Iziteshi zikagesi

Iziteshi zikagesi

Una isiteshi sikagesi iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi noma iqoqo lamathuluzi ayingxenye yohlelo lukagesi. Umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukukhiqiza, ukuguqulwa, ukulawulwa kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi. Iziteshi ezincane kufanele ziguqule futhi zimise amazinga kagesi wengqalasizinda kagesi ukuze amandla kagesi adluliselwe futhi asabalaliswe.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana neziteshi zikagesi, izici zabo nokubaluleka kwazo.

Izinhlobo zeziteshi zikagesi

ukukhiqiza ugesi

Isiteshi sikagesi siwukufakwa okunesibopho sokuguqula amandla kagesi, imvamisa, inombolo yezigaba noma uxhumo lwamasekhethi amabili noma ngaphezulu. Atholakala eduze kwezitshalo zikagesi, onqenqemeni lwezindawo ezisetshenziswayo, noma ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezakhiwo. Iziteshi ezincane emadolobheni zivame ukuba ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ukuze zonge indawo futhi zinciphise ukungcola. Ngokuphambene, izinsiza zangaphandle zitholakala ngaphandle kwezikhungo zasemadolobheni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zeziteshi zikagesi:

  • Iziteshi zoshintsho. Baguqula i-voltage yamandla kagesi nge-transformer eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Kungaba ukukhuphuka noma ukwehliswa.
  • Ishintsha isiteshi esingaphansi. Baxhuma izifunda ezimbili noma ngaphezulu nomsebenzi. Kulolu hlobo lwesiteshi esincane i-voltage ayiguqulwa.
  • Ama-transformer akhuphukayo: Lolu hlobo lwesiteshi esincane lukhuphula i-voltage ekhiqizwayo iye ezingeni eliphezulu ukuze luyiguqule.
  • Ama-transformer asuka phansi: Okokugcina, ngokungafani neziteshi ezikhuphukayo, ama-transformer asuka phansi anciphisa ama-voltage aphezulu ukuya kumazinga alinganiselwe ukuze asatshalaliswe.

Iziteshi zikagesi ezikhuphukela phansi nezehla

iziteshi zokuhlala

Amakheshi anyusa i-voltage ekhiqizwayo ukusuka kokuphakathi ukuya phezulu noma phezulu kakhulu ukuze uyidlulise. Baphumele obala, eduze kwendawo yokuphehla ugesi. I-voltage eyinhloko ye-transformer ngokuvamile iphakathi kuka-3 no-36 kV. I-voltage yesibili ye-transformer inqunywa i-voltage yomugqa wokudlulisa noma umugqa wokuxhuma (66, 110, 220 noma 380 kV).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinciphisi ziyiziteshi ezingaphansi ezinomsebenzi wokunciphisa amandla kagesi aphezulu noma aphezulu abe kagesi aphakathi nendawo ukuze asabalalise kamuva. I-voltage eyinhloko ye-transformer incike ku-voltage yomugqa wokudlulisela (66, 110, 220 noma 380 kV). I-voltage yesibili ye-transformer incike ku-voltage yomugqa wokusabalalisa (phakathi kuka-6 no-30kV).

Izinhlobo zamaphutha

ukulungiswa kweziteshi zikagesi

Amaphutha ajwayelekile kakhulu kumasekethe yilawa:

    Isifunda esifushane: Ukuxhuma ngokuzithandela noma ngengozi lapho kunomehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili kusekethe. Lawa maphutha kumele asulwe phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-5.

Amasistimu okuvikela asetshenziswayo yilawa:

  • Iswishi yokuzihlukanisa.
  • Ukushintsha kwe-Solenoid.

I-Overcurrent: Kungamandla amakhulu kunezibizo, angakhiqiza ukugcwala noma ukujikeleza okufushane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kuqondwa njengokukhuphuka kwamandla angaphezu kwamandla amanje alinganiselwe.

Amasistimu okuvikela asetshenziswayo yilawa:

  • fuse
  • Amaswishi e-electromagnetic kanye ne-magnetocaloric.

