Ishaja yebhethri

ukushaja amabhethri emoto

Un i-cargador de baterías iyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukushaja ibhethri elilahliwe ngokuzungeza amandla aqondile ne-voltage ephakeme kancane kune-voltage yebhethri ngokwalo, kwelinye icala elibhekene nelamanje lokukhipha. Ngale ndlela, ukuguqulwa kwe-sulfate eholayo emapuletini kufinyelelwa, ukubuyisela i-sulfuric acid kwisisombululo se-electrolytic, okwandisa isisindo sayo esithile.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana neshaja yebhethri, izici zayo nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani engcono kakhulu.

Ukusebenza kweshaja yebhethri

Ishaja yebhethri

Njengoba umthombo wamandla otholakalayo wawuyinethiwekhi yamanje eshintshanayo, kwasetshenziswa ama-selenium rectifiers noma ama-rectifiers akhiwe ngama-silicon diode, avumela ukudlula kwamandla ngendlela eyodwa enqunywe kusengaphambili, njengokuqondiswa kwamagagasi ayingxenye enhle kuphela. Njengoba inani le-voltage yenethiwekhi liphezulu kakhulu kunalokho okudingekayo, I-transformer isetshenziselwa ukwehlisa i-voltage ibe yinani eliphakathi kuka-13 no-18 V. I-varistor (i-variable resistor) ifakwe ochungechungeni nesekhethi futhi umsebenzi wayo ukulawula amandla wamanje wokushaja.

Ngokuxhuma isigxobo esihle seshaja esigxotsheni esihle sebhethri, isigxobo esinegethivu esigxotsheni esinegethivu kanye nesisekelo se-transformer kunethiwekhi, ibhethri selizoshajwa. Le nqubo iqhubeka inqobo nje uma ithatha i-electrolyte ukuthi ifinyelele amandla adonsela phansi afanele, noma kuze kube yilapho amabhamuza eqala ukuvela esixazululo (umphumela ngenxa yokukhululwa kwe-hydrogen noma umoya-mpilo eduze kwamapuleti aqondile namanegethivu, njengamanje ukushaja) . inkulu kunokwehliswa kwenani elincane elisekhona kumapuleti amanje adingekayo ku-lead sulfate).

Imithwalo egcwele nengxenye

yini ishaja yebhethri

Ukuze uthole ukushaja okuphelele, i-amperage kufanele ibe nomkhawulo; ukushaja ngokushesha kakhulu kungabangela ipuleti lishise futhi ligobe. Ngakho-ke, I-varistor iyadingeka ukukala ukushuba komsinga.

Idivayisi futhi ine-ammeter yokuqapha njalo amandla wamanje ukushaja kanye ne-voltmeter ukuze yazi kahle ukuthi i-voltage iyini kumatheminali ebhethri.

Ezinye izinhlobo zamashaja ebhethri ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalezo ezichaziwe, zinamandla ahlukene (45-60 W) nezici zokusebenza. Uhlobo olusetshenziswa kuma-workshop kagesi luklanyelwe ukukwazi ukushaja amabhethri amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, axhunywe ndawonye ochungechungeni noma ngokuhambisana kuye ngesimo. Njengoba isikhathi sokushaja singeke sibe side kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukulawula isikhathi nokuqina kwamandla amanje kuphela, kodwa futhi namandla athile adonsela phansi e-electrolyte. Ukuze kuncishiswe isidingo sokulawula, ama-electronics asebenzise ngempumelelo uhlobo olukhethekile lokulungisa, ukusebenza kwalo kuphazamiseka ngokuzenzakalela uma sekufinyelelwe ukushajwa okugcwele.

Ayilutho ngempela ngaphandle kwemishini ezwela i-voltage kumatheminali ebhethri asebenza ngendlela yokuthi ishaja yebhethri izivale ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho i-voltage yokushajwa egcwele isifinyelelwe.

Idivayisi futhi ine-ammeter yokuqapha njalo amandla wamanje ukushaja kanye ne-voltmeter ukuze yazi kahle ukuthi i-voltage iyini kumatheminali ebhethri.

