Ukuba ungomnye wabo bachaphazelekayo ngemekobume, uya kufuna ukwazi ukuba kanjani phinda usebenzise iplastiki. Sithetha ngohlobo lwenkunkuma eveliswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Injalo impembelelo yayo emhlabeni ukuba iyinyani iziqithi zeplastiki elwandle. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uyazi kakuhle into ekufuneka uyenze kwakhona kwiiplastikhi kunye noko kungenjalo.
Kweli nqaku siza kukufundisa ngendlela yokusebenzisa kwakhona iplastiki ngendlela echanekileyo ukuze ungaze uphinde ubhideke.
Yintoni erisayikilishwa kwakhona evela kwiplastiki
Ukuchonga ngokwenene ukuba yintoni iplastiki kunye nento engekhoyo, kufuneka sijonge kwezinye ukuphinda usebenzise iisimboli. Kukho iikhowudi zokuchonga ukuba ngaba izinto zenziwe ngeplastiki okanye hayi. ikhowudi ihlela izinto, ke kufuneka ziphawulwe ngophawu kunye nenani elihambelanayo.
Njengoko uya kuqaphela, kukho ubuninzi beeplastiki ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kuyinto efanayo ekupheleni kosuku, ukwakheka kwayo kwahluke ngokupheleleyo. Inkqubo yokurisayikilisha yeplastiki ilula. Ngokwesiqhelo kwenziwa kwizinto zokurisayikilisha izityalo kwaye kulapho kunakho ukukhethwa okanye okungenakho ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona. Olunye lonyango oluqhelekileyo esinalo ekubuyiseleni iplastikhi kukwahlulahlula ngohlobo lwentlaka ebikhe yasetyenziselwa ukuzenza.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwinkqubo yokubuyisela kwakhona ukususa ukungcola. Kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yokurisayikilisha, ukungcola kufuneka kususwe kuba iplastiki kuphela kwento esinomdla kuyo, kule meko. Nje ukuba ukungcola kususwe, ziyacolwa zanyibilika ukuze zixube yonke intlaka. Ekupheleni kwale nxalenye, kuya kubakho iibhola zentlaka ezaziswa koomatshini abohlukeneyo ukwenza iibhotile ezintsha okanye iibhokisi zeplastiki.
Le plastiki isetyenzisiweyo inokusetyenziswa nje ukuba ibuyele kumjikelo wobomi weemveliso. Phantse nayiphi na ibhotile, ibhokisi, ingqayi okanye into yokudlala oyichukumisayo inokuba yibhotile erisayikilishwe. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukuba ibhotile oyiphosa kuyo isitya esimthubi iphela iyenye ibhotile emva kwenkqubo yokurisayikilisha.
Ukwahlulahlula xa kusetyenzwa kwakhona ngeplastiki
Zizahlelwa njani iibhotile, ikarafi, iingxowa, njl. Yinto ebalulekileyo xa kufikwa ekwahluleni kakuhle ukuphinda usebenzise into efanelekileyo. Iplastiki yebhotile ayifani naleyo yengxowa. Ukwenzela ukwahlula umahluko kwimathiriyeli xa kusetyenzwa kusetyenzwa kwakhona ngeplastikhi, kukho ikhowudi yokuhlela encedisa ekurisayikelweni kwayo.
Iikhowudi ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki esizifumanayo zezi zilandelayo:
- PET okanye PETE. Le yinombolo 1 kwikhowudi. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-polyethylene terephthalate. Le nto ikhoyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kuba isoda, ijusi kunye neebhotile zamanzi zenziwe ngolu hlobo lweplastiki.
- HDPE. Oku kuthetha ukuxinana okuphezulu kwe-polyethylene. Inombolo ngu-2 kwaye sifumana iiplastiki ezinokuxhathisa okuphezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo ziiplastiki ezisetyenziselwa ukucoca iimveliso, izinto zokuthambisa okanye iitetrabricks ezidumileyo zokutya.
