Siyazi ukuba abantu bakhulisa amandla ahlaziyekayo ngokuxhuma kunye nemida. Zizo ezingangcolisi imeko-bume kwaye zivumela ukufumana amandla emithombo angenamda. Phakathi kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, amandla elanga afumene ukubaluleka okukhulu kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje kunye nokukhula okubonakalayo kwihlabathi liphela. Kwaye zininzi izibonelelo zamandla elanga ngokubhekisele kwezinye iintlobo ezinokuhlaziywa.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela malunga nezibonelelo zamandla elanga kunye nokuba libaluleke kangakanani kwikamva lamandla.
Yintoni amandla elanga
Ukuze sazi izibonelelo zamandla elanga, kufuneka sazi ukuba yintoni kwaye zeziphi iintlobo zamandla elanga ezikhoyo. Kuqala ukwazi ukuba yintoni umthombo ovuselelekayo wamandla ofunyenwe ngelanga nalapho kunokwenziwa khona ubushushu nombane kulo naluphi na uhlobo lokusetyenziswa. Nangona ingumthombo ozinzileyo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ayikho ngaphandle komqobo wayo, ikwachaphazela ubungakanani kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Ifunyenwe ngokuthe ngqo kwimitha efikelela kwiplanethi yethu ukusuka elangeni nokuba ikukukhanya, ubushushu okanye imitha yelanga. Kuxhomekeka ekubeni amandla elanga abanjani, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Amandla ombane
Njengoko igama layo lisitsho, luhlobo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwaye acocekileyo abandakanya ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukwenza umbane. Ngokungafaniyo neepaneli zelanga ezisetyenziselwa amandla ombane we-photovoltaic ukuvelisa umbane ukusuka kwiifoto zokukhanya ezifumaneka kwimitha yelanga, la mandla uthatha ithuba le radiation ukufudumeza ulwelo.
Xa imitha yelanga ihlasela ulwelo, iyalifudumeza kwaye olu lwelo lushushu lunokusetyenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukufumana umbono ongcono, I-20% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwesibhedlele, ihotele okanye ikhaya liyahambelana nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ashushu. Ngamandla obushushu elanga sinokuwafudumeza amanzi ngamandla elanga kwaye siwasebenzise ukuze, kweli candelo lamandla, akufuneki sisebenzise i-fossil okanye amanye amandla.
Amandla esola yelanga anegalelo ngendlela ephawulekayo yokunciphisa iindleko, kunye nolondolozo olulandelayo kumandla kunye ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 okubangela ukufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokudala utshintsho lwemozulu.
Amandla omlilo
Isebenzisa umbulelo wobushushu kubaqokeleli belanga abafumana imitha yelanga bayigqithisele kulwelo olusebenzayo. Isetyenziselwa ukufudumeza izakhiwo kunye namanzi, ukuhambisa oomatshini bomoya, ingqolowa eyomileyo, okanye ukutshabalalisa inkunkuma.
Photovoltaic Solar Amandla
Ukuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic, kufuneka ubambe iifoto zokukhanya ezinemitha yelanga kwaye uziguqule zibe ngumbane ukuze uzisebenzise. Oku kunokufezekiswa inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-photovoltaic ngokusebenzisa ipaneli yelanga.
Iphaneli yelanga inento ebalulekileyo iseli ye-photovoltaic. Esi sisixhobo semiconductor (esenziwe nge-silicon, umzekelo) esingadingi zinto zihambayo, akukho mafutha, okanye senza ingxolo.
Xa le seli ye-photovoltaic iqhubeka ngokukhanya, ithatha amandla afumaneka kwiifoto zokukhanya kwaye inceda ukuvelisa amandla, ibeka ii-elektroni ezibanjiswe ngumbane wombane wangaphakathi. Xa oku kusenzeka, ii-elektronon eziqokelelwe kumphezulu weseli ye-photovoltaic zivelisa umbane oqhubekayo.
