Inkqubo yethu yelanga yenziwe yinkwenkwezi ephambili eyaziwa ngokuba lilanga. Ngombulelo elangeni ukuba iplanethi yomhlaba inokuba namandla aneleyo ngohlobo lokukhanya kunye nobushushu. Abantu abaninzi abazi kakuhle yintoni ilanga Ngokwenene. Yinkwenkwezi ejongene neemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo, imisinga yolwandle, amaxesha onyaka. Kwaye ukuba yinkwenkwezi ejongene neemeko zobomi kwiplanethi yethu inokunikwa.
Ke ngoko, siza kulinikela eli nqaku ukuze likuxelele ukuba yintoni ilanga, iimpawu zalo kunye nemisebenzi eyifezayo kokubini kwindalo iplanethi yethu.
Liyintoni ilanga
Into yokuqala kukwazi ukuba yintoni ilanga kunye nemvelaphi yalo. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba ngowona mzimba ubalulekileyo wasezulwini kuthi nakwezinye izidalwa ukuze sisinde. Zininzi izinto ezenza ilanga, kwaye Kuqikelelwa ukuba njengoko ikhula, baqala ukudibana phantsi komxhuzulane. Isenzo somxhuzulane sibangela ukuba izinto ziqokelele kancinci kancinci kwaye ngenxa yoko, iqondo lobushushu liyonyuka.
Ixesha lafika xa iqondo lobushushu laliphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba lafikelela kwisigidi seedigri Celsius. Ngeli xesha, iqondo lobushushu kunye nomxhuzulane zaqala ukubumba amandla enyukliya kunye nomcimbi odibeneyo, kukhokelela kwiinkwenkwezi ezizinzileyo esizaziyo namhlanje.
Izazinzulu zibanga ukuba isiseko selanga kuko konke ukusabela kwenyukliya okwenzeka kwi-reactor. Ilanga eliqhelekileyo sinokulithatha njengenkwenkwezi eqhelekileyo, nokuba ubunzima bayo, irediyasi kunye nezinye iipropathi zigqithile kwinqanaba leenkwenkwezi. Singatsho ukuba zezi mpawu ezenza ukuba ibe kuphela kweplanethi kunye nenkqubo yeenkwenkwezi enokuxhasa ubukho bobomi. Okwangoku asazi ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lobomi ngaphandle kwenkqubo yelanga.
Abantu bebesoloko benomdla kwilanga nangona bengenakho ukulijonga ngqo, benze iindlela ezininzi zokulifunda. Ukujongwa kwelanga kwenziwa ngeeteleskopu esele zikho emhlabeni. Namhlanje, kunye nenkqubela phambili yesayensi kunye netekhnoloji, iisathelayithi ezingezizo ezenziweyo zingasetyenziselwa ukufunda ilanga. Ukusebenzisa i-spectrum, uyakwazi ukwakheka kwelanga. Enye indlela yokufunda le nkwenkwezi yimeteorite. Le yimithombo yolwazi kuba igcina ukwakhiwa kwangempela kwelifu leprostostar.
Izixhobo
Ilanga lethu limile okwexeshana ngokungafaniyo nokwenzekayo kwezinye iinkwenkwezi kwindalo iphela. Ukuba siyayibona le nkwenkwezi kwiplanethi yethu, sinokujonga idiski ejikeleze ngokugqibeleleyo. Ekubunjweni kwelanga sibona izinto ezininzi kakhulu ezifana nehydrogen kunye ne helium. Ubungakanani bayo be-angular bumalunga nesiqingatha sedigri ukuba umlinganiso uthathwe kwiplanethi yethu.
Indawo iyonke imalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-700.000, eqikelelwa ngokobungakanani beekona zayo. Ukuba sithelekisa ubungakanani bayo nobungakanani beplanethi yethu, sifumanisa ukuba ubukhulu bayo buphantse bube li-109 ubukhulu bomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, ilanga lisahlelwa njengenkwenkwezi encinci.