- I-PVC. I-polyvinyl chloride eyaziwayo nayo iyiplastiki kwaye iyinombolo 3. Zezona plastics ziyingozi zifumaneka kwimibhobho, iigatha, iibhotile kunye neempahla zeemveliso zokucoca kunye neentambo.
- LDPE. I-polyethylene ephantsi. Imele inani le-4 kwaye ukuba nobunzulu obuphantsi bunobunkunkqele ngakumbi. Ngokwesiqhelo isetyenziselwa ukugoba iplastiki ethambileyo, iibhegi kunye neebhotile.
- I-PP. Kuyinto ezinepolypropylene. Imelwe linani lesi-5 kwaye ibambe uxinzelelo kancinci. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwishishini leemoto ekwenziweni kwento yokwenza. Isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweebhotile.
- PS. Yipolystyrene. Zizinto zokwambathisa eziphawulwe ngenombolo 6. Isetyenziselwa ukupakisha amagwebu asetyenziswa kwizixhobo zasekhaya.
- abanye. Ziphawulwe ngenani u-7 okanye u-O. Zonke zahlukile kwezingaphambili, kuba zihlala zinomxube wee-resins ngaxeshanye. Ezi azinakuphinda zisebenze kwakhona kuba yinkqubo enzima ngakumbi. Unotshe amanqaku acocekileyo Eziplastikhi zamkelwe okoko ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kube nzima. Zingasetyenziswa kwakhona, kodwa zingaphinde zisetyenziswe kwakhona.
Iiplastikhi ezinokuphinda zisebenze kwakhona kwaye zeziphi ezingenakho ukuphinda zisetyenziswe
Ukucacisa amathandabuzo eeplastikhi esinokuthi siphinde sisebenzise kwakhona ngaphandle kwengxaki, siza kuzidwelisa. Zonke ezo ziphawulwe ngekhowudi ye-RIC ziyasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokurisayikilisha. Singaziphosa ngokugqibeleleyo kwindawo ecocekileyo okanye kwisitya esimthubi.
Yonke into eneebhotile, iiglasi, iipleyiti, iitreyi, ikarafesi, iminqwazi, njl. Inokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona ngokuyifaka kwisitya esimthubi. Ke ukuba le yeyona ilula, kutheni kukho amathandabuzo amaninzi xa kuziwa ekurisayikelweni kweplastiki? Kungenxa yokuba kukho izinto ezahlukeneyo ezingenakuphinda zenziwe ngendlela esazi ngayo.
Xa siza kulahla into esingayiqhelanga ukunyanga okanye ukusebenzisa, sinikwa umbuzo wento umgqomo wokurisayikilisha kufuneka siyigalele. Ukucacisa la mathandabuzo, siza kwalatha iiplastiki ezingafunekiyo ukuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe.
- Iiplastikhi ezixutywe nezinye izinto. Umzekelo, i-aluminium evela kumayeza amancinci, iglu, njl. Isalathi kukuba kunzima ukwahlula iplastiki kwenye into.
- Izinto ezenziwe ngamanye ama-resin. Umzekelo, enye ifanitshala yangaphandle ayinakuphinda isetyenziswe nokuba inezinto zeplastiki.
- Iiplastikhi ezonakaliswe lilanga. Ezi zixhobo chip lula. Ukuwachukumisa kunokuwaphula ngokulula okanye ukuwasika. Oku akuvumeli iipropathi ukuba zisetyenziselwe ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezintsha.
- Ezinye iiplastiki ezinombala. Ezi zezi zinemibala ethile eguqula ubume beplastiki ngokupheleleyo. Oku akululanga kuba ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwemisonto koomatshini ababangela ukuba babambeke.
Njengoko ubona, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona iiplastiki kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuba sifuna ukuthatha ithuba lazo zonke izinto. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda okuninzi malunga nokurisayikilisha kweeplastiki.