I-China iqashe amalahle njengophethiloli ezimbonini zayo eziningi. Ngumthengi ohamba phambili emhlabeni wamalahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho kanye nokuthuthuka kwayo ezimakethe kuyahlaba umxhwele. Ukuncintisana kweChina kunjengoba kungathiwa kunjalo umnotho ohamba phambili emhlabeni.
Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke into intuthuko kanye nethemba. Ukusetshenziswa okuphindiwe kwamalahle kwenza ukungcoliswa komkhathi eChina kuphakeme kakhulu. Kufinyelela kumanani anjalo adlulwa ngumthetho wokuthi izakhamizi kumele zigqoke imaski ukuze zikwazi ukuphuma zingaphefumuli umoya onobuthi. Kule mpelasonto ukungcoliswa kube kukhulu kakhulu kangangokuba babonile aphoqeleke ukuvala isikhumulo sezindiza iTianjin nemigwaqo emikhulu amahora ambalwa kwaleli dolobha ukugwema izingozi ezingaba khona.
Kungani kungcoliswa okungaka?
Ukungcoliswa komoya kuthinta amadolobha ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka okuthile kwesimo sezulu njenge inani lelanga elishaya ngaphezulu, umbuso womoya, izimvula, njll. Ngokuvamile, indawo yomhlaba ifudumele kunomoya ojikeleza phezulu. Yingakho umoya oshisayo, njengoba ungaminyene kakhulu, uvame ukukhuphuka. Ngezinsuku lapho amazinga okushisa ephezulu phezulu futhi engaphansi, ukuphakama okungcolisayo kuyenyuka futhi akubhajwanga edolobheni, ngakho-ke into engeyona ingozi empilweni.
Esinye isimo esizithola sisemadolobheni yizinsuku ezinomoya. Uma beqhumisa umoya ovunguzayo ukusiza ukusabalalisa ukungcola, iChina izokwazi ukuphefumula umoya ongcolisa kakhulu. Manje kwenzekeni kule mpelasonto ukwenza ukungcola kuphakame kangaka? Yebo, lapho kunezinsuku ezinamafu, izinsuku lapho ilanga lingathinti khona kancane umhlaba noma izinsuku lapho umehluko wamazinga okushisa emini udlulele, lo mkhuba ubizwa ngokuthi inversion ezishisayo. Okungukuthi, umoya oshisayo ovela phezulu usukhuphuke ngokushesha okukhulu noma nje awusondele ebusweni bomhlaba ngakho-ke umoya ubanda. Lezo zinsuku lapho umoya obandayo ubusa khona ngaphezulu kwamadolobha, ngokuba denser, awuphumi futhi udale indawo ukuzinza komkhathi lapho ukungcola kubanjwa khona. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, ukungcola eChina kuphakeme ngoba ngisho ngenxa yemvula noma ukungcoliswa komoya sekuhlakazekile.
Izinyathelo zokulwa nokungcola
IBeijing, iTianjin namanye amadolobha angamashumi amabili ase- Isexwayiso esibomvu (isexwayiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokungcola) ngenxa yenani eliphezulu lezinhlayiya ezingcolisayo emvelweni ezingaphefumulelwa izakhamizi. Kulindeleke ukuthi kuze kube uLwesithathu ukungcola kunganciphi, ngakho-ke bavaliwe izinkulungwane zamafektri, imisebenzi, nemikhawulo yezimoto seziqalisiwe futhi amakilasi amisiwe ezikoleni zamabanga aphansi.
Okwamanje, iTianjin yidolobha elithinteke kakhulu ngentuthu. Le ntuthu ebangelwe ukungcola inciphisa ukubonakala kangangokuthi izikhumulo zezindiza ziye zaphoqeleka ukuba zivalwe. Ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwesikhumulo sezindiza bakhanselwa cishe izindiza eziyi-131.
Imikhawulo yokungcola ngokwe-WHO
I-World Health Organisation (i-WHO) ayeluleki ngokuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24 isengozini yokuxakaniseka amakhulu kunama-micrograms angama-25 ngemitha engama-cubic ezinhlayiya ezingcolisayo zosayizi wamamilimitha ayi-2,5 (ebizwa nge-PM2,5) njengoba benobubanzi obuncane kangaka bayakwazi ukufinyelela ku-alveoli yamaphaphu futhi bakhiqize izinkinga zokuphefumula nezenhliziyo.
Kodwa-ke, kule mpelasonto umkhawulo ovunyelwe yi-WHO weqiwe, weqa owe- Izinhlayiya eziyinkulungwane nge-cubic meter La mazinga okungcoliswa aphakeme kakhulu kangangokuba ancoma ukuthi ungaphumi ngisho nasendlini futhi uvale yonke iminyango namawindi.
Ake ucabange ukuthi uhlala edolobheni lapho ukungcola kuphakeme kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi nokushiya ikhaya lakho. Kungakho-ke ukungcola komkhathi okudala umonakalo omkhulu kubantu naseplanethi kumele kwehliswe.
Ngokusho kwendatshana yakhe, akucaci ukuthi umkhawulo wama-micrograms angama-25 nge-cubic meter ngamunye weqiwe kangakanani. Kufanele kube kuningi futhi ngicabanga ukuthi kungaphezulu kakhulu kwezinhlayiya eziyi-1000 ngemitha ngalinye elilodwa. Le ngenye iyunithi kunama-micrograms! Kepha abasho ukuthi kudlulwe malini kumkhawulo wama-micrograms angama-25 ngemitha ngalinye elilodwa ...? Ngicabanga ukuthi kuzoba ama-micrograms ayi-1000 nge-cubic meter hhayi izinhlayiya eziyi-1000!