I-World Wind Energy Council (GWEC) iqikelela ukuba ngo-2017 izakufaka ngaphezulu kwama-60.000 Umoya MW emhlabeni kunye nokuba ufakelo lonyaka iya kunyuka ibe malunga ne-75.000 MW ngonyaka kwi-2021.
Ngokwengxelo ye-Global Wind Market Report eboniswe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo eNew Delhi, kulindeleke ukuba loo nyaka (2021) the Isimbuku semamegawathi omoya ewonke kufakelwe ukufikelela kuma-800.000, anokuphinda kabini amandla akhoyo ngoku.
Ngokwengxelo, ngo-2016 kufakelwe ngaphezulu kwamandla angama-54.000 MW omoya wamandla omoya kumazwe angaphezu kwama-90, kuwo ali-9 (kubandakanya iSpain) afakwe ngaphezulu kwe-10.000 MW kunye ne-29 badlule kwi-1.000 XNUMX MW. Umthamo oqokelelweyo wehlabathi ukhule nge-12,6% kunyaka ophelileyo, ukuya kwi-486.000 MW efakiweyo.
Injongo 2050
NgokukaSteve Sawyer, uNobhala Jikelele we-GWEC “La eólica khuphisana ngempumelelo Okwangoku kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji ezixhaswe kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, ukwakha amashishini amatsha, ukudala amakhulu emisebenzi, kunye nokukhokelela kwindlela eya ikamva lezamandla”. '' Kuya kufuneka sifezekise inkqubo ye-zero ekhupha amandla ngaphambi ko-2050 ukuba sifuna ukuthobela utshintsho lwemozulu kunye neenjongo zophuhliso, utshilo.
Umoya khuphisana ngempumelelo namhlanje kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji ezixhaswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, zakha amashishini amatsha, zenza amakhulu amawaka emisebenzi kwaye ikhokelela kwikamva lezamandla, "utshilo uSteve Sawyer, uNobhala Jikelele we-GWEC. '' Kuya kufuneka siphumelele kwinkqubo ye-zero-emission energy ngo-2050 ukuba sifuna ukuthobela utshintsho lwemozulu kunye neenjongo zophuhliso ”, ubanga ngelitshoyo.
Ukungena komoya
Amanqanaba okungena komoya ayaqhubeka ukwanda kwihlabathi, ekhokelwa ngu IDenmark nge40%, ilandelwa yiUruguay, iPortugal kunye neIreland ngaphezulu kwama-20%, iSpain neCyprus malunga ne-20%, iJamani i-16%, i-China ine-4%, EUnited States I-5,5% kunye neCanada nge-6%.
Amaxabiso asezantsi asezantsi okwangoku Ifandesi yomoya yonxweme eYurophu bonyusa kwakhona imakethi yomoya yaseYurophu, ethe tyaba kumaxesha akutshanje, kunye nokutsala umdla wabalawuli kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngamaxesha onke ngokwengxelo, iYurophu iya kuqhubeka ukukhokela umoya oselunxwemeni, nangona amanye amazwekazi njenge-Asia okanye uMntla Melika ayizukuthatha thuba lide Joyina ipati. Nangona kunjalo, i-Asiya iya kuba lilizwekazi eliza kukhokelela ekukhuleni komoya, i-China kunye ne-India zikhokele phambili. Intshona Melika izakulandela kwaye i-Yuropu iya kuqhubeka "ikhuselekile ukuba imatshi ngokungathandekiyo" ukuya kwiinjongo ze-2020. Kwi-Latin America, kwaye ngaphandle kweengxaki zezopolitiko nezoqoqosho zase-Brazil, amanye amazwe akule ngingqi akhule ukuzalisa isithuba, ngakumbi i-Uruguay, iChile neArgentina.
I-Afrika izakuba nonyaka omkhulu ngowama-2017, ikhokelwa yiKenya, uMzantsi Afrika neMorocco. Ostreliya, emva kokupholaKubonakala ngathi iyavela kwakhona ngeeprojekthi kule minyaka mihlanu izayo.
Eyona injini yomoya inamandla ehlabathini
Isiganeko sokugqibela kule nkalo sisandula ukubhengezwa yinkampani, umanyano phakathi kwelizwe laseDenmark IVestas kunye neMitsubishi yaseJapan eyaziwa ngokuba yiMhivestasoffshore.
Baqulunqe umfuziselo wohlobo lweI-9 MW yomvelisi wonxweme yamandla, efakwe kunxweme lwaseDenmark, ekwazi ukuvelisa kwiiyure nje ezingama-24 isixa samandla esilingana nento enokutyiwa likhaya eUnited States kangangeminyaka engamashumi amabini. Yenzelwe ngokukodwa isantya somoya phakathi I-12 kunye ne-25 yeemitha ngomzuzwana.
Kwanele ukuphatha ikhaya iminyaka engama-66
NgokukaTorben UHvid Larsen, IVestas CTO:
"Wethu prototype isete enye irekhodi lesizukulwana, nge 216.000 kWh eveliswe kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24. Siqinisekile ukuba le turbine yomoya eyi-9 MW ibonakalise ukuba ikulungele ukuthengisa, kwaye sikholelwa ekubeni izakudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwehliseni amaxabiso omoya aselunxwemeni. "
Ngokwesiqhelo ukuthetha ngeekilowatts kunzima kwaye kungabonakali. Kodwa ngokwemibutho esemthethweni, Umyinge wokusetyenziswa kombane kwikhaya laseSpain ngama-3.250 kWh ngonyaka. Ubungakanani obuphakame kancinci kunomyinge wosetyenziso lwasekhaya lweedolophu kwizixeko eziphambili zoMzantsi Merika. Ukuthathela ingqalelo oku, usuku lwemveliso lunokubonelela ngombane kwikhaya eliqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-66.
Ukuze sikwazi ukufumana uluvo ngokubaluleka kophuhliso, sisixhobo somoya esilinganayo Iimitha ezili-220 ukuphakama (efana nesona sakhiwo siphakamileyo kwisixeko sase Madrid). Iibhloko zayo ezijikelezayo kwiRotor zingaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-83 ubude kwaye zinobunzima obungaphezu kweetoni ezingama-38.
Umzekelo ziphuhlisiwe kukuqhubela phambili kwimodeli ye-8 MW yangaphambili, efanayo nale ikwanayo kwi portfolio esinye isigebenga samandla omoya njengeJamani Siemens.