Uma sikhuluma ngamandla elanga, into yokuqala esiyicabanga ngamapaneli elanga. Lowo ngamandla we-photovoltaic solar, mhlawumbe amandla adume kakhulu kuwo wonke amandla avuselelekayo, kanye nomoya. Kodwa-ke, kukhona olunye uhlobo: amandla okushisa elanga.
Uma ufuna ukwazi yonke into ngalolu hlobo lwamandla elanga, kusuka kulokho eliyikho, ngokusebenzisa izici zalo, qhubeka ufunda 🙂
Yini amandla okushisa elanga?
Njengoba igama lalo liphakamisa, luhlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo futhi ahlanzekile aqukethe ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukukhiqiza ugesi. Ngokungafani namapaneli elanga asetshenziswa kumandla we-photovoltaic ukukhiqiza ugesi kusuka ezithombeni zokukhanya ezitholakala emisebeni yelanga, la mandla isebenzisa ngokunenzuzo le radiation ukushisa uketshezi.
Lapho imisebe yelanga ihlasela uketshezi, iyalushisa bese lolu ketshezi olushisayo lungasetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Ukuthola umbono ongcono, U-20% wokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesibhedlela, ihhotela noma ikhaya kufana nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ashisayo. Ngamandla okushisa elanga sikwazi ukufudumeza amanzi ngamandla elanga futhi siwasebenzise ukuze, kulo mkhakha wamandla, kungadingeki sisebenzise izinsalela zamathambo noma amanye amandla.
Impela ucabanga ukuthi amanzi emifula, amachibi nezindawo zokugcina amanzi ahlaselwe yimisebe yelanga kanti, nokho, ayishisi. Futhi ukuthi ukusizakala ngalemisebe yelanga ukufakwa okukhethekile kuyadingeka okusiza ukushisa uketshezi ukuze, kamuva, lukusebenzise.
Amandla we-Solar thermal anikela kakhulu ekwehliseni izindleko, ngaleyo ndlela asindise amandla futhi anciphise ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okubangela ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke futhi kubangele ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Izingxenye zokufakwa okushisayo
Lapho sesazi ukuthi amandla okushisa elanga ayini, kufanele sibe nezinto ezidingekayo ukwakha ukufakwa kwelanga okusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise lo mthombo wamandla.
Umbambi
Into yokuqala ukufakwa kwalolu hlobo okufanele ibe nayo yiqoqo noma iphaneli elanga. Iphaneli yelanga ayisebenzi ngokufana ne-photovoltaic eyaziwayo. Ayinayo iseli le-photovoltaic eliqoqa ama-photon wokukhanya ukuze uwaguqule abe ngamandla, kodwa kunalokho sivumele ukuthi sithathe imisebe yelanga ukuqala ukufudumeza uketshezi kuzungeza ngaphakathi kwazo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zabaqoqi nangokuhluka ekusebenzeni kwabo.
Wesifunda umfutholuketshezi
Owesibili yisifunda se-hydraulic. Lawa amapayipi akha isekethe lapho sizothutha khona uketshezi lokudlulisa ukushisa oluzobheka isenzo esizosenza. Isifunda sivame ukuvalwa ekufakweni okuningi. Ngakho-ke, kukhona okukhulunywa ngakho indlela eyodwa yamasekethe, kusuka kuphaneli, futhi ukubuyisa amasekethe, kuze kufike kuphaneli. Kunjengokungathi lesi sifunda siwuhlobo lwamanzi okubilisa amanzi afaka isandla ekushiseni kwendawo.
Isishintshisi sokushisa
Baphethe ukuhambisa ukushisa ngesekethe. Isishintshisi sokushisa sidlulisela amandla athunjwe yilanga emanzini. Imvamisa ingaphandle kwethangi (elibizwa ngokuthi ama-plate exchangers) noma langaphakathi (ikhoyili).
