Ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kuye kwavela ngokuxhumaxhuma kunye nokuhamba kweminyaka kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji. Zombini kwimeko yeepaki ezinkulu zelanga kunye nezixhobo ezincinci zokuzisebenzisa, basebenza nazo iipaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic. Ukwanda kokuzisebenzisa ngokwakho eSpain kuyabonakala kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Kwaye ngamakhaya amaninzi nangakumbi akhethe ukufakelwa kwe-photovoltaic ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Enye yazo lulondolozo kwityala lombane kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo amaxesha afuna njalo.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu kunye nokusebenza kweepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iiphaneli zelanga ze-Photovoltaic ziyakwazi ukuvelisa amandla ombane ngelanga. Amandla ahlaziyekayo ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayingcolisi konke okusingqongileyo. Uncedo lolu hlobo lwamandla ahlaziyiweyo kukuba yenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngamandla avela elangeni lethu. Ukusebenza kweepaneli zelanga ikakhulu kusekwe kwiseli yelanga ye-photovoltaic enoxanduva lokuguqula amandla elanga ngqo kumbane usebenzisa amandla ombane.
Amandla e-Photovoltaic yipropathi ekufuneka yenziwe zizinto ezithile babe nakho ukuvelisa umbane xa bephantsi kwemitha yelanga. Oku kwenzeka xa amandla avela elangeni ekhupha ii-elektroni ukwenza ukuhamba kwamandla ombane.
Iphaneli yelanga yenziwe ngothotho lweeseli ze-photovoltaic. Ziziqwengana zesilicon ezenziwe nge-phosphorus kunye ne-boron enokuthi ivelise intlawulo yombane xa ifumana imitha yelanga. Ziyakwazi ukuhlanganiswa kwimodyuli ukuze i-voltage ihlengahlengiswe kwinkqubo ye-DC enokusebenziseka.
Amandla aveliswayo ngokudibanisa ne-inverter yangoku aguqulwa abe kukutshintsha okwangoku okunokusetyenziselwa izixhobo zombane zasekhaya. Kuqhelekile ukuba iyimodyuli yombane inokuhlengahlengiswa kuzo zombini iinkqubo ezikhoyo kunye nokutshintsha okwangoku. Yonke into etshintshayo yindlela yamandla asetyenzisiweyo emini kwaye inokubonelelwa ngeepaneli zelanga.
Kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba umbane obonelelwa ziiseli ze-photovoltaic uhlala uhleli kwaye ulayini, ke isixa esibonelelweyo sangoku sixhomekeke kubunzulu belanga. Oku kwenza ukuba ukusebenza kweepaneli zelanga zibonelele nge-photovoltaic kuxhomekeke ikakhulu kubungakanani bokukhanya. Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha losuku, ixesha lonyaka kunye nemozulu apho sikhona.
Uwabala njani amandla eepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic
Kuyimfuneko ukukwazi ukubala amandla ombane weepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic ukuze ukwazi ukubala amandla emodyuli. Xa kuziwa ekuzeni okanye ekubaleni ukusebenza kweepaneli, Umlinganiso osetyenzisiweyo kwiimodyuli yiewat peak (Wp). Lo mlinganiselo usetyenziswa njengesalathiso esisebenza ukulinganisa ukusebenza kweepaneli zelanga kunye nokuseka ukuthelekisa phakathi kwazo. Ngale ndlela, sinokwazi iimpawu zento nganye kuzo kwaye sibone ukuba yeyiphi efunekayo ngawo onke amaxesha. Uninzi lwezi mpawu lumele intsebenzo ebonelelwe ziipaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic ezinikezelweyo ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo bemitha kunye nobushushu obuvela elangeni.
Konke oku okanye kuyimfuneko xa usayizi ufakelo lwe-photovoltaic, nokuba kusekhaya okanye kwiziko loluntu. Kubalulekile ukuhlalutya ukuba zingaphi ii-watts eziphakamileyo ezinokufakwa ukuze ufumane ubuninzi bokuzisebenzisa. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba emakhaya ukusetyenziswa kombane kuyahluka ngexesha lonyaka kunye neeyure zosuku. Kuya kubakho ixesha losuku apho kukho izinto zombane ezininzi ezidityaniswe ngaxeshanye kwaye umbane omkhulu uyafuneka ukwanelisa ibango. Kwelinye icala, kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ixesha lonyaka. Ehlotyeni, amandla amakhulu kufuneka asetyenziselwe ukupholisa ikhaya.
Xa ubala ubungakanani kunye nokusebenza kofakelo lweepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic, zonke izinto kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kuthathelwa ingqalelo zombini indawo yakho kunye ukujongwa kunye ne-engile yophahla apho lubekwe khona. Le yindlela ekunokwenzeka ngayo ukuhlalutya ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kunye nokulindelweyo ukuqikelela ubungakanani bofakelo olulungele iimfuno zekhaya ngalinye.
Iindidi zeepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezona ntlobo ziphambili zeepaneli zelanga zelanga ezikhoyo namhlanje:
- Iiphaneli zelanga eziHlanganisiweyo: azisetyenziswa kwaye azisetyenziswa kwaye zibonakaliswe ngokungabinasakhiwo esichaziweyo. Ihlala iphulukana namandla amaninzi ngexesha leenyanga zokuqala zokusebenza.
- Iiphaneli zelanga zePolycrystallineZenziwe ziikristali ezijolise ngokwahlukileyo kwaye zahlukile ngokuba nombala oluhlaza. Inkqubo yokuvelisa inexabiso lokungabizi, kodwa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwayo yimveliso engasebenzi kakuhle.
- Iipaneli zelanga zemonocrystalline: Zithathwa njengeemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuba zineseli ezenza iphaneli kwaye zenziwe nge-silicon crystal enye, ecocekileyo eqiniswe kubushushu obufanayo. Ezi panels zelanga zibonelela ngokusebenza ngakumbi kunye nokusebenza kuba zivumela ii-elektronon ukuba zihambe ngokukhululeka. Nangona inkqubo yokuvelisa ibiza kakhulu, imveliso ekumgangatho ophezulu iveliswa ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi. Yiyo yonke le nto ubuyikhangela.
Zeziphi iiphaneli zelanga ezingcono
Ezona zicetyiswayo zezona zodwa. Ama-Amorphous aqala ukuphelelwa lixesha njengoko efuna ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Uncedo abalunikayo kuphela Iiphaneli zepolycrystalline lixabiso eliphantsi. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ayibizi kakhulu, kodwa ayinakho ukusebenza ngokufana ne-monocrystalline.
Nangona ixabiso labo libiza kakhulu, iipleyiti zemonocrystalline zinezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza kakuhle, intsebenzo ethe kratya kancinci, ziyabunyamezela ubushushu kwaye zinobuhle bokuhombisa.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neepaneli zelanga ze-photovoltaic kunye nokusebenza kwazo.