Yonke iPortugal isebenzele izinsuku ezine ngamandla avuselelekayo. Kungokokuqala ukuthi izwe elithuthukile lisebenzise kuphela amandla omoya, amanzi nelanga isikhathi eside kangaka ukondla igridi kagesi yonke. I-United Kingdom ne-Jalimane benze imizamo efanayo, kepha bakwazile ukubekelela kuphela Okwamahora ambalwa.
Ngonyaka odlule, i-74,7% yokukhiqizwa kwamandla kazwelonke yaqhamuka amandla okungewona awembiwa, ikakhulu kusuka emanzini (44,1%) okuphelele, kulandelwa umoya (25,6%) kanye ne-biomass (4%), okokuqala ngqa, ukukhiqizwa kwelanga kudlule i-1% yengqikithi, ngokusho kwedatha evela ePortugal Renewable Energy Association.
Amandla we-Hydric njengamanje amaningi kakhulu, yize ezoncipha, ngoba kunjalo izakhiwo ezindala nangamandla asevele asetshenzisiwe. Ikusasa lomoya, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, njengamanje bushibhile uma kubhekwa iphrojekthi entsha yokukhiqiza ugesi.
Ngokusho kwenkampani ephethwe nguhulumeni i-EDP, amandla omoya ashibhile ngisho kune okunye okuvamilenjengegesi yemvelo noma amalahle. Ikusasa libuye libe ngelanga, yize izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali kwelanga ziphakeme ngoba azikwazi ukusebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, yize ukuthuthuka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwamapaneli kuzovumela ukufakwa kwawo okukhulu eminyakeni ezayo.
Njengamanje, futhi uma sikhuluma ngemali, isakhamuzi asizuzi uma ugesi uvela ekuthengeni amalahle noma uwoyela noma kwimvelo. Isikweletu sikagesi samaPutukezi, ngemuva kwalesi seJalimane, ebiza kakhulu eYurophu, ngomthwalo wentela ka-42%, ophakeme kuphela kunowamaDanes namaJalimane, ngokusho kwedatha ye-Eurostat. Inkinga ukuthi uma siqhathanisa amandla okuthenga amaPutukezi neDanish noma isiJalimane.
Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo eziningi zemvelo, okuvuselelekayo kuxazulula abantu basemakhaya. Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo zivame ukwakhiwa ezindaweni zasemakhaya, lapho zikhona ukwanda kwemithombo yomoya noma yamanzi. Leli qiniso lithuthukisa umnotho wasemakhaya ngokwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi, ukwenziwa ngcono kwengqalasizinda nokwenyuka kokuqoqwa kwentela.
I-EDPR, ongumkhiqizi omkhulu wezamandla kazwelonke, ubelokhu ethuthukisa amapulazi omoya kusukela ngo-1996, anekomkhulu lakhe laseYurophu eMadrid, nelinye ihhovisi eHouston phatha izimpahla zakho e-United States nase-Canada. Inamalayisense okuthuthukisa amapulazi omoya asogwini olwandle eBrazil nasePortugal.
Ushintsho ekukhiqizweni kwamandla ePortugal lube lukhulu kakhulu eminyakeni engama-40 edlule. Ngo-1980 yayingelinye lamazwe aseYurophu angcolisa kakhulu amandla, impela angama-27 kwangu-30, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwa IYurophu Diry 30, ngenxa ye- Sines isitshalo se-thermoelectric. Kepha vele ku-2004, iPortugal yayithole ukuthi cishe i-20% yokusetshenziswa kwayo kwakungamandla avuselelekayo, kanti eSpain kwakungu-8% kuphela.
I-European watchdog i-KeepOnTrack ikhumbula ukuthi iPortugal ilahlekelwe ngumfutho eminyakeni emibili edlule ohlelweni lwayo lokufaka esikhundleni sezibaseli nokuthi, uma iqhubeka kanjena, ngeke ihlangabezane nenhloso yomyalelo wase-Europe ukuze ngo-2020 31% wokusetshenziswa kwayo unamandla zivela emithonjeni engeyona ifosili.
Amapulazi omoya ase-Offshore ePortugal
Okokuqala ipulazi lomoya elwandle yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia isivele iyiqiniso kodwa isuka ogwini lwe Viana do Castelo, endaweni yamaPutukezi, amakhilomitha angama-60 ukusuka emngceleni neGalicia. Ukubheja okusha nokuzimisele kwezwe elingumakhelwane ngamandla avuselelekayo, umkhakha lapho IPortugal inenzuzo enkulu ngaphezu kwethu, yize i-Spain ingumbuso womhlaba maqondana namandla omoya-wezomhlaba- ukhathazekile.
Indida yaseSpain
Endabeni yamandla omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle, indida yaseSpain isiyonke. Ezweni lethu awekho amapulazi omoya "asogwini lolwandle", izibonelo ezithile zokuhlola. Y Kodwa-ke, izinkampani zethu zingabaholi bomhlaba nabo kulobu buchwepheshe. Akukho neyodwa i-megawatt engena kwinethiwekhi yaseSpain ivela olwandle lapho ise-United Kingdom Iberdrola uvule amapulazi omoya amaningana, njenge-West off Duddon Sands (389 MW), esakhiwa eJalimane futhi anikeze (futhi e-United Kingdom) i-East Anglia One (714 MW), iphrojekthi enkulu kunazo zonke yaseSpain emlandweni emkhakheni we evuselelekayo. Ngaphezu kwe-Iberdrola, izinkampani ezinjenge-Ormazabal noma i-Gamesa nazo ziyizilinganiso.