Oko amandla omoya Ngoyena mthombo uphambili wamandla ahlaziyiweyo emhlabeni owaziwa ngabo bonke. Ubungqina boku yinkqubela esele yenziwe kule minyaka idlulileyo ukwandisa amandla aphuhliswa ngumoya ngamnye womoya ngamazwe aphesheya asebenza kwicandelo, ikakhulu koomatshini bomoya abenza umsebenzi wabo elwandle oluvulekileyo.
Amandla omoya afakwe kwihlabathi ikhule nge-12,4% ngo-2016, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-486.749 MW, ngokweedatha ezivela kwi-Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC). I-China, i-United States, i-Jamani, i-Indiya ne-Spain zezona zivelisayo kwihlabathi.
Inqanaba lokugqibela lamandla omoya
Isiganeko sokugqibela kule nkalo sisandula ukubhengezwa yinkampani, umanyano phakathi kwelizwe laseDenmark IVestas kunye neMitsubishi yaseJapan eyaziwa ngokuba yiMhivestasoffshore.
Baqulunqe umfuziselo wohlobo lweI-9 MW yomvelisi wonxweme yamandla, efakwe kunxweme lwaseDenmark, ekwazi ukuvelisa kwiiyure nje ezingama-24 isixa samandla esilingana nento enokutyiwa likhaya eUnited States kangangeminyaka engamashumi amabini. Yenzelwe ngokukodwa isantya somoya phakathi I-12 kunye ne-25 yeemitha ngomzuzwana.
Kwanele ukuphatha ikhaya iminyaka engama-66
NgokukaTorben UHvid Larsen, IVestas CTO:
"Wethu prototype isete enye irekhodi lesizukulwana, nge 216.000 kWh eveliswe kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24. Siqinisekile ukuba le turbine yomoya eyi-9 MW ibonakalise ukuba ikulungele ukuthengisa, kwaye sikholelwa ekubeni izakudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwehliseni amaxabiso omoya aselunxwemeni. "
Ngokwesiqhelo ukuthetha ngeekilowatts kunzima kwaye kungabonakali. Kodwa ngokwemibutho esemthethweni, Umyinge wokusetyenziswa kombane kwikhaya laseSpain ngama-3.250 kWh ngonyaka. Ubungakanani obuphakame kancinci kunomyinge wosetyenziso lwasekhaya lweedolophu kwizixeko eziphambili zoMzantsi Merika. Ukuthathela ingqalelo oku, usuku lwemveliso lunokubonelela ngombane kwikhaya eliqhelekileyo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-66.
Ukuze sikwazi ukufumana uluvo ngokubaluleka kophuhliso, sisixhobo somoya esilinganayo Iimitha ezili-220 ukuphakama (efana nesona sakhiwo siphakamileyo kwisixeko sase Madrid). Iibhloko zayo ezijikelezayo kwiRotor zingaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-83 ubude kwaye zinobunzima obungaphezu kweetoni ezingama-38.
Iprototype ephuhlisiweyo kukuqhubela phambili kwimodeli engaphambili ye-8 MW, efanayo naleyo yenye ingxilimbela yamandla omoya efana neJamani nayo kwipotfoliyo Siemens.
Izinto eziluncedo zamandla omoya kunye neinjini yomoya
Ukubaluleka koku akukho kangako ngenxa yento yokuba ne umoya omkhulu womoya omkhulu kangaka, kodwa nangenxa yenkqubela phambili enokuphuhliswa kufakelo lwalo mthombo wamandla kwaye unokusetyenziswa kokubini kufakelo lomhlaba kunye nezo zifumaneka elwandle.
Ukongeza, oku kuchazwe ngasentla kuthetha ukuba nakho ukuvelisa umbane wexabiso eliphantsi ovela kubutyebi bemveli ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayikhuphi i-greenhouse gases.
Uyisebenzisa phi?
Umbuzo omnye esinokuzibuza wona ngowokuba ingaba oku kuyasebenza nakweyiphi na intsimi. Impendulo icacile ewe, kuzo zombini ukufakwa konxweme kunye nonxweme.
Ngokumalunga neyokuqala, kuyacetyiswa ukubonisa ukuba ukunikwa amandla kwakhona kweefama zomoya, ikakhulu zibekwe kwiindawo ezinezixhobo ezikhulu kwaye zineeinjini zomoya ezinamandla asezantsi, kuba yayizezona ndawo zokuqala ezazifakelwe ezi zixhobo, kufanelekile ngokufakelwa koomatshini bomoya abakhulu (ngaphandle kokufikelela kwezo zinokufakwa elwandle , ngenxa yempembelelo yokusingqongileyo abanokuyivelisa kwiindawo ezithile).
Ngokubhekisele kufakelo elwandle, into avumelana ngayo wonke umntu kukufaka izixhobo zamandla aphezulu.
Kuba umbane ovela ngumoya ukhuphisana kakhulu Ngemithombo yesiqhelo, izixhobo ezikhoyo zokuphanda kuyo ziphezulu kakhuluKe ngoko, ukufezekiswa kwerekhodi elitsha kwixesha elifutshane akukhutshelwa ngaphandle.
Ngubani oza kulandela elugqatsweni?