Ezinye izinhlobo zamashaja ebhethri ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalezo ezichaziwe, zinamandla ahlukene (45-60 W) nezici zokusebenza. Uhlobo olusetshenziswa kuma-workshop kagesi luklanyelwe ukukwazi ukushaja amabhethri amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, axhunywe ndawonye ochungechungeni noma ngokuhambisana kuye ngesimo. Njengoba isikhathi sokushaja asikwazi ukuba side kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukulawula kokubili isikhathi namandla amanje kanye namandla athile adonsela phansi e-electrolyte.

Ukuze kuncishiswe isidingo sokulawula, ama-electronics asebenzise ngempumelelo uhlobo olukhethekile lokulungisa, ukusebenza kwalo kuphazamiseka ngokuzenzakalela uma sekufinyelelwe ukushajwa okugcwele. Ayilutho ngempela ngaphandle kwemishini ezwela i-voltage kumatheminali ebhethri asebenza ngendlela yokuthi ishaja yebhethri izivale ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho i-voltage yokushajwa egcwele isifinyelelwe.

Izinhlobo zeshaja yebhethri

ishaja ezimotweni

Singakwazi ukuhlukanisa ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezintathu zamashaja ebhethri adonsayo:

  • Wo wa ishaja
  • Amashaja Emvamisa Ephakeme (HF).
  • Ishaja enama-voltage amaningi

Sizochaza uhlobo ngalunye ngokuningiliziwe.

Wo wa ishaja

I-Wo-Wa (ukushaja kwemithambeka ekabili) iyindlela yokushaja ehlanganisiwe enezigaba ezimbili ehlinzeka ngevoltheji engaguquki kanye neyamanje lapho ukushaja okusheshayo kunikezwa ngendlela elawulwayo.

Kube yindlela ejwayeleke kakhulu iminyaka eminingi, futhi yize amashaja alolu hlobo eqe imigomo yawo, aya ngokuya eshintshwa amashaja amasha nasebenza kahle kakhulu anemvamisa ephezulu. Okuningi (75% vs. 90%)

Amashaja Emvamisa Ephakeme (HF).

Amashaja anemvamisa ephezulu aya ngokuya esetshenziswa futhi kancane kancane azothola indawo emakethe ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuphezulu, izici nokulahlekelwa kwamandla aphansi ngesikhathi sokushaja.

Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kubiza kakhulu kuneshaja yendabuko, kodwa lezi zindleko ezengeziwe zingaphezu kokunxeshezelwa ukuphila kwayo isikhathi eside kanye nezindleko eziphansi zikagesi ngoba iguqula kangcono kakhulu futhi ayikhiqizi i-voltage lapho iqala iziqongo zokulayisha (okuqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi), ngakho-ke ziyi-investimenti enkulu.

Ishaja enama-voltage amaningi

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, amashaja anamandla kagesi amaningi anikeza amandla okushaja amabhethri ngama-voltage ahlukene (ikakhulukazi i-12V, 24V, 36V kanye no-48V), okuwenza abe yimikhiqizo eguquguqukayo engakwazi ukujwayelana nezidingo zokushaja ezihlukahlukene ezingase ziphakame. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uzakwabo osobala kakhulu kufanele aqaphele kakhulu uhlobo lwebhethri okufanele lishajwe kanye ne-voltage edingekayo, njengoba esimweni esibi kakhulu ukumiswa okungalungile kungabangela umonakalo ongalungiseki ebhethrini (njengoba kwenzeka kumashaja ebhethri endabuko). .

Ngokungafani namabhethri aqalayo, amabhethri ahambayo anika amandla amasekhethi kagesi noma izakhi zemishini, njengezimoto zikagesi, ukuzigcina zinyakaza ngokuqhubekayo isikhathi eside. Ziye zasetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni wezimboni phakathi neminyaka, njengama-stackers noma ama-forklift, enikeza izinkampani ezikhetha lolu hlobo lwemishini inzuzo enkulu yezinto.

Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana neshaja yebhethri nezici zayo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.