Imishini yomoya bakhiqiza u-4% kagesi womhlaba, kepha kungenzeka ukudlulela phambili kakhulu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe ososayensi eSorbonne eParis, seluthole indlela yokwenza imishini yomoya yenza u-35% ngaphezulu, ingenza lobu buchwepheshe phindaphinda iphesenti lamanje ikakhulukazi eminyakeni ezayo.
Ishicilelwa yilo magazini Isayensi kumagazini wakamuva i-The Efficiency of a i-turbine yomoya ayitholakali ngokuguqula ama-rotors ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngalokhu, ngaphezu kokukhulisa ubungozi bokuhluleka, ama-turbine asebenza kancane ngejubane eliphakeme, ngoba abukeka njengodonga kune-rotor, evimbela umoya ukuthi ungadluli izindwani. Ngokusho kukaVicent Coghet (isazi semvelo e-University of Paris-Sorbonne), inani elifanele lamandla litholakala ngamazinga aphakathi wokujikeleza.
Ngakho bangakwazi khiqiza amandla ngokufanele, umoya kufanele ushaye ama-blade akho ku- "angle angle" ukuze usebenzise inani elifanele le-torque ku-generator.
Izimpiko ze izinambuzane azinayo le nkinga. Njengoba zinjalo nezimo, bangaqondisa phansi amandla ohlangothini lwendiza yakho, amandla akhulayo. Futhi ngoba ngokwemvelo ziyagoba emoyeni, zinganciphisa ukudonsa ukuvimbela umonakalo.
Ukubona ukuthi ukuguquguquka okungokwemvelo kokundiza kwezinambuzane kungasetshenziswa yini ezinkanini zomoya ophephela, iCognet nethimba lakhe bakha ama-prototypes we-turbine yomoya omncane onezitayela ezintathu ezihlukene zensimbi: iqinile ngokuphelele, iguquguquka ngokulingene futhi iguquguquka kakhulu. Izimo eziguquguqukayo zenziwa ngento ebizwa nge-polyethylene terephthalate, kuyilapho inguqulo eqinile yenziwa nge-resin eqinile yokwenziwa.
Ekuvivinyweni komhubhe womoya, izindwani eziguquguqukayo azange zikhiqize amandla amaningi njengalawo aqinile, njengoba ayene-flaccid kakhulu. Kepha izindwani eziguqukayo ngokulinganisela zinikeze ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu: zadlula lezo eziqinile, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla afinyelela kuma-35% futhi yavumela izindwani ukuthi zisebenze kahle ebangeni elibanzi lezimo zomoya.
Izivivinyo zikhombise nokuthi ukuthuthuka kuqhamuke ezingxenyeni ezinyakazayo: njengoba izindwani zomoya ephephuka zibuyela emuva naphambili ngenxa yengcindezi yomoya nomphumela we-centrifugal ngokulandelana, i-engeli enyakazayo ebishintsha kancane. Ama-engeli e-pitch ephakeme ('avuleke' ngokwengeziwe) asebenze kangcono ngejubane eliphansi lomoya, ngenkathi ama-engeli ezinyathelo ezingezansi (ngaphezulu "avaliwe") enza kanjalo ngejubane eliphakeme. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi baqinisekisile ukuthi ngokuvala kancane i-angle yokuthambekela kungenzeka ukuthi kukhiqizwe amandla amaningi.
Inselelo elandelayo, kusho uCognet kala ubuchwepheshe ukuthi busetshenziswe kuma-turbine osayizi ojwayelekile. U-American Asfaw Beyene, owenza ucwaningo ngendlela efanayo eSan Diego University of California, ukholwa ukuthi yize ingxenye yobunjiniyela izothatha isikhathi, ukufezekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kahle okungu-35% kunengqondo impela.
I-turbine yomoya enamandla kakhulu emhlabeni
Inkampani yaseDenmark iMHI Vestas Offshore Wind yethule i-turbine yomoya enamandla kunazo zonke emhlabeni. I-turbine yomoya, esibhabhadiswe njenge-V164, yephule irekhodi lokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwe- ophephela abasebenza ogwini kukhiqiza ama-kWh angama-216.000 esikhathini samahora angama-24.
Ukwanda kokuqwashisa ngezemvelo nokwesaba imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kusenze sanaka kakhulu imithombo evuselelekayo. Amandla omoya kungenye indlela ehlanzekile yokukhiqiza ugesi kuthakazelisa kakhulu, futhi izakhiwo ezingasogwini lolwandle zisebenza kahle kakhulu. Manje, ngenxa yalolu hlobo olusha, kuzokwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kwalo mthombo wamandla ohlanzekile.
I-turbine yomoya i-V164 iwukusebenzisa kahle imodeli yangaphambilini yenkampani, okuthe kuze kube manje yayiyiyona enkulu kunazo zonke emakethe. Le nguqulo entsha ingu-220 m ukuphakama futhi inesisindo esingamathani angama-38. Ifakelwe izindwani ezintathu ezinamamitha angama-80 ubude endaweni eshanela yamamitha-skwele angama-21,124. Imvamisa, kuma-wind turbines usayizi omkhulu usho ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, futhi lokhu kuguqulela ekwehliseni izindleko zokufaka nezokulungisa nge-kilowatt ngayinye eyenziwe.
I-turbine entsha yomoya yafakwa ngoDisemba odlule eduze nedolobha lase-Østerild, eDenmark, futhi Kwakungesikhathi sezivivinyo lapho kwephula khona irekhodi lokukhiqizwa kukagesi wenjini ephehlwa umoya wasolwandle. Isivinini somoya esifanele siphakathi kuka-12 no-25 m / s, kanti isivinini esincane esidingekayo ukusebenza singu-4 m / s.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-V164 yakhelwe ukumelana nesimo sezulu esibi eNorth Sea. Ngokwalesi sizathu, i-turbine ingabuye isetshenziswe futhi ibe nempilo ewusizo yeminyaka engama-25.