I-accumulator
Njengoba isidingo samandla elanga asihlali sifana, njengakwi-photovoltaics, sidinga lokho uhlelo oluthile lokugcina amandla. Kulokhu, amandla okushisa elanga agcinwa kuma-accumulators. Lesi sihlanganisi sikwazi ukugcina amanzi ashisayo ukuze atholakale lapho siwadinga. Angamathangi anomthamo nokufakwa okudingakalayo ukugwema ukulahleka kwamandla nokugcina amanzi eshisa ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Amapompo okusakaza
Ukuhambisa uketshezi usuka kwenye indawo uye kwenye, kudingeka amaphampu asebenza ukunqoba amaconsi okucindezela amasekethe namandla okubanga namandla adonsela phansi.
Amandla asizayo
Lapho kunemisebe yelanga engaphansi, ukukhiqizwa kwala mandla kuyancipha. Kepha akusikho ukuthi isidingo sisebenza kahle futhi. Ebhekene nalolu hlobo lwesimo lapho isidingo sidlula ukulethwa, sizodinga uhlelo lokusekelwa olufudumeza amanzi nokuyilokho ezimele ngokuphelele esimisweni sonozungezilanga. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-backup backup.
Kuyibheyili eqala ukusebenza ezimeni lapho amandla okushisa elanga engathandeki futhi afudumeza amanzi agciniwe.
Izinto Ziyadingeka Ukuphepha
Kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo lwezokuphepha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakwa kusebenza ezimeni ezifanele futhi akubi kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izinto ezakha uhlelo lwezokuphepha yilezi:
Imikhumbi yokwandisa
Njengoba sazi, njengoba amanzi enyusa izinga lokushisa kwawo, kanjalo nevolumu yawo. Ngakho-ke, kunesici esidingekayo esikwazi ukwamukela lokhu kukhuphuka kwevolumu njengoba uketshezi lokudlulisa ukushisa lukhula. Imikhumbi yokwandisa isetshenziselwa lokhu. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezingilazi: ezivulekile nezivaliwe. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yilezo ezivaliwe.
Amaphayiphu okuphepha
Amaphayiphu asetshenziselwa ukulawula ingcindezi. Lapho inani lengcindezi elibekwe kunqubo yokulinganisa lifinyelelwa, i-valve ikhipha uketshezi ukuvimbela ingcindezi ukuthi ifinyelele emikhawulweni engaba yingozi.
UGlycol
I-Glycol iyi-fluid ekahle yokuhambisa ukushisa kokufakwa okushisayo kwelanga. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kube njalo i-antifreeze fluid, ngoba ezindaweni lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, ukubanda kwamanzi kumasekethe kungonakalisa konke ukufakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi kufanele lungabi nobuthi, hhayi ukubilisa, hhayi ukubola, lube namandla okushisa aphezulu, akumele kuchitheke futhi lube nokonga. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amandla ngeke abe nenzuzo.
Okufanelekile ekufakweni kwalolu hlobo ukuba nephesenti lamanzi angama-60% no-40% we-glycol.
Amasinki okushisa
Njengoba ezikhathini eziningi amanzi ashisa ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukuba nama-heatsinks avimbela lokhu kufudumeza okuyingozi. Kukhona ama-heatsinks ama-static, abalandeli, njll.
Izicupho
Izicupho ziyakwazi ukukhipha umoya onqwabelana ngaphakathi kwamasekethe futhi ongadala izinkinga ezinkulu ekusebenzeni kokufakwa. Ngenxa yalaba bahlanza lo moya ungakhishwa.
Ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo
Yinto eyenza konke kusebenze kahle, ngoba icabanga ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo okulinganisa amazinga okushisa kumapaneli, amathangi, izinhlelo, ukwenziwa kwesinki yokushisa kagesi (uma lolu hlelo lukhona), uhlelo, ukulawula ipompo, njll.
Ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngamandla elanga ashisayo kanye nezicelo zawo.