Imegawathi yinxalenye yomlinganiselo wamandla ombane. Utshintsho kwiimarike zombane wehoseyile lunokubangela ukuthandabuza kwimpembelelo yabo kwityala lombane, kwaye kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yintoni esinokuyenza imihla ngemihla ukuze utshintsho lubonakale kancinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Abantu abaninzi abazi yintoni imegawathi.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela ukuba yintoni i-megawatt, zeziphi iimpawu zayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwibhilidi yombane.
yintoni imegawathi
Ukuqonda ukuba yintoni le yunithi yokulinganisa kunye nemilinganiselo yayo, kufuneka siqale kwiyunithi esisiseko: i-watt. I-watt yiyunithi yokulinganisa umbane kwiNkqubo yeeYunithi zaMazwe ngaMazwe. Iyunithi ye-watt ilingana nokuvelisa i-joule ye-1 ngesibini (1J / s) kwaye inoxanduva lokulinganisa isantya sokuguqulwa kwamandla.
Xa ingqikelelo icacile, sinokuphinda-phinda ubunzima kwezi yunithi ngendlela efanayo naleyo siyenza ngayo ngeemitha neekhilomitha okanye ngeelitha neekhilolitha. Ngoko ke, i-megawatt yiyunithi yamandla elingana nesigidi seewatts. I-megawatt-yure yiyunithi yokulinganisa, kwaye nangona iyiyunithi esetyenziselwa ukubonisa amaxabiso kwintengiso yehoseyile, ayiyoyunithi efanayo eboniswa kwityala lakho lombane.
Intlawulo yombane ibonakaliswe kwii-kilowatt-iiyure ezimele ukusetyenziswa kombane kwikhaya ngalinye, oko kukuthi, i-1000 watt-yure idliwe. Kutheni le nto incitshiswa ibe yi-kilowatts endaweni yeeyure ze-megawatt ezisetyenzisiweyo? Inyaniso kukuba indlu eqhelekileyo eSpain idla malunga ne-300 kilowatts ngosuku, ngaphantsi kwe-megawatt enye (MWh).
Ingaba ilichaphazela njani ityala lombane?
Ixabiso le-kWh lichaza imali ekufuneka umthengi ngamnye ayihlawule kwisixa samandla asetyenzisiweyo. U-Selectra wachaza ukuba kubathengi kwimarike yamahhala, ixabiso nge-kWh nganye liya kuxhomekeka kwixabiso lombane kunye nohlobo lomthengisi ovunyelweneyo, ngelixa kubathengi kwimarike elawulwayo (iirhafu ze-PVPC) ixabiso nge-kWh nganye liya kuxhomekeka kwixabiso lombane. nge-kWh nganye Ixabiso leendleko ngeyure ye-megawathi, esekelwe kwinkqubo yombane ephunyezwa nguMphathiswa woShishino ngokusebenzisa "iphuli yamandla" apho kuthengwa khona kwaye kuthengiswa amandla.
Kwimeko yemarike elawulwayo, icandelo elithi "I-Invoicing of Energy Consumption" liya kubonisa oko abathengi kufuneka bahlawule ngokusetyenziswa kwabo kwangempela, kuxhomekeke kwixabiso lenkampani nge-kilowatt-yure okanye ixabiso elibekwe nge "Pool Pool".
Kubathengi bemarike elawulwayo, uMbutho wabaThengi kunye nabasebenzisi (i-OCU) uye wagxeka ukuba icandelo lokucalucalulwa kweeyure ezintathu (iincopho, iiflethi kunye neentlambo) ezaqala ukusebenza ngoJuni odluleyo azizange ziphule iindleko zamandla ngenxa yokuba ixabiso kwi-kWh nganye. yahlukile. KuMthetho oSayilwayo wokuSetyenziswa koMbane kufuneka kongezwe "uMthetho osaYilwayo woMbane weKhontrakthi", elixesha elimiselweyo lokuhlawula nokuba akukho kusetyenziswa. Kwakhona, kwimarike elawulwayo, unokukhetha phakathi kwamagunya amabini ngokuxhomekeke kwimikhwa yakho yokuchitha.
