubasa zemvelo ezifana namapeleti ezinkuni, imigodi yeminqumo, izinsalela zehlathi, amagobolondo ezithelo omisiwe, njll. Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukufudumeza amanzi emakhaya nasezakhiweni.

Ukusebenza kuyefana nokwanoma iyiphi enye i-boiler. Lezi boilers bashisa uphethiloli bese benza ilangabi enezingqimba engena esifundeni samanzi nesishintshisi sokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela ithole amanzi ashisayo ohlelo. Ukwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwe-boiler nezinsizakusebenza eziphilayo njengamafutha, kungafakwa i-accumulator egcina ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngendlela efanayo nokuthi ama-solar panel enza kanjani.

Ukuze ugcine udoti wemvelo ozosetshenziswa njengophethiloli, ama-boilers adinga isitsha esizogcinwa. Kusuka kuleso sitsha, kusetshenziswa isikulufa esingapheli noma sokudonsa, kuyisa kubhayela, lapho kwenzeka khona umlilo. Lo mlilo uvutha umlotha okufanele uthululwe izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka bese unqwabelana esitsheni somlotha.

Izinhlobo zama-biomass boilers

Lapho sikhetha ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwama-boilers we-biomass esizothenga futhi siwasebenzise, ​​kufanele sihlaziye uhlelo lokugcina kanye nohlelo lokuthutha nokuphatha. Amanye ama-boilers vumela ukushisa ngaphezu kohlobo olulodwa lukaphethiloli, kanti ezinye (ezinjenge-pellet boilers) Bavumela kuphela uhlobo olulodwa lukaphethiloli ukuthi lushe.

Amabilisi avumela ukushisa uphethiloli ongaphezu koyedwa adinga umthamo omkhulu wokugcina ngoba makhulu futhi anamandla amakhulu. Lezi zivame ukuhloselwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola ama-boilers ama-pellet avame kakhulu emandleni aphakathi nendawo futhi asetshenziselwa ukufudumeza namanzi ashisayo ahlanzekile ngama-accumulator emakhaya afinyelela ku-500 m2.

Kukhona amanye ama-boiler we-biomass asebenza nge ukusebenza kahle okusondele ku-105% okusho ukonga uphethiloli we-12%. Kumele futhi sinake ukuthi ukwakheka kwama-boilers kuncike kakhulu kumswakama kaphethiloli esifuna ukuwusebenzisa.

• Amabilisi wamandla okubasa. Lawa ma-boilers ane-inertia ephansi eshisayo futhi imvamisa alungiselelwe ukugcina ilangabi elikhulu. Ngaphakathi kwamazinga okushisa abilayo kakhulu angafinyelelwa ukuthi ayakwazi ukugcizelela i-slag.
• Amabilisi wamandla okubasa. Le boiler, ngokungafani neyangaphambilini, ine-inertia enkulu yokushisa ekwazi ukushisa uphethiloli omanzi. Umklamo webhayela kufanele uvumele uphethiloli ukuba wome ngokwanele ukuze i-gasification ne-oxidation kuqedele futhi kungakhiqizwa intuthu emnyama.

Ama-pellet boilers-imigodi yeminqumo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-boilers we-biomass asebenzisa ama-pellets njengophethiloli. Phakathi kwazo zonke sithola:

Modular pellet biomass kubhayela

Isetshenziselwa ukufaka ngamandla phakathi kuka-91kW no-132kW futhi lawo asebenzisa amaphilisi kaphayini njengophethiloli. Le boiler modular ilungiselelwe ukusebenza kwe-cascade. Kubandakanya ithangi eligcinwayo, isiguquli se-ashtray kanye nesistimu yokudonsa yokuthuthwa kwamaphilisi. Iphinde ikhiqize ukonga okukhulu ngoba ikwazi ukwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokwehlisa izinga lokushisa lamagesi omlilo. Thola imbuyiselo efinyelela kuma-95%. Ibuye ibe nohlelo lokuhlanza oluzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele. Ineqoqo lama-turbulators okuthi, ngaphezu kokugcina ukudlula komusi, ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza, banesibopho sokuhlanza izinsalela zomlotha ezindaweni zomusi.

Isishisi sinohlelo lokuhlanza umlotha oluzenzakalelayo. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba womlilo we-burner inesistimu yokuhlanza enakekela ngokuthumela umlotha owenziwe ngesikhathi somlilo ku-ashtray. Ukuhlanza kwenziwa ngisho nokusebenza kokushisa, okwenza ukuthi kungashintshi ukunethezeka kokufakwa futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwebhayela.

Izinkuni zokubilisa

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola ama-biomass boilers anophethiloli oyizinkuni zokubasa. Phakathi kwabo sithola:

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-boiler boiler

Lawa ngamabilisi abuyisela emuva amalangabi ezinkuni zokubasa. Imvamisa zinebanga yamandla amathathu aphakathi kwama-20, 30 nama-40 kW.

Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwe-boiler yilezi:

• Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okuphezulu okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli. Ukusebenza kahle okutholakele kungama-92%, okudlula ama-80% adingwa yimithetho yokufaka.
• Ukushaja ukuzimela kuze kube ngamahora ayisikhombisa.
• Ilungisa amandla akhiqizwe ekubongweni kwesidingo ngohlelo lwayo lokushintshashintsha kwe-elektroniki.
• Ihlanganisa uhlelo lokuphepha ngokumelene nokushisa ngokweqile.

