Akunakuphikwa ukuba kuya kusiba ngakumbi inzuzo ngakumbi ukusebenzisa amandla elanga njengomthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo. Kungenxa yokuba ngumthombo wamandla ongenamda esiwufumana elangeni kwaye onokuthi uguqulwe ngeepaneli zelanga zibe ngamandla ombane. Nangona kunjalo, sinamathandabuzo endlela yokufaka iipaneli zelanga kuba zininzi izinto ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ukuze ukusebenza kube kokona kufanelekileyo.
Kuko konke oku, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuba likuxelele indlela yokufaka iipaneli zelanga.
Izinto eziluncedo zamandla elanga
Ukuze ufake iipaneli zelanga kungcono ukuba uqale wazi ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo esiya kuba nazo zokufaka olu hlobo lwamandla emakhayeni ethu. Amandla elanga awanasimahla kuyo nayiphi na intsalela engcolisayo kwaye ngoku ibekwe kweyona ndlela ingcono yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi. Kwaye ukuba i-fuels fuels ezifana negesi, i-oyile kunye namalahle ziyimithombo engcolisayo ebangela iingxaki kwezendalo kwilizwe lonke njengokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Kuba sizakufaka amandla elanga emakhayeni ethu kufuneka sazi ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo:
- Siza konga kwityala lombane. Kungenxa yokuba ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kusimahla kwaye akukho rhafu. Ngapha koko, ngamandla angenamda.
- Siza kuba nenkululeko ngokwahluka kwixabiso lombane.
- Siza kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi yendlu eluhlaza.
- Siza kuba nezibonelelo zerhafu ngenkxaso-mali ekhoyo evela ekuzisebenziseleni ukuzisebenzisa.
- Ukugcinwa kweepaneli zelanga kuncinci kuba ineetekhnoloji ezilula. Nangona utyalo-mali lokuqala luneendleko eziphezulu, sinokulufumana olu tyalo-mali kule minyaka idlulileyo.
- Ngaphakathi kwamandla ahlaziyekayo, photovoltaic amandla elanga yenye yezona zikhuselekileyo.
Yintoni kwaye isebenza njani ipaneli yelanga
Siza kubona inyathelo ngenyathelo ekufuneka sikwenzile ukufaka iipaneli zelanga. Into yokuqala kukwazi ukuba yintoni ipaneli yelanga kwaye isebenza njani. La macwecwe enziwe ngeeseli ze-photovoltaic ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zeemiconductor. Ezi zinto zezi zinto zisivumela ukuba siguqule amandla avela elangeni aye kumandla ombane ukuze sikwazi ukuwasebenzisa kumakhaya ethu.
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kwenzeka ngenxa isiphumo se-photovoltaic. Ngale ndlela sinokubona indlela i-electron ekwazi ngayo ukugqithisa ukusuka kwiseli yephaneli ehlawuliswe kakubi iye kwelinye elinentlawulo elungileyo. Ngexesha lokuhamba kombane oqhubekayo uveliswa. Njengoko sisazi, Amandla ombane aqhubekekayo akasetyenziselwa ukunikezela ngombane ekhayeni. Sifuna amanye amandla ombane. Ke ngoko, sidinga i- Inverter yamandla.
Amandla angoku ngokuthe ngqo adlula kwi-inverter yangoku apho ubukhulu bayo buhlengahlengiswa buguqulwe bube kukutshintsha okwangoku. Le yangoku ingasetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwasekhaya. Nje ukuba sibe nalo mandla, siya kusebenzisa yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze sizisebenzise. Kungenzeka ukuba kwizihlandlo ezininzi sivelisa amandla ombane ngakumbi kunokuba siwasebenzisa. Amandla agqithisileyo aziwa njengamandla agqithisileyo. Singazenza ngayo izinto ngayo: kwelinye icala, sinokugcina la mandla ngeebhetri. Ngale ndlela, sinokusebenzisa olu hlobo lwamandla agciniweyo xa kungekho misebe yelanga yaneleyo ukunika amandla iipaneli zelanga, okanye ebusuku.
Kwelinye icala, singalahla oku kugqithisileyo kwigridi yombane ukuze sifumane imbuyekezo. Okokugqibela, asinakho ukusebenzisa le ntsalela kwaye siyilahle ngenkqubo yokuchasana nokuphambukisa. Olu lolona khetho lubi kwezi zintathu kuba simosha amandla esiwenzileyo.
Uyifaka njani ipaneli yelanga inyathelo ngenyathelo
Ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphezulu olufunekayo kolu hlobo lofakelo, kubhetele ukwazi kubunzulu bokusebenza kwalo konke kunye namanyathelo aya kufuneka kufakelo. Kwaye yile, amandla elanga anendawo engalunganga efikelela kubo bonke abantu. Inqaku elibi kukutyalomali lokuqala. Ngokwesiqhelo, Ubomi bokusebenziseka kwepaneli yelanga imalunga neminyaka engama-25. Utyalo-mali lokuqala lufunyenwe emva kweminyaka eli-10-15, kuxhomekeke kumgangatho wabo.
Siza kuchaza inyathelo nenyathelo ngendlela yokufaka iipaneli zelanga. Kufuneka siqale sicele ikowuti malunga nokufakwa kwamacwecwe. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka sikunxibelelanise nenkampani ezinikele ekufakweni kolu hlobo lweephaneli kwaye iya kusicela ngolwazi oluthile esinokuthi sikunike ulwazi olwaneleyo ukuze bakwazi ukulungiselela uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lokuqala.
Nje ukuba banedatha, iipaneli ziya kufakwa. Inkampani ihlala yenza ufakelo okoko nje iimfuno ezahlukeneyo ziyafezekiswa:
- Enye yazo yile inkampani iya kujongana nokucela iimvume kwaye wazise umboleki malunga neenkxaso ezikhoyo ngelo xesha.
- Nje ukuba olu lwazi ludluliselwe, umboleki nguye oluxabisayo uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olunikezelwa yinkampani kwaye iya kuba nguye oyalela ukuba uyagunyazisa ukufakwa kweepaneli zelanga kuphahla.
Xa umthengi evuma ukufakwa kweepaneli zelanga, inkampani iya kuqhubeka nofakelo lwabo. Phakathi kwezinto ezinofakelo lwe-photovoltaic sifumana ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Iiphaneli zelanga: Banoxanduva lokuvelisa amandla elanga ngohlobo lwamandla ombane. Ukuba indawo esihlala kuyo inemitha yelanga engaphezulu, sinokuguqula amandla amaninzi.
- Inverter yamandla: ujongene nokwenza amandla ombane aqhubekekayo aguqulwe ziipaneli zelanga ukuba zisebenze ukuze zibe luncedo ekutshintshiseni izinto ezikhoyo ngoku ukuze zisetyenziswe emakhaya.
- Iibhetri zelanga: Banoxanduva lokugcina amandla elanga aphezulu. Baya kuba nobomi obude obude xa kuthelekiswa nobunzulu bokukhutshwa. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuqhuba ityala elifutshane kwaye ungabavumeli ukuba bakhuphe ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, iiphaneli zelanga zifakwa eluphahleni lwezindlu ukuthintela ingqikelelo yezithunzi kunye nokuthintela ukonakala kunye nokuqokelelana kwenkunkuma.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi niyayazi indlela yokufaka iiphaneli zelanga.