I- "Empty Forest Syndrome" yinto ebizwa ngokuba ngamahlathi abemi bawo aphantsi kunesiqhelo, akukho mithi mincinci, akukho mizekelo yolunye uhlobo lobomi bezilwanyana nezityalo. Oku kwenzeka kuba luhlobo lokucima kodwa luthe cwaka.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi okungakumbi malunga "namahlathi angenanto"?
Isifo sehlathi esingenanto
Eli gama linikezwe ziingcali zebhayoloji kwezo ndawo zearboreal zinemithi embalwa encinci okanye abantu abambalwa. Oku kwalatha ukuphela kwezilwanyana kwindawo leyo. Kwezi ndawo, umjikelo wendalo apho uhlobo oluvuselelayo luyekile kwaye lwadilika ngenxa yokungalingani kwendalo kunye nelahleko yokunxibelelana okwenza ukuba uhlobo luphile kwaye lukhule.
Unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo luyimfuneko kwindalo ukutshintshisa ukuhamba rhoqo kwezinto kunye namandla. Enkosi kolu nxibelelwano, i-ecosystems ikhula ngokujikeleza okuzinzileyo. Xa imikhosi yangaphandle engaphandle kwenkqubo ngokwayo inefuthe, ibhalansi esele yenziwe phakathi konxibelelwano lwezinto eziyenzayo yaphukile kwaye nendlela esebenza ngayo i-ecosystem isebenza.
Olu nxibelelwano luhlala luluncedo macala phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kwaye zibumba okubizwa ngokuba "kukunxibelelana kokusebenzisana" kwindalo. Xa ezi nethiwekhi zitshatyalalisiwe ngokungabikho okanye ukuncipha kwalo naliphi na icandelo lezinto zonxibelelwano, zibangela oko ukufa okuthe cwaka kwendalo yaziwa ngokuba "sisifo sehlathi esingenanto."
Amahlathi agwetyiweyo
La mahlathi apho ulungelelwano lwaphulwe bagwetyelwe ukufaKuba bafuna ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo. Amahlathi anezityalo kodwa kungekho zilwanyana agwetyelweyo ukuthotywa ngokuthe ngcembe anyamalale ngexesha elifutshane. Izilwanyana zizalisekisa imisebenzi yendalo ekufuneka imithi iphile kwaye ivelise.
Oku kuqinisekisiwe ngenxa yamaxwebhu abonisa ukuba amahlathi angenazo izilwanyana aphulukene neekota ezintathu zekhabhoni. Ngamanye amagama, imithi isekhona, kodwa ayizalisekisi imisebenzi yendalo. Inkonzo yendalo le indalo isinika inyani ngokuhlala ngokulinganisela kunye nemvisiswano. Umzekelo, ukuthathwa kwemithi ye-CO2 yinkonzo yendalo.
Kwiplanethi yonke akukho ndidi inokuhlala yodwa ngaphandle kokudibana nezinye iintlobo. Nangona iindidi zizodwa, zidinga ezinye iintlobo zokutya okanye indawo yokuhlala. Zombini iinkqubo kunye irhamncwa-ixhoba okanye i-parasite-host okanye mutualism, njl. Bafuna ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo.
Le yindlela ubume bezinto eziphilayo ezakhiwe ngayo. Akukho nto ikhona ngaphandle kwentsingiselo, yonke into inesizathu sokubakho. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthathela ingqalelo ubudlelwane phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo ukukhankanya ukuphela kwezidalwa.
Kukho ezinye ze-ecosystem ezikwaziyo ukuqhubeka nokuba ngcono nokuba iintlobo ezithile zilahlekile. Kodwa kuyinyani ukuba kukho iindidi ezinobukho bazo ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo kwaye, ngaphandle kwazo, iya kuwa ngokupheleleyo.
Iintaka nendima yazo
Uninzi lweentaka luyizinambuzane kwaye elinye iqela litya kakhulu, ezitya iziqhamo eziyinyama, iintyatyambo, incindi, umungu okanye izilimo eziyizigaxa, nezinoxanduva lokusasaza imbewu kwilindle labo okanye ngokubuyela kwakhona. Eli nyathelo libenza babaluleke kwindalo ukuze izityalo zisasazeke kwimimandla.
Ngaphandle kweentaka, i-ikhosistim ibiya kuwela ngokupheleleyo kuba amandla ayo okuhlaziywa kwendalo anokuchaphazeleka kakhulu. Nawuphi na umba ongenelela ekulahlekelweni kokusebenza kwebhayoloji ubeka ibhalansi emngciphekweni. Umzekelo, iingcuka ziseSierra Morena, kodwa azinawo umsebenzi wendalo kwindalo.
Iintlobo ezityebileyo ezifuna uluhlu olukhulu ziya kuchaphazeleka ukuba ihlathi liyaqhekeka. Ukuba ubungakanani bendawo okanye ubuninzi beentaka ezidlayo buyehla kakhulu, inkqubo yokusasazeka kwesityalo iyawa, iziqhamo ezivuthiweyo ziyomiswa kuyo okanye zityiwe ziimpuku, ukutya okutyayo kuyabulala isithole kwaye akukho inkqubo esebenzayo yokusasaza imbewu.