Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwesikhungo samandla esisebenzisa izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi kulokhu. Imayelana ne- Isitshalo samandla esishisayo seCompostilla. Ingesinye sezikhungo ezijwayelekile ze-thermoelectric ezinophethiloli omkhulu ngamalahle. Njengoba sazi, amalahle ngophethiloli wezinsalela onomkhawulo onedethi ekude kakhulu yokuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, siyazazi izinkinga zayo ezinkulu zokungcola kwemvelo nokucekelwa phansi kwezinhlelo zemvelo.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizochaza zonke izici nokubaluleka kwesitshalo samandla esishisayo seCompostilla.
Izici eziyinhloko
Lesi sitshalo samandla esishisayo siqukethe ukufakwa okujwayelekile kwe-thermoelectric kabasi ophethiloli wayo omkhulu ongamalahle. Itholakala eduze komfula iSil kumasipala waseCubillos de Sí esifundazweni saseLeón. Lesi sitshalo sikagesi sakhiwa ikakhulukazi ngamaqembu amane ashisayo akwazi ukukhiqiza cishe ama-megawatts ayi-4. Ubunikazi benkampani buyingxenye ye-Endesa.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sitshalo samandla esishisayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi sinesikhungo samandla esishisayo seCompostilla I, okwakuyindawo yokuqala yokukhiqiza yakwa-Endesa futhi Yavulwa enkabeni yama-50 ePonferrada. Kamuva, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu samandla kubantu abakhulayo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo, esinye isitshalo samandla esishisayo esibizwa ngeCompostilla II sakhiwa ngawo-60. Saqala ukusebenza ngo-1972 futhi sasiyindawo yesibili yamandla kagesi ashisayo ebaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke elaseSpain.
Esinye sezici ezidingekayo lapho isitshalo ngasinye samandla esishisayo sidinga ukuba sibe nendawo yokupholisa. Kulokhu, kwakudingeka ukuthi kwakhiwe isitsha seBárcena phakathi nomfula iSil ukuze kwenziwe le misebenzi yesiqandisi. Lesi sitshalo sinoshimula ababili ukuphakama kwemqhele ephezulu kwamamitha angama-270 kanye nama-290 ngokulandelana neminye imibhoshongo emibili yokupholisa.
Lesi sitshalo sikagesi esishisayo ekuqaleni sasiklanyelwe ukusebenzisa amalahle aqhamuka ezitsheni zase-El Bierzo naseLaciana. Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi isiteshi samandla kagesi esishisayo sithola udumo futhi nesidingo samandla sikhula, lokhu kusetshenziswa kwamalahle kukhuphule kakhulu i-coke ekhululekile ephethiloli engeniswa ngaphandle, okwenza ukungcola kuphakame kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Umsuka wamafutha avela esitshalweni samandla esishisayo seCompostilla
Ama-70% amalahle asetshenziselwe lesi sitshalo samandla ashisayo kungokazwelonke. Umphakeli omkhulu kunabo bonke oletha amalahle kulesi sitshalo yisitshalo samalahle iCoto Minero Cantábrico, esinamathani ayizigidi ezimbili amalahle ngonyaka.
Amaqembu alesi sitshalo abe ngu-3, 4 no-5 unamandla okumanzisa i-desulfurization asetshenziselwa ukususa i-sulfur dioxide lokho kwenziwa emagesi omlilo. Lokhu kuchithwa kobuso bunobuchwepheshe obuthuthukile obukwaziyo ukunciphisa ukungcola komkhathi.
Ngo-2008 abakwa-Endesa bamemezela ukuthi bazoshintsha amaqembu 1, 2 no-3 ukuze bashintshe imijikelezo yabo ibe yimijikelezo yegesi yemvelo ehlanganisiwe. Inhloso enkulu yalolu shintsho ukukwazi ukwenza zonke izikhungo zibe zesimanje futhi zivumelane nemithetho emisha yomthelela kwezemvelo. Njengoba amalahle engomunye wamandla okubasa angcolisa umhlaba wonke futhi adala umphumela omkhulu wokushisa okushisa futhi, njengomphumela omkhulu, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, kwathathwa isinqumo sokushintshela kwigesi yemvelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu ezihlinzekwa ngokufaka umjikelezo wegesi wemvelo ohlanganisiwe ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukuthi kuzuzwe amandla aphindwe kabili wamanje. Ngo-2007 maphakathi Isivele inabasebenzi abangama-238 abenze kwaba ngenye yezimboni ezibaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke inhlonhlo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa kaphethiloli wamalahle futhi bekuyisitshalo sesihlanu samalahle esingcolisa kakhulu ezweni lonke.
Ukulungiswa kwesitshalo samandla esishisayo seCompostilla
Ngenxa yale mithetho elandelayo yokuvikela ubungozi kwezemvelo kanye nasemsebenzini eye yavuselelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isitshalo samandla esishisayo seCompostilla nakho kuye kwadingeka sivumelane nemvelo entsha. Ngo-2012, kwavulwa uhlelo olusha olwavimbela imililo engase ibe khona. Okusha kwalolu hlobo lohlelo ukuthi bekungayilimazi ungqimba lwe-ozone.
Kumele futhi sisho ushintsho lwemijikelezo ehlangene negesi yemvelo ukuthola amandla aphindwe kabili ngenkathi sinciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa.
Okunye ukulungiswa kwesikhungo samandla kagesi seCompostilla ukukhuphuka kwaso ngenxa yokukhathazeka nokwazisa ukukhuthaza isiko lezemvelo. Futhi ukuthi lesi sitshalo samandla esishisayo sithathe imizamo eminingi yezemfundo ukukhuthaza ukusimama nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Ngale ndlela, kuhloselwe ukufundisa ngendlela yezemvelo ukunciphisa imithelela yezemvelo kuzo zonke izindawo zezimboni nezasemadolobheni.
Akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi isisekelo sokufunwa kwamandla ukusetshenziswa kokugcina nezinga lempilo. Ukhethe ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi kulo mkhakha ukuthi gxila ekukhuthazeni ukusimama komkhakha wezamandla. Kunemisebenzi embalwa ebhekiswe ngqo ekunciphiseni imithelela yemvelo yezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokho abazama ukukhuthaza isiko lemvelo ngayo yonke le mizamo yokufunda yeminyaka yonke. Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla emvelweni yasekhaya kungenye yezinyuso ezivame kakhulu eCompostilla esiphehla ugesi oshisayo.
Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngemuva kwakho konke, ikhaya kulapho kukhiqizwa khona enye yezidingo zamandla amakhulu ezingeni ledolobha lilonke. Inhloso enkulu ukuqeqesha yonke le mindeni esengozini yokwenza ngcono izikweletu zayo zikagesi. Yile ndlela okungenzeka ngayo ukuthi unikeze ezinye izincomo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuthembekile kanye nokwehliswa kwentengo yesikweletu sokugcina sikagesi. Kuze kube manje, imindeni engama-241 ihlomule kulolu hlelo olungenawo ugesi ngamunye thola ukonga okumaphakathi okulinganiselwa ku-36% kuzikweletu zakho.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, lesi sitshalo sikagesi sibhekele ukungcola okukhulu eSpain.Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngesiChibi samandla kagesi seCompostilla.