Amandla esola Yenye yezinto ezivuselelekayo (ayitsho eyona nto iphambili) eye yaphuhliswa kwaye yasasazeka kwihlabathi lonke. Kukho izinto ezininzi eziluncedo kwaye ukuxhaphaza kwayo kuya kubiza ixabiso eliphantsi. Sinokufumana iipaneli zelanga kwiindawo ezininzi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha izibane zendlela zesola. Isibane sikawonke-wonke esihlawuliswa ngamandla avela elangeni emini kwaye sinikezela ngokukhanya kobugcisa ebusuku.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba basebenza njani kwaye zeziphi ezona zibane zintle zitalato kwizitrato?
Izibane zesitalato, into entsha
Izibane zikawonke-wonke zivelisa iindleko ezinkulu zebhunga ledolophu yommandla. Ukuveliswa kwamandla ombane okukhanyisa ngezibaso zefossil kwandisa inkcitho enikezelwe kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngezibane zesitalato zelanga le ngxaki inokunyamalala. Sithetha ngezibane zesitalato ezikwaziyo ukukhanyisa "simahla". Ngexesha lasemini bahlawuliswa ngamandla elanga abagcinayo ukuba bazakusebenzisa ebusuku.
Kuqhelekile ukubona izibane zasesitratweni ezixhotyiswa ngamandla elanga koohola bendlela nakwizitalato. Kwaye kukuba izibonelelo abazibonisayo azinakuthelekiswa nanto. Okokuqala, enkosi kuphuhliso lwamandla elanga kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, Isivumela ukuba sibe neepaneli zelanga ezisebenza ngokukuko, iibhetri kunye neebhalbhu zokukhanya. Ukukhula okukhulayo kwedolophu, kunesidingo sokukhanyisa ngakumbi. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuba la mandla avela kwizibaso, siya kuba sonyusa ungcoliseko nangakumbi.
Isidingo sokunciphisa i-CO2 kwiatmosfera sisenza ukuba sicinge ngeendlela ezicocekileyo ezinje ngezibane zasesitalatweni elanga. Basinika isiqinisekiso esihle esinomngcipheko omncinci wokophuka. Ezi zinto zinomdla wokubheja kwezi zibane zitalato.
Xa ehlotyeni iindleko zombane zezixhobo ezinemeko inyuka, Ezi iibhalbhu zinciphisa ukugcwala kulwabiwo lombane. Izinto ezenza izibane zesitrato zelanga zitshiphu kunezo zezibane zesitalato eziqhelekileyo. Nangona ukukhanya kwesitrato selanga ngokwako kubiza kakhulu kunokwesiqhelo, xa kufikwa kufakelo olwahlukileyo nolunzima, kunenzuzo ngakumbi. Bafuna kuphela ufakelo lweankile yomhlaba. Ayifuni naluphi na uhlobo lweentambo okanye uqhagamshelo kuba zizimele.
Umsebenzi kunye nezinto
Kunokuthiwa isibane esitalato ngasinye sisitishi samandla esincinci se-photovoltaic. Ngexesha losuku, ithatha amandla elangeni kwaye iwagcine kwibhetri. Xa kusihlwa, usebenzisa ukukhanya kwezi ndlela. Ilungile ngokuthe ngqo.
Ngokubhekisele kumacandelo, siza kuwahlalutya nganye nganye.
Iiphaneli zelanga zelanga
Lo ngumphefumlo wesibane. Yinto ephetheyo ukufumana amandla elangeni kunye nokuwuguqula ube ngumbane. Zibekwe phezulu kwisakhiwo ukubamba ukukhanya okungangoko kunokwenzeka. Enye yezinto ezingalunganga ezibangelwa yimeko yakho. Xa ubekwa kwindawo enezakhiwo ezide, Ezi zinokuba ngumthunzi, zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo.
Iiphaneli kufuneka zihlale zijolise kwi-ikhweyitha yoMhlaba kunye notyekelo olufanelekileyo lokukhulisa ukubanjwa. Kuxhomekeke kububanzi apho sikhoyo, kuyakuthatha ngaphezulu okanye kancinci ukutyekela.
