I-boomass boilers kunye nokuphikisana kwebhalansi ye-CO2

Kwiposi yangaphambili sithethe ngayo amandla e-biomass . Ukusuka kwinto eyiyo, ukuba isebenza njani kwaye ivelaphi kwizibonelelo zayo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga. Ndikhankanye kancinci i-biomass boilers, kodwa andikhange ndingene kwiinkcukacha kuba ndifuna ukuyiveza apha ngokweenkcukacha.

Kule posi siza kuthetha ngayo ii-boiler ze-biomass ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuphikisana kwebhalansi ye-CO2 ekhoyo ngamandla e-biomass.

Yintoni i-biomass boilers?

IiBoomass boilers zisetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla e-biomass kunye ne ukuveliswa kobushushu emakhaya nakwizakhiwo. Basebenzisa izibaso zendalo ezifana neepellets zomthi, imingxuma yeminquma, intsalela yehlathi, iigobolondo zeziqhamo ezomisiweyo, njl. Zikwasetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi emakhaya nakwizakhiwo.

Umsebenzi uyafana nalowo wesinye isixhobo sokubilisa amanzi. Ezi zibilisa batshisa ipetroli baze benze idangatye oxwesileyo ongena kwisekethe yamanzi kunye notshintsho lobushushu, ngaloo ndlela ufumana amanzi ashushu enkqubo. Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwebhoyila kunye nezinto eziphilayo ezinje ngamafutha, kunokufakwa isixhobo esigcina ubushushu obuveliswe ngendlela efanayo neephaneli zelanga.

Ukugcina inkunkuma yendalo eza kusetyenziswa njengepetroli, iibhoyili zifuna isikhongozeli ukugcina. Ukusuka kweso sikhongozeli, ngokusebenzisa isikrufu esingapheliyo okanye isondlo esitsalelayo, iyisa kwibhoyila, apho kwenzeka khona umlilo. Lo mlilo uvelisa uthuthu ekufuneka lukhutshwe amatyeli aliqela ngonyaka kwaye luqokeleleka kwisitya somlotha.

Iindidi zebheyile ye-biomass

Xa ukhetha ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwee-boomass boilers esiza kuzithenga nokuzisebenzisa, kufuneka sihlalutye inkqubo yokugcina kunye nenkqubo yothutho kunye nokuphatha. Ezinye zokubilisa vumela ukutshisa ngaphezu kolunye uhlobo lwamafutha, ngelixa ezinye (ezinje ngee-boiler zepelethi) Bavumela kuphela uhlobo olunye lwamafutha ukuba lutshise.

Iibhoyila ezivumela ukutshisa ngaphezulu kwepetroli enye zifuna umthamo omkhulu wokugcina kuba zinkulu kwaye zinamandla amakhulu. Ezi zihlala zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso.

Kwelinye icala, sifumana i-boiler ye-pellet zezona zixhaphakileyo kumandla aphakathi kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza kunye namanzi ashushu acocekileyo ngokuqokelela kumakhaya afikelela kwi-500 m2.

Kukho ezinye iibheyili zebhayomass ezisebenza nge ukusebenza kufutshane ne-105% oko kuthetha ukonga amafutha nge-12%. Kuya kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ukuba uyilo lweebheyile luxhomekeke ubukhulu becala kufuma lwepetroli esifuna ukuyisebenzisa.

• Iibilisi zezibaso ezomileyo. Ezi boilers zine-inertia ye-thermal ephantsi kwaye zihlala zilungiselelwe ukugcina ilangatye elinamandla. Ngaphakathi kubushushu bokubilisa obuphezulu kakhulu kunokufikelelwa kangangokuba bayakwazi ukuyiphelisa le slag.
• Iibilisi zezibaso ezimanzi. Le bhoyila, ngokungafaniyo neyangaphambili, ine-inertia enkulu ye-thermal ukuze ikwazi ukutshisa ipetroli emanzi. Uyilo lwebhoyila kufuneka luvumele ukuba ipetroli yome ngokwaneleyo ukuze i-gasification kunye ne-oxidation zigqibe kwaye kungabikho msi umnyama uveliswayo.