Ityala eliseleyo leleerhafu, iirhafu, kunye nezinye iintlawulo. Ngapha koko, ngaphambi kokuba amaxabiso egesi yendalo anyuke, iindleko zamandla zimele i-35% yebhili. Ngenxa yokuba malunga ne-15% yombane iyathuthwa kwaye isasazwe, kunokuthiwa imisebenzi eyimfuneko ngokungqongqo ekuboneleleni kombane (isizukulwana kunye nokuhanjiswa) ithatha kuphela i-50% yebhili.
Enye i-50% iya kwiirhafu (kancinci ngaphezu kwe-20% yetotali, kubandakanywa i-VAT kunye nerhafu yombane) kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo ezinxulumene nomgaqo-nkqubo wamandla: uncediso lwamandla avuselelekayo (18%), izibonelelo zeendleko ezongezelelweyo ze-Illes Balears kunye noThutho loMbane. kwiiCanary Islands (4%), i-amortization yentsilelo yenzala yembali (3%) kunye noncedo kwenye ipesenti (5%). Oko kukuthi, isiqingatha somthetho oyilwayo yindleko ephambili yezopolitiko ukunciphisa iindleko zayo.
Funda ngakumbi malunga ne-megawatt onokuyigcina
U-Podo ubonisa ukuba kwindlu, phantse i-50 ekhulwini yokusetyenziswa ivela kwi-air conditioning kunye nezixhobo zokufudumeza, ngelixa iipesenti ezingama-23 zihambelana nezixhobo kunye nezibane. Ngoko ke, ukugcina amandla angama-60%, inkampani yamandla incoma ukusebenzisa i-oven microwave esikhundleni se-oven yendabuko, egcina ixesha. Olunye lotshintsho oluya kuba nempembelelo enkulu ekunciphiseni intlawulo yombane kukutshintsha ukusuka kwiibhalbhu zesintu ukuya kwezo zisetyenziswa kancinci. Ukuba ungumxhasi wemarike elawulwayo, eyona ndlela ingcono yokonga kukujolisa indlela oyisebenzisa ngayo kwiiyure apho umbane unexabiso eliphantsi.
Uluhlu lwexabiso leMegawathi
Ixabiso le-megawatt lixhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwixabiso le-kilowatt-yure yanamhlanje, elibhekiselele kwiindleko zombane wekhontrakthi, ezichazwe ngokuchanekileyo kwiikilowatts (kW). Oku kugqiba ukuba zingaphi izixhobo onokuthi uzidibanise ngexesha elinye, oko kukuthi, kumisela umda wamandla ongenakukwazi ukuwudlula, ukuthintela ukhokelo ekuxhumeni, ngoko kufuneka ucinge malunga nokuba uchitha kangakanani na ukwazi ukuba ungakanani amandla owasebenzisayo. Kufuneka wenze ikhontrakthi yekhaya lakho okanye isivumelwano seshishini.
Uluhlu lwangoku lwexabiso le-kilowatt-hour, kunye noluhlu lwexabiso le-megawatt, lusekelwe kwinkqubo yombane ephunyezwa nguMphathiswa wezoShishino ngokusebenzisa "iphuli yamandla" apho kuthengwa khona kwaye kuthengiswa amandla. Iinkampani ezijongene neenkonzo zamandla oluntu zithengisa kwii-kilowatt-iiyure, kodwa amandla emarike, iinkampani ezinkulu, zinquma amaxabiso athengiswayo, kwaye uRhulumente nguye olawula amaxabiso okuthengisa. Emva koko, Ukufumanisa ukuba iyure ye-megawatt ixabisa kangakanani na, kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezininzi.
Kulo mzekelo kucetyiswa ukuba kungabikho ukukhanya okukhulu kwekhontrakthi ukuba ayimfuneko kwimihla ngemihla. Amandla asezantsi, ixabiso lesibane se-kW lisezantsi. Ngoko kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, kulungele kakhulu ukugcina ngokusemandleni njengoko sincoma kwiblogi (umzekelo, iindleko azifani kumntu omnye njengoko kunjalo kwintsapho enabantwana ababini), kunye nendlela ofanele ukuzisebenzisa ngayo izixhobo zakho zombane, kuba ezinye izixhobo zombane zisebenzisa kakhulu kunezinye, kwaye kukho iindlela zokwenza ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwakho kusebenze ngakumbi kwaye kungabizi mali, ukwazi ukuba leliphi ixesha eliphantsi kwaye ulisebenzise kusetyenziso lwakho.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni i-megawatt kunye neziphi iimpawu zayo