Inani eliphelele lelo abatshalizimali bangaphandle funa iSpain ezinkantolo zase ukulamula okufana ne-ICSID ngenxa yokusikeka ku- ivuseleleke, ifaka inani eliphelele lama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-7.566, yize le mali kungenzeka inyuke kakhulu, ngoba kunamacala ahlukahlukene avuliwe ezikhwameni ezahlukahlukene zokutshala imali engakawumangaleli umbuso waseSpain.
Lokho kube yimpendulo ye UMnyango Wezamandla, Ezokuvakasha kanye ne-Ajenda Yezobuchwepheshe kumaphini amaningana kusuka Ubunye singakwazi, owayecele kuHulumeni imibiko yeHhovisi Labameli Bombuso ngecala elibhekene neSpain ngenxa yokuncishiswa komholo okwakuvunyelwene ngawo.
Azikho izibalo zokugcina
UMnyango oqondisayo U-Alvaro Nadal Kuchaza ukuthi ayikho imibiko evela kuMmeli Wombuso echaza imininingwane ephelele yalezi zimangalo, yize ifaka uhlu lwamacala afinyelela ku-34, namanye amabili asalinde ukufaka icala.
Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu icala elifakwe yinhlangano Abatshalizimali be-PV phambi kweKhomishini Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yezomthetho Wezohwebo Wamazwe Ngamazwe (UNCITRAL), okuyimali eyizigidi ezingama-1.900 zama-euro.
Esinqumweni sayo, umnyango ubandakanya nemiklomelo emibili esivele ixazululiwe: owodwa, lowo ka-Eiser ngaphambi kwe-ICSID, okumele iSpain iwukhokhele 128 million euro (amazwe omhlaba abanga izigidi ezingama-298), kanti enye, leyo ye I-isolux, eyayifuna ama-euro angama-78.868, futhi ekugcineni yawinwa yiSpain.
Ngokufanayo, isidingo sama-euro ayizigidi eziyisithupha ze- Ukuphathwa kweSolarpark, eyayigxeke iSpain ngaphambi kwe-Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce (SCC).
Amacala amacala nokusikwa
Kusukela icala lokuqala, elafakwa eminyakeni eyi-6 eyedlule, ngokumelene nokuguqulwa komkhakha okwenziwa nguhulumeni kaZapatero kuze kube namuhla, sekuxazululwe kuphela ukuxazulula ezintathu. Ababili ku I-Stockholmevumayo ezweni lethu, futhi eyodwa ku-ICSID, yakamuva kakhulu futhi enjalo njengoba kuphawuliwe kuleli khasi lewebhu, esivuna isikhwama sokutshala imali se-Eiser
I-ICSID yalahla iSpain ngoMeyi odlule inhlawulo eyizigidi ezingama-128 zamaRandi, kanye nenzalo, ngomonakalo odalwe yizimali ezikhokhwayo izitshalo zalo ezintathu ezishisayo zelanga eseningizimu yeSpain.
Ukusikeka okuningi ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo
UMiguel Ángel Martínez-Aroca, umongameli we-Anpier (I-National Association of Photovoltaic Energy Producers), iqinisekisa ukuthi kunemiqondo emibili ebalulekile ehlukanisa imiklomelo emibili yeNkantolo yaseStockholm kuleyo ye-ICSID. “Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amacala aseStockholm abhekisele ekuguqulweni komkhakha ovunyelwe uhulumeni wobusoshiyali kaRodríguez Zapatero kanye ne-ICSID enguqulweni yakamuva ye-PP.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uhulumeni kaZapatero unxephezele ukusikwa kweminyaka emithathu ngeminye iminyaka emihlanu egcina umholo, okungukuthi, isinxephezelo kwakuphakeme kunokusikeka. Kodwa-ke, uHulumeni waseRajoy akazange abeke noma yisiphi isinxephezelo ngokusikeka kwakhe okuphezulu kakhulu.
UMnu Martínez uyanezela ukuthi, Umbango ovuselelekayo ubeke iSpain njengelinye lamazwe amathathu emhlabeni enamacala amaningi afakwe kuwo. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, uMbuso kungadingeka ubhekane nesinxephezelo esingangeza ezigidini ezingama-7.000 uma konke ukulamula kuvumelana nabatshalizimali. «Lokhu kuzoshiya izwe lethu liphethe i- uxolo isithombe".
Ngokwakhe, uNgqongqoshe Wezamandla, Ezokuvakasha kanye ne-Digital Agenda, u-vlvaro Nadal, usephumele obala wathi lezi zinxephezelo abamkhathazi kakhulu, ngoba zizohlala ziphansi kunokonga okwenziwe ukuguqulwa komkhakha kagesi.
Ngemuva kokulamula kwe-ICSID okulahla umbuso waseSpain ngenhlawulo yezigidi eziyi-128, uHulumeni ugunyaze umthetho okuzosetshenziswa ngawo insalela yohlelo lukagesi ukukhokha kakhulu lokho kuhle njengezinye ezizayo.
Lesi sinqumo asithandwanga nhlobo emkhakheni, ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi nambili isilele, uhlelo beluthole kusukela ngo-2014 insalela ebalelwa ezigidini eziyi-1.130 kwaze kwaba ngu-2016. Ngokwezinhlangano ezimbalwa, «Kusebentisa insalela yemkhakha kukhokha isinxephezelo sokusikwa kwabatshali bezimali bamazwe ngamazwe kuyadabukisa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kule mpi kukhona impikiswano enkulu abatshalizimali baseSpain abangakwazi ukuthola okwamanje ukutshalwa kwezimali okwenziwe ezitshalweni ezivuselelekayo ngoba iNkantolo Yomthethosisekelo kanye neNkantolo Ephakeme isizathu kuhulumeniNgenkathi abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe kulezi zitshalo ezifanayo bengathola isinxephezelo ngenxa yokulamula kwamazwe (okungasetshenziswa kuphela ngamabhizinisi angaphandle).
Ombudsman ukutakula
Lesi simo sigxekwe yiqembu lalabo abathintekayo phambi kuka-Ombudsman, owancoma ukuthi uHulumeni "asebenzise izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze abatshalizimali baseSpain emandleni ka-photovoltaic ababone ukunqunyelwa komholo wabo bangatholi ukuphathwa kabi kunabatshalizimali abavela emazweni asayinayo Isivumelwano Somqulu Wezamandla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele isungule izindlela ezibonakala zilula ukunxephezela umhlatshelo wobunye oshiwo ngoshintsho lomholo kubasebenzi. Abatshalizimali baseSpain".
UCiadi
Mayelana nokulamula kwamazwe ngamazwe, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izinqubo ezihamba kancane kakhulu nokuthi izinqumo zabo zingezokugcina. Odabeni lwe-ICSID, amacala angama-27 kwangu-28 asevele eqoke inkantolo ehambisanayo, yakhiwa ngumongameli kanye nonompempe ababili, eyodwa ekhethwe iqembu ngalinye. Bobathathu bavela emazweni ahlukene futhi angafani. Izindleko zokubuyisana kwakamuva kwe-ICSID, ezanikeza isizathu iBritish Eiser, zaba cishe ama-euro ayizi-900.000, lapho ezingama-255.000 zazilingana nomongameli wenkantolo, i-American John Crook, ama-euro ayi-163.000 kumlamuli waseBulgaria u-Alexandrov, owavikela ummangali, kwathi u-114.000 waya kuNew Zealander McLachlan, owavikela izintshisekelo zoMbuso WaseSpain.