Iipellet boilers-imingxuma yeminquma

Kukho iindidi ezininzi ze-biomass boilers ezisebenzisa iipellets njengamafutha. Phakathi kwazo zonke sifumana:

Iimodyuli zebhayoloji yebhayomass emiselweyo

Isetyenziselwa ufakelo olunamagunya phakathi kwe-91kW kunye ne-132kW kwaye ezisebenzisa iipellets njengamafutha. Le boiler yemodyuli ilungiselelwe ukusebenza kwecascade. Ibandakanya itanki yogcino, isiguquli se-ashtray kunye nenkqubo yokufunxa yothutho lweepellets. Ikwavelisa ukonga okukhulu kuba iyakwazi ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ngokunciphisa iqondo lobushushu kwiigesi zokutsha. Fumana imbuyekezo ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-95. Ikwanayo nenkqubo yokuzicoca ngokuzenzekelayo. Ineseti yee turbulators ezithi, ukongeza ekugcineni indlela yokuhamba, ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza, inoxanduva lokucoca intsalela yomlotha kwiindlela zomsi.

Isitshisi sinenkqubo yokucoca uthuthu ngokuzenzekelayo. Inxalenye esezantsi yomzimba wokutsha kwesitshisi inenkqubo yokucoca ethi ngamanye amaxesha ikhathalele ukuthumela uthuthu olwenziwe ngexesha lokutsha kwi-ashtray. Ukucoca lwenziwa nkqu isixhobo sokukhuphela, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukutshintsha intuthuzelo ufakelo nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwibhoyila.

Boilers iinkuni

Kwelinye icala, sifumana i-biomass boilers enamafutha enkuni. Phakathi kwabo sifumana:

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-boiler yegesi

Ezi ziibhuli zokubuyisa iirangatye ezibuyisela umva iinkuni zokubasa. Bahlala benoluhlu yamandla amathathu phakathi kwama-20, 30 nama-40 kW.

Izibonelelo zolu hlobo lwebhoyila zezi:

• Ukusebenza kwamandla aphezulu okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha. Ubuchule obufunyenwe yi-92%, edlula i-80% efunwa yimigaqo yofakelo.
• Ukutshaja ukuzimela ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezisixhenxe.
• Ihlengahlengisa amandla avelisiweyo kwimfuno yombulelo kwinkqubo yayo yokuguqula izinto ngombane.
• Ibandakanya inkqubo yokhuseleko ngokuchasene nobushushu.

Izinto eziluncedo zokuba nebheyila yebhayomass

Uncedo lokuqala olubalulekileyo kukuba ngokuqinisekileyo ixabiso biomass. Ngokwesiqhelo, ixabiso lalo lizinzile kuba alixhomekekanga kwiimarike zamanye amazwe njengamafutha ezinto ezenziwayo. Sikwakhankanya ukuba amandla anexabiso eliphantsi kuba aveliswa ngezixhobo zalapha ekhaya ngoko ke awanazo iindleko zothutho. Ukuba inenzuzo kwaye inokhuphiswano, inika intuthuzelo yezoqoqosho kumsebenzisi.

Inzuzo yesibini ebonakalayo kukuba Itekhnoloji ekhuselekileyo nehambele phambili. Oko kukuthi, ukugcinwa kwayo kulula kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kuphezulu. I-pellet yipetroli yendalo, ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphezulu le-calorific, eyenza, Ngendlela evuselelekayo kwaye enenzuzo, ibonelela nge-boiler ngezivuno ezikufutshane ne-90%.

Okokugqibela, eyona nto icacileyo kukuba iyayisebenzisa amandla acocekileyo angenakuphela njengoko ehlaziywa. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwayo ikhupha i-CO2 kuba itshisa ipetroli, kodwa le CO2 ayithathi cala kuba ngexesha lokukhula kwayo, izinto ezingafunekiyo ziye zafunxa i-CO2 ngexesha lefotosinthesis. Eli namhlanje liziko lempikiswano ekusetyenzisweni nasekungcolisweni kwamandla e-biomass esiza kubona kamva. Ukongeza, sinethuba lokuba ngokufumana i-biomass yehlathi kuyanceda ukucoca iintaba kunye nokuthintela imililo.