Izinto eziluncedo zamandla elanga
Nje ukuba sazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamandla elanga, siza kubona ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo zokusebenzisa olu hlobo lwamandla:
- Amandla acocekileyo ngokupheleleyo Unceda ukunciphisa i-carbon footprint yakho kakhulu. Ndiyabulela ekusetyenzisweni kwayo siyakuphepha ukuvelisa iigesi zegreenhouse kwaye asingcolisi ngexesha lokuveliswa kwayo okanye ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwayo. Kukho ungcoliseko oluncinci kuphela xa kusenziwa iiphaneli zelanga.
- Ngumthombo wamandla ohlaziyekayo nozinzileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ngokungafaniyo namanye amandla ahlaziyekayo, La mandla anokufudumeza izinto.
- Ayifuni naluphi na uhlobo lokukhutshwa rhoqo kwezinto ukuze isebenze. Oku kuyenza ukuba ibe namandla angabizi kakhulu kutyalo-mali lokuqala olulula ukulufumana ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Kuyinyani ukuba enye yeengxaki eziphambili ezinokubakho kumandla ahlaziyekayo ukusukela oko yaqalayo yayilutyalo-mali lokuqala kunye nenqanaba lokubuya, nangona oku kungasenakubongwa kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji. Iphaneli yelanga inokuba nobomi obuluncedo kangangeminyaka engama-40.
- Ukukhanya kwelanga kuninzi kwaye kuyafumaneka Ke ukusetyenziswa kweephaneli zelanga kukhetho olunokubakho. Phantse nayiphi na indawo ngokweplanethi inokusebenzisa amandla elanga. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba enye yeenzuzo ezinkulu zamandla elanga kukuba ayifuni i-wiring. Oku kunceda ukufakelwa kwiindawo apho kunzima ukufaka ii-wiring.
- Olunye uncedo lwamandla elanga kukuba kunciphisa isidingo sokusebenzisa umbane ke iyanceda ukugcina izixhobo zendalo kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.
Iingxaki
Njengokuba kukho izibonelelo ezithile kumandla elanga, sikwanazo nezinye izinto ezingalunganga. Makhe sibone ukuba zintoni:
- Uye ukusebenza kancinci xa kuguqulwa amandla elanga kumandla ombane. Olu sebenzi lujikeleze iipesenti ezingama-25. Uphuhliso lobuchwephesha lujolise ekwandiseni oku kusebenza.
- Nangona ekuhambeni kwexesha kunokuba sisithuko, iindleko zokuqala ziphezulu kwaye ayifikeleleki kumntu wonke.
- Kuyimfuneko ukuba indawo yokufaka inkulu ukuze ikwazi ukuvelisa ngaphezulu amandla ombane. Kuya kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuba amandla ombane makhulu, kunzima ngakumbi ukufaka iiphaneli zelanga ngenxa yokungabikho kwendawo.
- Luhlobo lwamandla olungagungqiyo. Iyatshintsha yonke imini kwaye ayifumaneki ebusuku. Kuyo yonke imini iyatshintsha ngenxa yobungakanani belanga eliyifumanayo.
- Ukusebenza kweepaneli kuyehla kwiimeko ezithile zomoya ixesha elide lobushushu kunye nokufuma okanye ngamafu nenkungu.
- Ungcoliseko lukwayingxaki kumandla elanga. Kwaye kukuba kwizixeko ezinamaqondo aphezulu ongcoliseko lomoya ukusebenza kuyaphantsi kakhulu.
- Ngexesha lokuveliswa kweepaneli zelanga kukhutshwa isixa esikhulu segesi zegreenhouse kunye nenkunkuma enetyhefu. Oku kungalunganga okunokususwa kamva ngexesha lokusetyenziswa njengoko kunceda ukunciphisa kakhulu i-carbon footprint.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga nezibonelelo zamandla elanga.