Ngelishwa, namhlanje amandla asetyenzisiweyo AyinakuhlaziywaEzo zivela kwizixhobo zeplanethi eziza kugqitywa ukugqitywa. Oovimba bendalo ezifana namalahle, igesi yendalo okanye ioyile zezona zinto zisisiseko zisetyenziswa ngabantu.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iintlobo zamandla ezinje nge umoya, i-biomass, i-geothermal phakathi kwabanye, ngethamsanqa bafumana umhlaba ngakumbi nangakumbi. Emva koko siza kuthetha ngefayile ye- I-Photovoltaic Energy yamandla: yintoni, yenziwa njani kwaye zeziphi izicelo ezinazo.
YINTONI I-ENEJI YAMANDLA?
La amandla elanga Yenye leyo ithatha ithuba kwimitha yelanga yokuvelisa amandla. Yi Umthombo wamandla ococekileyo ngokupheleleyo, engadingi ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali okanye ebangela naluphi na uhlobo lwenkunkuma. Ukongeza, amandla ahlaziyekayo. Amandla elanga aya kubakho ngonaphakade, okanye ubuncinci kwiibhiliyoni zeminyaka ezayo. Ngamafutshane, yi amandla acocekileyo, azinzileyo ahlaziyekayo. Umbuzo omkhulu ngulo: Kutheni le nto ungafakwanga ngakumbi? Izinto zabantu (iiLobbies).
Njengoko sisitsho, i I-Photovoltaic Energy yamandla Nguwo oguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane. Kodwa olu tshintsho lwenzeka njani? Wenziwa njani umbane welanga we-photovoltaic?
YENZELWA NJANI I-SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY?
La I-Photovoltaic Energy yamandla isekwe kumgaqo wokuba amandla equlethwe ngamasuntswana alula ( iifotoni) inokuguqulwa ibe umbane. Oku kufezekiswa ngokubizwa ngokuba inkqubo yokuguqula imifanekiso, esiza kujongana nayo kamva.
Ukuthetha ngokubanzi, okwenzekayo kukuba, ngokusebenzisa isixhobo esenzelwe le njongo, yona umbane enkosi ku ukusebenza kweefotoelectric yelanga. Ngokubanzi ezi zixhobo ziqukethe i-semiconductor metallic foil efumana igama iseli ye-photovoltaic okanye ipleyiti.
Ngenxa yoku inkqubo yokuguqula imifanekiso, ifunyenwe amandla kwii-voltages ezisezantsi (phakathi kwe-380 kunye ne-800 V) nakwangoku ngqo. Emva koko a umtyali mali ukuyiguqula ibe ukutshintsha okwangoku.
Izixhobo apho zikhona iiseli ze-photovoltaic zibizwa ngokuba iipaneli zelanga Kwaye, kusetyenziselwa ubuqu okanye usapho, bahlala benamaxabiso angama-7.000 euros (nangona amaxabiso ehlile kwaye ehla kakhulu). Ngapha koko, olu fakelo lunoncedo olufuna ukuba kungabikho kulondolozwa. Ewe kunjalo, ukuba ufuna ukwandisa ukusebenza kwabo, kufuneka bafakwe kwindawo elungileyo (apho kukho iiyure ezininzi zelanga) kunye nokubekwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuqhelaniswa.
Inqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane we-photovoltaic incinci kakhulu kunaleyo ibonelelwa yimithombo enjengeoyile okanye irhasi yendalo, kwaye ingaphezulu okanye incinci kwinqanaba elifanayo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla omoya (kuxhomekeke kwindawo yejografi, kunjalo). Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuyanda kwaye kule mihla sele isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, njengoko sinokubona kwicandelo elilandelayo.
UKUSETYENZISWA KWESOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY
- Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwamandla ombane we-photovoltaic kunxulumene nokukwazi kwawo ukuguqula la mandla asuka elangeni aye kumbane ombane. Ngale ndlela, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. Kwelinye icala, inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza isixa esikhulu samandla esithengiselwa iinkampani ezihambisa umbane. Kwelinye icala, inokusetyenziswa iyodwa okanye nosapho, Oko kukuthi, ukubonelela ngamandla ekhaya. Uninzi lwabantu lufaka iiphaneli zelanga kuphahla ukuze lusebenzise amandla elanga njengenye indlela yamandla.
- Enye yezona zinto ziphambili ezisetyenziselwa amandla e-photovoltaic elanga kukuba zinokubonelela ngamandla kwezi iisayithi ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo okanye apho banobunzima bokuba nombane, oko kukuthi, ezo ndawo ezinee-indices zophuhliso eziphantsi apho zingenakho ukufikelela kwiintambo zombane.
- Ngokunjalo, amandla elanga yenye yeendlela eziphambili zokubonelela i-satellite ezijikeleze esithubeni. Ngokuqinisekileyo sonke siwubonile umfanekiso wezi sethelayithi, zineepaneli zelanga kumgangatho wazo ukuze zisebenzise amandla ezibonelelwa lilanga emajukujukwini.
- Amandla ombane anokusetyenziselwa ulwakhiwo lwe Iinkqubo zokuvelisa i-hybrid yamandla, oko kukuthi, lawo adibanisa amandla elanga nomoya, okanye amandla elanga kunye nezixhobo zeefosili.
- Okokugqibela, nangona abantu abaninzi bengayazi, I-photovoltaic amandla elanga ayasebenza ukuvelisa amandla asetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo: Umnxeba oselfowuni. Ukuphindaphinda unomathotholo nomabonakude, iipali ze-SOS zendlela, irimothi, irimothi yokunkcenkceshela, i-telemetry, iiradar, i-radiotelephony ngokubanzi kunye nezikhundla zokujonga ezomkhosi okanye amahlathi, umnxeba wesathelayithi osemaphandleni, i-telewaves, umnquba osetyenziselwa uluntu, ukutshintshela, amakhonkco onomathotholo