Kufuneka kukhankanywe ukuba i-biomass ingumthombo wengqesho kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni kwaye iyakuhlonipha ukukhathalela okusingqongileyo.

Ukungancedi kweebhayolo ze-biomass

Iibheyile zeBiomass zinazo ixabiso elisezantsi lekhalori ukuba siyithelekisa namafutha asefosil. Iipellets zinesiqingatha samandla edizili. Ke ngoko, siyakufuna kabini isibaso ukuze sibe namandla alinganayo nasedizili.

Ngenxa yokuba i-fuels ezifana neepellets ziphantsi koxinano, indawo enkulu iyafuneka yokugcina. Ngokwesiqhelo, ii-boilers zifuna isilo ukugcina ipetroli kufutshane.

Impikiswano yokulingana kwe-CO2 kumandla e-biomass

Njengoko sisazi, ukuze sisebenzise amandla e-biomass, kufuneka sitshise ipetroli. Ngexesha lokutsha kwezibaso, sikhupha i-CO2 emoyeni. Ke ngoko amandla e-biomass ahluke njani kwi-fuelil fuels?

Ngexesha lokukhula kunye nokukhula kwento eluhlaza esiyisebenzisa ukutshisa, izityalo, ukuthena, iintsalela zezolimo, njl. Babenjalo ukufunxa i-CO2 kumoya ojikeleze umhlaba ngokusebenzisa ifotosinthesisi. Oku kwenza ibhalansi ye-CO2 yamandla e-biomass ithathwa njengengathathi hlangothi. Oko kukuthi, isixa se-CO2 esikhupha esibhakabhakeni ngokutshisa i-fuels yendalo sele ithathiwe ngaphambili zizityalo ngexesha lokukhula kwazo, kungatsho ukuba ukukhutshwa okupheleleyo kwi-atmosfera kuyinto zero.

Nangona kunjalo, kubonakala ngathi oku akunjalo kwaphela. Ngokungafaniyo ne-fossil fuels, i-CO2 ekhutshwa ngokutshisa i-biomass fuel, ivela kwikhabhoni eyayisuswe ngaphambili kwi-atmosferi kumjikelo ofanayo webhayoloji. Ke ngoko, azitshintshi ibhalansi ye-CO2 kwiatmosfera kwaye azinyusi isiphumo sokukhulisa ubushushu.

Xa kuvutha naluphi na uhlobo lwepetroli, izinto ezinokutsha zinokuveliswa, phakathi kwazo initrogen (N2), icarbon dioxide (CO2), umphunga wamanzi (H2O), ioksijini (O2 engasetyenziswanga emlilweni), icarbon monoxide (CO ), I-nitrogen oxides (NOx), isalfure dioxide (SO2), engatshiswanga (ipetroli engatshiyo), isot kunye namasuntswana aqinileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ekutshiseni i-biomass, kuphela i-CO2 kunye namanzi afunyenweyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngale ngxoxo iphikisayo ye-CO2? Ewe, i-CO2 iveliswa njengesiphumo sokutsha komlilo we-biomass, kodwa oku kuthathwa njenge-zero balance kuba kuyatshiwo ukuba ukutshiswa kwe-biomass kunegalelo ekwandeni kwempembelelo yegreenhouse. Kungenxa yokuba i-CO2 ekhutshiweyo iyinxalenye yeatmosferi yangoku (yi-CO2 ethi izityalo nemithi iqhubeke ifunxe kwaye ikhulule ukukhula kwayo) kwaye ayisiyiyo i-CO2 efakwe kumhlaba ongaphantsi kumawaka eminyaka kwaye ikhutshwe kwisithuba esifutshane yexesha njengamafutha eefossil.

Ukongeza, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-biomass konga kakhulu kuthutho lwepetroli, ethi yona ikhuphe isixa esikhulu se-CO2 emoyeni kwaye iguqule ukulingana kwendalo.

Njengoko ubona, emva kwezi zithuba zimbini kwi-biomass, eyimithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo, ethi nangona ingaziwa kangako, inegalelo ekuphuculeni ukhathalelo lwendalo kwaye lukhetho lwamandla kwixesha elizayo.