Ukufumana iyunithi yokulinganisa kwindalo iphela, umgama phakathi kwelanga nomhlaba uphathwa njengeyunithi yeenkwenkwezi. Ubunzima belanga bunokulinganiswa ngokukhawulezisa okufunyanwa xa umhlaba usondela kuwo. Njengoko sonke sisazi, le nkwenkwezi ifumana amava omsebenzi wexeshana, onxulumene nomazibuthe. Ukuxinana kwelanga kuncinci kakhulu kunokwasemhlabeni. Kungenxa yokuba iinkwenkwezi zizinto ezinobisi.
Olunye lweempawu ezidumileyo zelanga kukukhanya kwalo. Ichazwa njengamandla anokuthi akhutshwe ngeyunithi yexesha. Amandla elanga alingana ngaphezu kwe-10 aphakanyisiweyo ukuya kwi-kilowatts ezingama-23. Ngokuchaseneyo, amandla aqaqambileyo ebhalbhu yesibane esaziwayo engaphantsi kwe-0,1 kilowatts.
Ubushushu obusebenzayo belanga malunga nama-6000 degrees. Eli liqondo lobushushu eliphakathi, nangona undoqo kunye nomphezulu ziindawo ezishushu. Kukho amaxesha apho isaqhwithi selanga sihlaselwa kwiplanethi yethu kwaye ukuba bekungekho kumhlaba womazibuthe woMhlaba, inkqubo yethu yonxibelelwano inokonakala kakhulu.
Ubume bangaphakathi belanga
Nangona kusenokubonakala kunzima ukufundisisa, oososayensi bafumene indlela yokufunda ubume belanga. Ithathwa njengenkwenkwezi emfutshane etyheli. Ukuba inkulu kakhulu ngobukhulu, kwenziwa iinzame zokuqhuba isifundo sayo ngokwahlulahlula ngaphakathi ubume bayo bangama-6. Ukuhanjiswa kwamanqanaba kuqhutywa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu kwaye kuqala ngaphakathi. Siza kudwelisa ukuba zithini iindawo ezahlukileyo zokukhanya kwelanga kunye neempawu zazo:
- Umxholo: Ngumbindi welanga apho zonke iinyukliya ziqala khona. Ubukhulu bayo bumalunga nesihlanu selanga liphela. Kukule ndawo apho onke amandla akhutshwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu aveliswayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iqondo lobushushu lifikelele kumaxabiso ezigidi ezili-15 zeedigri Celsius. Ngapha koko, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kumbindi welanga luyenza ukuba ibe sisiseko esilingana nesokubuyisana kwenyukliya.
- Indawo enemitha: Amandla avela kwi-nucleus asasazeka kwimitha ye-radiation. Kule nkalo, zonke izinto ezikhoyo zikwimo yeplasma. Iqondo lobushushu apha alikho phezulu njengombindi womhlaba, kodwa lifikelele kwizigidi ezi-5 zikaKelvin. Amandla aguqulwa aba ziifotoni, ezidluliswayo kwaye ziphinde ziphinde ziphinde zenziwe ngamanye amasuntswana enza iplasma.
- Indawo esebenzayo: Ngummandla ogqithiselwa ngamandla ngenxa yokuhanjiswa kwamandla. Imicimbi ayifani ne-ionized, kodwa inendawo apho iifotoni zifikelela kwindawo yemitha kwaye iqondo lobushushu limalunga nezigidi ezibini zeekelvins. Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kuqhutyelwa ngumbambano kunye neentshukumo ezahlukeneyo zerhasi zenzeka.
- Ifoto: Yinxalenye esiyibonayo ngeliso lenyama. Ingabonwa ngeteleskopu kodwa kufuneka ubenecebo lokucoca ulwelo ukuze ingachaphazeli umbono wakho.
- Ubuchwephesha: Ngowona maleko ungaphandle, onokuba yimoya yawo. Ukukhanya kwabo kubomvu kwaye banobukhulu obungafaniyo.
- ICorona: Ngumaleko ongaqhelekanga owolula imitha yelanga. Ubushushu bayo zizigidi ezibini zekelvin.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nokuba liyintoni ilanga kunye neempawu zalo.