Inguquko yeMacron ifinyelela kuyo yonke imikhakha yaseFrance, ngisho neyodwa njengenganyakazi njengamandla. Uhulumeni umemezele ngokumangala ukucinywa kwenuzi, ikakhulukazi ukuvalwa kwe Iziphenduli zenuzi eziyi-17 ngonyaka ka-2025.
Izindaba eziqhuma ngamabhomu zaphonswa ngesikhathi kuxoxwa nabezindaba nguNgqongqoshe Wezomnotho WaseFrance, uNicolas Hulot, owahlonipha kanjalo igama loqobo lomnyango wakho (ngaphambi kwe-Environment and Energy) nesikhathi sakhe esedlule njengesazi semvelo esiqinisekisiwe. "Mhlawumbe ukuvala shaqa kuzofinyelela kuma-reactor angu-17," kusho uHulot.
Ukucinywa kwenuzi
Lokhu kucishwa kombani okuyingxenye kuzoba nemiphumela ebalulekile kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ekutholakaleni nasekufuneni kwamandla.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ekupheleni konyaka odlule, imakethe kagesi ephelele eSpain yabhalisa ukunyuka okukhulu kwamanani (kufika kuma-60 euros MW / h uma kuqhathaniswa nama-euro ayi-16 ngokwesilinganiso), ngokusho kukahulumeni, ngokwengxenye kwaba yiphutha ukuvalwa kwesikhashana kwezikhungo eziningi zenuzi eFrance. Isimo siba sibi ngoJanuwari, lapho amanani entengo echibini laseSpain enyuka ngo-96% uma kuqhathaniswa noJanuwari 2016.
EBerlin, ukuvalwa okucacile kwezikhungo zamandla enuzi zaseFrance kuzokwamukelwa ngokweneliseka okukhulu ngoba abantu basemngceleni waseJalimane sebeveze ukukhathazeka kwabo mayelana ukuguga kwepaki yenuzi laseFrance.
Ukushintshelwa emithonjeni emisha yamandla kuzohambisana nenqubomgomo yamandla we Izinjini ezi-2 ze-EU, ngoba iJalimane isivele ivale ama-reactor ayisishiyagalombili ngo-2011 (ngemuva kwetsunami yaseFukushima) futhi yakhipha isinqumo sokuvalwa kwabangu-17 abasele ngo-2022.
IFrance ibisivele iqale indlela yokuhlukaniswa kwemithombo yamandla futhi eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, ngaphansi kukaMongameli waseHollande, yaphasisa umthetho wokwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi kusuka ku-75% kuya ku-50%.
Izinga libeka umgomo ephepheni futhi lasetha umnqamulajuqu ongafika ku-2025. Kepha akukaze kuchazwe ukuthi "ibhasikidi" lamandla elisha lizofinyelelwa kanjani, uma ngokwehlisa ijubane ukukhiqizwa kwenuzi, ukunciphisa noma ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo.
Kepha uHulot ubeke inani okokuqala ngqa emthelela lapho ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla awo kuzoba khona epaki yenuzi. “Wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi ukuze afinyelele leyo nhloso kuzodingeka cisha inani elithile lama-reactors”, Ungqongqoshe ugwebe izolo. Futhi yize ecele isikhathi sokwenza uhlelo lokugcina, ukubeke kwacaca ukuthi usezenzile izinombolo zokuqala. "Ake ngihlele izinto, kepha mhlawumbe ukuvalwa kuzofinyelela kuziphenduli ezifika ku-17," esho.
Amagama kaHulot angasho ukucishwa kuka-30% kwama-reactor angama-58 iFrance anayo, okuthola kuwo isizukulwane sama-63 GWh ngonyaka.
Kusazobonakala ukuthi ungqongqoshe weMacron angayifeza yini inhloso yakhe ezweni lapho inkampani kahulumeni i-EDF (engumnikazi wezikhungo zamandla enuzi) inamandla kakhulu kangangokuba ichazwa njenge enye insizakalo yamandla.
Ukuqokwa kukaHulot kwakungenye yezindlela zokugembula eziyingozi kakhulu eMacron. Umongameli waseFrance unikele ngephothifoliyo endala ye-Energy kwenye ye abezemvelo abaziwa kakhulu nabalwa ezweni. UHulot, usevele uthandwe abanye ohulumeni, kepha wayengakaze avume ukungena kunoma yikuphi, ngoba wayenesiqinisekiso sokuthi angafeza uhlelo lwakhe. NgeMacron, okwamanje uyakwenza.
Inguquko entsha yaseFrance
Ngaphansi kwe-CO2. Ukuguqulwa kwamandla okwamenyezelwa nguhulumeni waseMacron kuhlose ukufeza izinga lokukhishwa okungu-zero CO2050 ngo-2, inhloso enhle kakhulu futhi ephakeme kunaleyo okuvunyelwene ngayo Isivumelwano Samazwe Ngamazwe SaseParis ngokumelene nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Isivumelwano lapho "ngokumangala" akuseyona iMelika.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iFrance ifuna ukukhiqiza amandla ayo angama-32% amandla avuselelekayo ngonyaka ka-2030, ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunanamuhla (15,2%).
Ngokusho kukaNgqongqoshe uHulot, "Izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi zivela ngekhulu le-5 nele-XNUMX." Ohlelweni lwayo olusha lomsebenzi olwamukelwe ngoJulayi XNUMX. Lolu hlelo lubandakanya ukuvimbela ukuthengiswa kwezimoto lokho kudla izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi, njengophethiloli noma udizili ngo-2040. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngawo lowo nyaka, alukho uhlobo lwe-hydrocarbon olungakhiqizwa enhlabathini yaseFrance.