Ukufeza inhloso enkulu yeSivumelwano SaseParis sokunganyusi kwamazinga okushisa emhlabeni jikelele ngaphezu kwamadigri amabili, kuyadingeka thatha okuningi kwe-CO2 ekhishwa izitshalo ezishisa izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi ukuze zenze amandla.
Inhloso ukuzinzisa iplanethi futhi kufanele singanikeli nje kuphela ngokunciphisa ukungcola, kepha nangokubabamba nokubakhipha kumjikelezo wekhabhoni. Ngabe uhlose ukuthatha kanjani i-CO2?
Thatha i-CO2 no-Edward Rubin
U-Edward rubin Ungomunye wochwepheshe abahamba phambili ekubanjweni kwe-CO2. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe ubezinikele kakhulu ekucwaningeni ukuthunjwa, ukuthuthwa kanye nokugcinwa kwe-CO2 ekhishwe yizikhungo zamandla kagesi ezishisayo ezivela eCarnegie Mellon University (USA). Ngenxa yolwazi olunzulu, ubelokhu ehola lo mkhakha wocwaningo kuyo yonke imibiko ekhishwe yi-IPCC.
URubin ucabanga ukuthi iningi lamamodeli wesimo sezulu alingisa izimo zesikhathi esizayo zeplanethi yethu awacabangi ngokuncipha okusheshayo kokukhishwa, njengalokho amazwe ahlongoze ukukwenza Isivumelwano saseParis, ngaphandle kokubanjwa kanye nokugcinwa komhlaba kwe-CO2.
Akunakwenzeka ukunciphisa ukukhishwa ngokushesha njengoba amandla okushintshela kokuvuselelwa eqhubeka. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthwebula i-CO2 ekhishiwe.
Isixazululo sokukhishwa kwegesi
Njengoba kungelula kangako ukuyeka ukusebenzisa amalahle ne-oyela, futhi izinto ezivuseleleka kakhulu ezifana nomoya nelanga zikhula ngokushesha kepha ngokwanele, akunakwenzeka ukufeza ukwehla okungu-2% kwe-CO80 maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka ngaphandle kokuthi i-CO2 ithathwe emkhathini.
"Siphila ezweni elijwayele ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, lapho kunzima kakhulu ukususa umphakathi kubo yize kunzima ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu," kusho uRubin.
Ulwazi lwesayensi mayelana ne-CO2 nomjikelezo wayo wempilo seluthuthuke ngokwanele ukuthuthukisa nokwenza amasu okusiza ukubamba, ukuhambisa nokugcina i-CO2. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho inani elikhulu le-CO2 elikhona emkhathini njengamanje lingehliswa. Kuyadingeka, ukuze lezi zinhlelo ziqale ukusebenza, ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali ekubanjweni kwe-CO2 kulawulwa ngemithethonqubo.
"Eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule ezinye izimali zenziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba izinkampani bezicabanga ukuthi zizodinga imizamo efanelekile ukugwema ukungcolisa, kepha kwathi nje lapho ithemba lezinyathelo eziqinile zepolitiki kulolu daba seliphelile, bayeka ukutshala imali", uyacacisa .
Phakathi kokutshalwa kwemali okwenziwe, ezinye zazo zabulawa eSpain. I-European Commission inikeze ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-180 kuphrojekthi yokubamba nokugcina i-CO2 eCompostilla, isitshalo se-Endesa esiseCubillos de Sil (León), esaphazanyiswa ngo-2013, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokwehla kwamanani entengo yamalungelo okuphuma e-EU.
Isidingo somthetho
URubin uqinisekisa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi kubekwe imithethonqubo ebambe iqhaza ekuqondisweni kwezimakethe kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ukuze kusebenze ukuthunjwa kwe-CO2. Isibonelo, lapho kuphuma umthetho olawula ukusakazwa kwezimoto ezikhipha amagesi amaningi, Ama-catalysts afakiwe ukunciphisa i-CO2 ekhishwa.
Njengoba kunebhizinisi elenzelwa ukukhiqizwa kukagesi, kunzima ukubheja kokuthengiswayo okuhlangabezana nalesi sidingo esikhulayo ngamandla avuselelekayo. Futhi ngeke ubone ukwehla kokukhishwa ngaphandle kokuba kube nomthethonqubo ngemuva kwakho.
Ukuthwalwa kwe-CO2 kwehlukile emandleni avuselelekayo ngoba ayikwazi nje kuphela ukukhiqiza ugesi, kodwa futhi iyawasebenzisa. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwesizathu sokubamba i-CO2 ukujezisela i- Umthetho wokukhishwa kwe-CO2 ongenakho ukuthwebula okuhambisanayo.
URubin uqinisekisa ukuthi ukube bekunjalo, asikho isithiyo sesayensi noma sobuchwepheshe esingavimba ukubanjwa kwe-CO2 emhlabeni wonke.
Inkinga enkulu, ngenkathi ingxenye yomhlaba yazi ngokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, i-United States, noDonald Trump phambili, isuka ezivumelwaneni zamazwe omhlaba mayelana nokulawulwa kokukhishwa, amazwe athuthukile futhi asathuthuka awanabo ubuchwepheshe obudingekayo bokulawula ukukhishwa okuphumelelayo , amazwe athuthukile athenga izilinganiso zokuphuma kwamazwe ampofu, ngoba ngaphezu kwakho konke anqunyelwe ukuthi aphile, ngakho-ke yini okufanele ayenze? sizoya kuphi kulo mjaho osangene?