Amandla avuselelekayo asezinhlelweni eziningi zosopolitiki. Ukukhathazeka ngemvelo kukhule ezikhathini zamuva phakathi kwabantu bomhlaba, Kepha ochwepheshe banethemba: ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ahlanzekile kuzokwanda eminyakeni ezayo (Ikakhulukazi kungamazwe afana neChina neNdiya).
I-International Energy Agency (IEA) ibona ukuthi amandla avuselelekayo azoqhubeka ukuba ngumthombo okhula ngesivinini esikhulu wokuphehla ugesi eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, kusuka ekumeleleni ama-23% esizukulwane ngo-2015 kuya ku-a 28% ngo-2021.
NgoFebhuwari odlule, ngesikhathi kwethulwa ucwaningo lwe-IEA 'Medium-Term Renewable Energy Market Report 2016' oluhlelwe yiSpanish Energy Club (Enerclub), inhloko yesigaba samandla avuselelekayo se-ejensi yamazwe omhlaba, uPaolo Grankl, wagcizelela ukuthi ukuvuselelwa kuzosho ngaphezu kwe-60% yokwanda kwesizukulwane somhlaba kagesi esikhathini esimaphakathi.
Ngokufanayo, isikhulu esiphezulu se-IEA sichaze ukuthi kulindeleke umthamo ovuselelekayo womhlaba wonke wokukhuphula ngama-gigawatts angama-825 (GW), okungama-42% phakathi konyaka wezi-2015 nowezi-2021. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uveze ukuthi kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukwenziwa kokuvuselelwa kuzodlula amahora angama-7.600 ama-terawatt (TWh) eminyakeni emine, okulingana nokukhiqizwa ngokuphelele kukagesi I-United States ne-European Union.
Kepha naphezu kwale mibono, uFrankl wayenjalo iqaphile maqondana nokuziphendukela kwayo ngenxa yezici ezithile njenge ukungaqiniseki kwezepolitiki, ukuhlanganiswa kwayo okukhulu ezinhlelweni, isidingo sokutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe noma ukuthuthukiswa kancane kwezobuchwepheshe obuvuselelwa emkhakheni wezokushisa nowezokuthutha.
UTrump ngeke abe nesimo
UPaolo Frankl naye ukhulume ngesimo sase-United States. Isazi sikhombise ukuthi asikholelwa ukuthi ukukhetha kwe- UDonald Trump njengomongameli wezwe laseNyakatho Melika izobeka isimo ekukhuleni kwamandla avuselelekayo kuleso sizwe okulindeleke ukuthi sidlule umthamo ofakiwe we-Europe esikhathini seminyaka emihlanu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphathi wesigaba esivuselelekayo se-IEA wayenethemba, eqaphela ukuthi izinqubomgomo "Azinakushintshwa kusukela osukwini olulodwa ziye kolandelayo", ngakho inhlangano ilindele ukuthi ngeke zibe khona "izinguquko ezinkulu" ezinyangeni ezizayo.
Mayelana neSpain, uFrankl waveza ngenkathi kwethulwa lo mbiko ngamathrendi emakethe yamandla ukuthi indali yesikhathi esizayo yamandla avuselelekayo kungenzeka "Imbangela yezinguquko" ezibikezelweni ze-IEA. Ngale ndlela, imakethe kazwelonke ingahle iphume endaweni yokwehla kwamandla emali obekuyiyona kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngombiko wayo, i-IEA yaxwayisa Poland ukuthi kufanele inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwamalahle ekuxubeni kwayo kwamandla futhi iguqule isu layo lokukhulisa imithombo ngokukhishwa okuphansi kwe-CO2, okufana nenuzi noma okuvuselelekayo, kusukelaamalahle ahlinzeka ngama-51% wokuphakelwa kwamandla ezweni, ngokusho kwedatha yango-2015 ″.
I-turbine yomoya enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni
Ama-wind turbines afana nalawa anesibopho sokwandisa amandla omhlaba emhlabeni
IVestas yethule ukuvuselelwa komoya ophephela omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni. Anginazo izichasiso zokuchaza ukuthi likhulu kangakanani leli turbine. I-V164, i-windmill engu-220 yemitha ene Amathani angama-38, amamitha angama-80 ubude, isanda kugxila kubo bonke abanentshisekelo yokuvuselelwa eDenmark.
I-turbine yangaphambilini ibikwazi ukuletha amandla ka-8 MW, futhi ngenxa yezibuyekezo manje isiyakwazi ukufinyelela ku I-9 MW okukhiphayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Esivivinyweni sayo sokuqala, i-V164 ibikhona uyakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-kWh angama-216.000 ngamahora angama-24 kuphela.
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi kuyirekhodi eliphelele lokukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya nge-injini eyodwa yomoya, kodwa yi okukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi imimoya yasolwandle izodlala indima enkulu ekuguqulweni kwamandla osekuvele kuqhubeka.
Kwanele ukuvula ikhaya iminyaka engama-66
Ngokusho kukaTorben UHvid Larsen, IVestas CTO:
"Wethu prototype isethe elinye irekhodi lesizukulwane, ngama-216.000 kWh akhiqizwe esikhathini samahora angama-24. Siyathemba ukuthi lo injini ephehla ugesi engu-9 MW kukhombise ukuthi ikulungele ukumaketha, futhi sikholwa wukuthi izodlala indima enkulu ekwehliseni izintengo zamandla omoya asolwandle. "