Izinzuzo zokuba ne-boiler ye-biomass

Inzuzo yokuqala ephawuleka kakhulu impela intengo ye-biomass. Imvamisa, intengo yayo izinzile kakhulu ngoba ayincikile ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke njengoba kwenza uphethiloli. Siphinde sisho ukuthi ingamandla ashibhile impela ngoba akhiqizwa ngemithombo yendawo ngakho-ke ayinazo izindleko zokuhamba. Ukuba nenzuzo enkulu nokuncintisana, kunikeza umsebenzisi induduzo yezomnotho.

Inzuzo yesibili ephawulekayo ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuphephile futhi obuthuthukile. Lokho wukuthi, ukugcinwa kwayo kulula futhi ukusebenza kwayo kahle kuphezulu. I-pellet inguphethiloli wemvelo okuthi, ngenxa yenani layo eliphakeme lekhalori, lenze, ngendlela evuselelekayo futhi enenzuzo, inikeza i-boiler isivuno esiseduze nama-90%.

Ekugcineni, inzuzo ecace bha ukuthi isebenzisa amandla ahlanzekile futhi angapheli njengoba evuseleleka. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwayo ikhipha i-CO2 ngoba ishisa uphethiloli, kepha le CO2 ayithathi hlangothi ngoba ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo nentuthuko, impahla eluhlaza iye yamunca i-CO2 ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis. Lokhu namhlanje kuyisikhungo sempikiswano ekusetshenzisweni nasekungcoleni kwamandla we-biomass esizobona ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinethuba lokuthi ngokukhipha i-biomass yehlathi kuyasiza ukuhlanza izintaba nokuvikela imililo.

Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi i-biomass ingumthombo wokuqashwa ezindaweni ezisemakhaya nokuthi ihlonipha ukunakekela imvelo.

Okubi ngamabilisi we-biomass

Ama-boilers we-Biomass anakho inani eliphansi lekhalori uma siyiqhathanisa nophethiloli wefosili. Ama-pellet anesiqingatha samandla we-diesel. Ngakho-ke, sizodinga uphethiloli kabili ukuze sibe namandla afanayo nawodizili.

Ngoba amafutha afana nama-pellets aphansi ngobuningi, isikhala esikhulu siyadingeka ukugcina. Imvamisa, ama-boilers adinga isilo ukugcina uphethiloli eduze.

Ukuphikisana kwebhalansi ye-CO2 kumandla we-biomass

Njengoba sazi, ukuze sisebenzise amandla e-biomass, kufanele sishise uphethiloli. Ngesikhathi sokushisa kukaphethiloli, sikhipha i-CO2 emkhathini. Ngakho-ke i-biomass energy ihluke kanjani kumandla okubasa?

Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuthuthuka kwempahla eluhlaza esiyisebenzisela ukushisa, izitshalo, ukusika izihlahla, izinsalela zezolimo, njll. Zikhona ukumunca i-CO2 emkhathini nge-photosynthesis. Lokhu kwenza ibhalansi ye-CO2 yamandla we-biomass ibhekwe njengengathathi hlangothi. Lokho wukuthi, inani le-CO2 esilikhiphela emkhathini ngokushisa izibaseli zemvelo selivele lamunca izitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula kwazo, ngakho-ke kungashiwo ukuthi ukukhishwa okuphelele emkhathini akulutho.

Kodwa-ke, kubonakala sengathi lokhu akunjalo ngokuphelele. Ngokungafani nezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, i-CO2 ikhishwa ngokushisa uphethiloli we-biomass, livela kukhabhoni elalisuswe ngaphambili kumjikelezo ofanayo wezinto eziphilayo. Ngakho-ke, aziguquli ibhalansi ye-CO2 emkhathini futhi azikhulisi umphumela wokushisa.

Ekushiseni kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lukaphethiloli, izinto eziningi zomkhiqizo womlilo zingakhiwa, phakathi kwazo i-nitrogen (N2), i-carbon dioxide (CO2), umusi wamanzi (i-H2O), i-oxygen (i-O2 engasetshenziswanga emlilweni), i-carbon monoxide (CO ), i-nitrogen oxides (NOx), i-sulfur dioxide (SO2), engashiswanga (uphethiloli ongashiswanga), umusi nezinhlayiya eziqinile. Kodwa-ke, ekushiseni i-biomass, kutholakala kuphela i-CO2 namanzi.

Kwenzekani-ke ngale mali esele i-CO2? Ngempela, i-CO2 ikhiqizwa njengomphumela womlilo we-biomass, kepha lokhu kubhekwa njengebhalansi engu-zero ngoba kuthiwa ukushisa kwe-biomass akunikeli ekwandeni komphumela wokushisa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-CO2 ekhishwayo iyingxenye yomkhathi wamanje (yi-CO2 izitshalo nezihlahla eziqhubeka zimunce futhi zikhulule ukukhula kwazo) futhi akuyona i-CO2 ethathwe kumhlabathi ongaphansi ngaphezulu kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka futhi ikhishwe endaweni emfushane yesikhathi njengamandla okubasa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi we-biomass konga kakhulu ekuthuthweni kukaphethiloli, nakho okukhipha inani elingaphezulu le-CO2 emkhathini futhi kuguqule ibhalansi yemvelo.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ngemuva kwalokhu okuthunyelwe okubili ku-biomass, okungumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo, okuthi noma kungaziwa kangako, kufake isandla ekwenzeni ngcono ukunakekelwa kwemvelo futhi kuyindlela yamandla yesikhathi esizayo.