Umphakathi uyaqhubeka nokuphikisana ngokuthi ngabe kuwukuhlakanipha yini ukungabhebi kakhulu kumandla avuselelekayo (amandla elanga, umoya phakathi kwabanye). Ubuchwepheshe bamandla sebudlula ohulumeni besigamu somhlaba futhi basendleleni yokuguqula le mpikiswano ibe yinto ephelelwe yisikhathi ngokuphelele.
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu noma izithiyo amanye amandla avuselelekayo anezindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zokutshala imali. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kombiko omusha ovela ku-GTM Research, amanani entengo yokufakwa kwamandla elanga azoqhubeka ukwehla aze afike kuma-27% ngonyaka ka-2022. I-Iran ngokwesilinganiso eyehlisa amanani ngo-4,4% ngokwesilinganiso iye kuma-27%.
Intengo yamandla elanga iyehla
Umbiko wenza isibikezelo ngamanani wezinhlelo ze-solar photovoltaic. Kuyo, kungabonakala umkhuba oqhubekayo onomthelela ekwehleni kwamanani wemiklamo yelanga. Lezi zintengo ngeke zehliswe ngentengo kuphela ngenxa yokwehla kwentengo yamamojula, kodwa futhi ngabatshalizimali abashibhile, abalandeli, ngisho nezindleko zabasebenzi.
Zonke izifunda ezingakhetha amandla avuselelekayo zizozuza kulokhu kwehla kwentengo. Amanani entengo asanda kuqoshwa aqhamuke eNdiya, lapho uhlelo lwendali lwaleliya lizwe belukhiqizwa ngokungaguquguquki futhi okuholele kumabhidi ancintisana kakhulu. Lokhu kudale ukuthi amanani entengo abe ngaphansi naphansi.
Lezi yizindaba ezinhle kubo bonke labo bantu abakhetha amandla avuselelekayo wokukhiqiza amandla. Ngabe lesi kuzoba yisinyathelo esisha sokuguquka ekuguqulweni kwamandla kuye ekuveleni kokuvuselelekayo?
Konke lokhu kuhle, kepha akwenele. Uma amandla elanga efuna ukuba ngumdlali womhlaba jikelele, kufanele kube njalo inenzuzo enkulu kuneminye imithombo yamandla yesikhashana: Njengamanje sekuvele, ngaphezu kwalokho, emazweni angaphezu kwama-50, amandla elanga angamandla ashibhe kunawo wonke.
Impi yamandla iseminyakeni engama-20 ngaphambili
Yize ngokujwayelekile sibheka intengo yokukhiqiza ngehora le-kilowatt ngayinye, leyo akuyona intengo ethakazelisa kakhulu yokutholwa yamandla avuselelekayo. Okungenani, kumongo ofana nowamanje lapho okuvuselelwa kungenayo imixhaso yokukhokhela imali.
Izinhlelo zamandla ezinezakhiwo ezinkulu ekutshalweni zenziwa ngeminyaka eminingana yokulindela, noma amashumi eminyaka. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani ukwamukelwa okuvuselelekayo kuhamba kancane: uma isakhi senuzi, igesi, amalahle (noma olunye uhlobo) sekwakhiwe, akunakwenzeka ukusivala kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yaso. Ukube bekunjalo, ngokujwayelekile nnoma utshalomali luzotholwa, okuyinto engeke yenzeke ngenxa yezikhungo ezinkulu ezikhona laphaya.
Ngamanye amagama, uma sifuna ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ukwakheka kwemakethe yamandla kuzovela kanjani, kufanele sibheke ukuthi kubiza malini ukuqala amandla ngamunye kusukela ekuqaleni. Inzuzo yesikhathi esifushane naphakathi yezitshalo zamandla ibalulekile esinqumweni sokugcina sosomabhizinisi nosopolitiki; Noma, ngenye indlela, amandla ashibhile ukukhiqiza futhi adinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kakhulu awusoze wamukelwa.
Amandla elanga angancintisana nanoma ngubani
Ngokwemibiko eminingana evela emzimbeni ongaphezu koyedwa, embonini yamandla: «Amandla elanga angaxhaswanga aqala ukukhipha amalahle negesi yemvelo emakethe Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphrojekthi amasha elanga ezimakethe ezisafufusa abiza ngaphansi kunomoya.
Futhi, impela, cishe emazweni angama-XNUMX asafufusa intengo emaphakathi yokufakwa kwelanga kwakudingeka ukukhiqiza i-megawatt ngayinye sekuvele kwehlele ku- $ 1.650.000, ngaphansi kwe-1.660.000 izindleko zamandla omoya.
Njengoba sikwazi ukubona kwigrafu eyedlule, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kucace bha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amazwe asafufusa, okuyiwona jikelele anenani elanda kakhulu ekukhishweni kwe-CO2.
Bathole indlela yokukhiqiza ugesi ngentengo yokuncintisana nangendlela evuseleleka ngokuphelele.
Intengo yamandla elanga vs intengo yamalahle
Lo nyaka ukhombise umjaho wamandla elanga kuzo zonke izici, selokhu kwavela ubuchwephesheEzindalini lapho izinkampani ezizimele zincintisana ngalezo zinkontileka ezinkulu zokuphakelwa kukagesi, inyanga nenyanga irekhodi lisethelwe ugesi welanga oshibhile.
Ngonyaka odlule uqale inkontileka ye- khiqiza ugesi ngo- $ 64 nge-MW / ngehora ngalinye evela ezweni laseNdiya. Isivumelwano esisha ngo-Agasti sehlise lesi sibalo saba yisibalo esimangalisayo sokuqeda nje $ 29 amamegawathi isikhathi eChile. Leyo mali iyingqophamlando ngokwezindleko zikagesi, icishe ibe ngu- 50% eshibhile kunentengo enikezwa ngamalahle.
Nombiko Izindleko Ezilinganisiwe Zamandla (Izindleko ezibekiwe zobuchwepheshe obuhlukile bamandla, ngaphandle koxhaso). Kutholakala ukuthi unyaka nonyaka, kuvuselelwa kabusha ashibhile kanti ajwayelekile abiza kakhulu.
Futhi ukuthambekela kwezindleko kungukuthi ngaphezu kokucaca 😀
Yebo, ngithenge ama-panels namabhethri ku-2015 futhi manje ngiyawafuna ku-inthanethi futhi ngentengo efanayo noma nge-MORE EXPENSIVE. Imodeli efanayo, uphawu, umthamo ... Kungenzeka kanjani?