Iibhetri
Iibhetri ziphethe ukugcina amandla afakwe kwiipaneli zelanga kunye nokuzisebenzisa ebusuku. Basebenza ngendlela efanayo naleyo ifunyenwe kwiipaneli eziqhelekileyo zelanga ze-photovoltaic. Kuxhomekeka kumvelisi, inokufakwa kuyo indawo ephezulu, phantsi kwepaneli okanye phantsi kwendawo ekhanyayo. Oku kubekwa kwenzelwa ukunqanda ukuphazanyiswa, nangona kwenza ukuba imisebenzi yolondolozo ibenzima.
Kuxhomekeke kwindawo apho ibekwe khona ibekwa kwindawo enye okanye kwenye. Ukuba siyibeka kwindlela yasedolophini, kunqabile ukuba abantu abangafunekiyo bayibambe okanye bayisebenzise. Basebenza ngamandla e-12 volts.
Izinto zolawulo
Ezi zinto zinoxanduva lokuhlengahlengisa nokwandisa ubungakanani bamandla asetyenzisiweyo naza agcinwa. Ukuvula nokucima kuzenzekelayo ukwenzela ukuba inkcitho engeyomfuneko ithintelwe. Oku kunegalelo ekwandisweni kobomi bezixhobo zeposi. Ulawulo lwezinto zolawulo lufezekiswa ngu:
- Izixhobo ezinakho ukwenza inkqubo yokukhanyisa nokucima kuxhomekeke kulwazi olungeniswe malunga nosuku. Oko kukuthi, kuxhomekeke kumaxesha okuphuma nokutshona kwelanga usuku ngalunye lonyaka kunye nendawo ezakubekwa kuyo.
- Iseli yefotoelectric Iyakwazi ukubona inqanaba lokukhanya okukhoyo ngalo mzuzu. Xa ukukhanya okuphantsi kufunyenwe, oko kuthetha ukuba ubusuku buyeza kwaye buvule. Ngokuchasene noko, xa iqala ukufumana ukukhanya ngakumbi, iyacima.
Kananjalo baneenkqubo zokucima ukhuseleko. Oku kusebenza ngeentsuku apho ibhetri ingakhange ikwazi ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Masicinge ukuba iintsuku ezininzi ezinamafu zidlulile apho ibhetri ibingenakuphuma khona. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba ayikhanyisi ebusuku ukuze ingonakalisi ibhetri ide iphele. Ukuba ibhetri idonsa kakhulu kwaye iphindaphinda, inokuyenza ingakwazi ukuphinda igcwalise kwakhona.
Xa ibhetri isezantsi kukwakho nenkqubo evumela kuphela indawo yesikhanyiso ukuba ivulwe ukugcina imali.
Iluminación
Ezi zizinto eziguqula amandla agcinwe yibhetri ibe kukukhanya. Zizinto ezifanelekileyo ezaziwa njenge Izibane ze-fluorescent, iqabane okanye i-LEDS. Zezona zibalaseleyo ekusebenzeni kwamandla.
Iimfuno zofakelo lokukhanya kwesitrato selanga
Ukukhanya kwesitalato elanga akufuneki kufutshane kwinethiwekhi yombane, okanye iingcingo, okanye inkqubo yangaphantsi komhlaba. Ufuna kuphela iimfuno ezithile ekufuneka zinayo indawo.
- Indawo kufuneka icace kwaye i-skwiindawo ezinokunika umthunzi.
- Umhlaba kufuneka uvumele isiphatho sezibane ukuba silungiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukwenza oku, kuya kwenziwa isiseko sokunceda ukuxhasa zonke iintlobo zeemeko zokusingqongileyo, ezinje ngemimoya eya kwiikhweyitha.
- Indawo apho ifakwe khona ayinakuba namaqondo obushushu aqandayo amaxesha ngamaxesha. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi achaphazela iibhetri. Kukho umngcipheko wokukhenkcisa ulwelo olubhalwe kulo kwaye luya kuthi ekugqibeleni lubatshabalalise.
Izibane zesitalato zelanga ziyindlela eguqukayo enokusinceda ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokulwa notshintsho lwemozulu.