  Oxhumana naye ngqo: ukuxhumana phakathi komuntu nezingxenye ezihambayo zedivayisi. Amasistimu okuvikela asetshenziswayo yilawa:

  • Hlukanisa izingxenye ezisebenzayo zokufakwa.
  • Ukuqinisekisa ibanga eliphephile ngokusebenzisa izithiyo.

othintana naye ngokungaqondile: ukuthintana komuntu nenqwaba ekhokhiswe ngokungalindelekile, njengoba kuvame ukwenzeka ngamakesi ezimoto. Isivikelo sokuxhumana esingaqondile esisetshenziswa kakhulu yileso esihlanganisa ukushintshwa okuhlukile nomzimba ophansi.

   Ukuphazamisa:

  • overvoltage: Amandla kagesi aphezulu kunevelu enkulu engaba khona phakathi kwamaphoyinti amabili okufakwa kukagesi. Ukuze uvimbele ukukhuphuka, ama-relay okuvikela ukukhuphuka asetshenziswa.
  • undervoltage: I-voltage iphansi kune-voltage elinganiselwe yokusebenza yesekethe. Ukuze uvimbele ama-undervoltages, i-undervoltage protection relay ifakiwe.

Izinhlelo Zokuvikela

Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokufakwa kukagesi okuhlukile ngezinhlelo zokuvikela ezifana nalezi:

ama-fuse cutouts

Angamadivayisi asetshenziselwa ukusika amasekhethi ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho ukudlula kwamanje kuwo kuphezulu kakhulu. I-fuse iyingxenye yesekhethi ezoncibilika uma idlula amandla ayo akhiqiziwe. I-fuse imane iyishidi le-conductive noma ucingo olusetshenziselwa ukuncibilika futhi ngaleyo ndlela iphule isekethe, kuyilapho i-fuse ihlanganisa i-casing, i-backing material, njll.

edluliselwe ezishisayo

Idivayisi yokuvikela enekhono lokubona ukugeleza kwamanje okungamukeleki. Ngokwayo, awukwazi ukususa iphutha, udinga enye into ukuze unqamule usinki. Izibani zesignali ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa lapho kuvalwa isekethe ukuze kuboniswe ukuthi i-relay eshisayo ikhubekile ngenxa ye-overcurrent engavumelekile.

Shintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo

Imishini ye-Electromechanical ekwazi ukusika ama-overcurrent angavunyelwe kanye namasekethe amafushane okungenzeka wona ngokwawo.

  • vula isifunda esifushane: Isebenza ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokusebenza kazibuthe. Ikhoyili kazibuthe ikhiqiza amandla ngohlelo lwamaleveli anesibopho sokuvula abathintwayo abahambayo (okufakwayo kwamanje). Uma i-current ngokusebenzisa i-circuit breaker idlula amandla alinganiselwe izikhathi ezimbalwa, i-circuit breaker izovula ngaphansi kwama-millisecond angu-5.
  • Uhambo olugcwele: Kulokhu, isebenza ngesimiso sokusebenza kokushisa. I-bimetal iguquguquka lapho ihamba nge-overcurrent engavunyelwe futhi idala amandla adluliswa nge-lever futhi iphule othintana naye onyakazayo. Isikhathi sesenzo sinqunywa ukushuba edlula kukho: ukuphakama kokuqina, isikhathi esincane esithatha isenzo.

Ukushintsha okuhlukile

Imishini yokuvikela ukuze kutholwe futhi kuqedwe amaphutha e-insulation. Lo mshini ubaluleke kakhulu ekufakweni kukagesi, Kuyadingeka ukugwema ama-overcurrents kanye nezifunda ezimfushane., beka i-magneto-thermal switch ngaphambili.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile kwalesi sisetshenziswa, okwamanje kungena kumamukeli unenani elifanayo nelesimanje elishiya umamukeli. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwe-insulation, kuzoba khona ukungalingani phakathi kokufakwayo nokuphumayo; ushintsho lwamanje ngeke lube uziro. Uma inkinobho yokuhlukanisa ithola ukuthi lolu shintsho lwamanje aluyona i-zero, lusebenza ngokuvula isifunda.

ukuhlukanisa ukushintsha

Uxhumano lwemishini kanye nedivayisi yokunqamula evumela ukuthi ushintshe ukuxhumeka kwesekethe kagesi ukuze kuhlukaniswe i-elementi noma ingxenye yenethiwekhi kagesi kusukela kuyo yonke inethiwekhi. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa inkinobho yokuhlukanisa, i-current in circuit kumele inqunywe.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana neziteshi zikagesi kanye nezici zazo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.