Ehlabathini lonke kukho iindidi ngeendidi zejellyfish, ezinye ziyingozi ngakumbi kunezinye. Ukuya eyona jellyfish iyingozi ehlabathini Yaziwa ngokuba yikharaveli yesiPhuthukezi. Igama layo lezenzululwazi ngu I-Physalia physalis kwaye ineempawu eziyenza ibe yodwa.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga nejellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, iimpawu zayo, ingozi kunye nebhayoloji.
Eyona jellyfish iyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni
Nangona ihlala ibhidekile, indoda yasePortugal (Physalia physalis) ayiyo jellyfish. Ukuhlelwa kwayo kusixelela ukuba i-polyp (i-hydra, inyoka yasemanzini evela eGrisi, kunye ne-zoo, isilwanyana). Luhlobo lweCnidaria phylum, ezihlala emanzini, ikakhulu elwandle, kwaye zineminyaka emininzi yembali.
I-Physalia physalis Luhlobo olunqabileyo, olungaziwayo kwaye aluqhelekanga kwiilwandle. Noko ke, ngaba iikharaveli zesiPhuthukezi ziyingozi ebantwini? Yenye yezona ntlobo ziyingozi kakhulu ekhoyo kuba ubuthi obugcina kwiiseli zayo ezihlabayo bunamandla kangangokuba bunokuba yingozi ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala ngenxa yokothuka kwe-anaphylactic. Indoda yamaPhuthukezi yasemfazweni isikhumbuza ijellyfish, ngokubonakala kwayo kunye nokulunywa kwayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Le pseudomedusa yinxalenye yeplankton yegelatinous eyenziwe liqela lezinto eziphilayo ezinxulumene nekholoni, kunye nezahlulo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ukuququzelela ukusinda kwekholoni yonke. Ezi zezinye zeempawu eziphambili zekharaveli yesiPhuthukezi:
- Ngokubhekiselele kwi-morphology yalo mbutho wamakholoni, amalungu omzimba wayo ahlala edada emanzini, ingakumbi isinyi esimfusa, esipinki, okanye esibhlowu, esizele yigesi. Kule nxalenye kukho nemingxuma emincinci evumela ukuba i-oksijini ifumaneke ukuba isasazwe kulo lonke ikholoni ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yemibhobho. Olu lungelelwaniso luvumela ukuba luhanjiswe ngamaza olwandle kunye nemimoya, ngelixa wonke umzimba uhlala ungaphantsi kwamanzi.
- Ukongeza, oku kwahlulahlulwe komzimba wayo kwanika inkangeleko efana nephenyane, ngoko ke igama layo: i-Portuguese caravel okanye i-frigate yesiPhuthukezi.
- Yongezwe koku, uneminwe okanye iintente ezinokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-50 nangaphezulu, ezinokusetyenziswa ukuzikhusela kumarhamncwa nokubamba amaxhoba.
- Njengombutho wekholoni, ayizozilwanyana ezinobuchopho.
- I-Physalia physalis inenkqubo yokwetyisa eyenziwe ngeepolyps ezininzi ezibizwa ngokuba zii<em>celiacs, kwaye ngaphakathi kuyo zine<em>polyp ezalanayo, engumseki wekoloni.
- Ngokujikeleze i-polyp kukho isithsaba sangasese esinoxanduva lokuvelisa iiseli ezintsha ezibizwa ngokuba yi-gametes. Iziphumo ze-gamete colonies zihla ziye kumgangatho wolwandle, apho zidibanisa kwaye ziqhubeke nokukhulula ezi seli zesini. Nje ukuba ukuchumisa kwenzeke, i-polyp iyakhula kwaye inyukele phezulu ngokuqokelelana kwe-lipid.
- Ngokuphathelele ubukho bayo, iintlobo zifunyenwe kwiindawo ezithile zaseSpain, ezifana neZiqithi zaseCanary, ngakumbi ngeenyanga zikaJanuwari noFebruwari, kwaye zingavela ngezinye izihlandlo ngoMatshi. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo luhlala luhlala kwiikholoni kumanzi ashinyeneyo kunye naphantsi kwetropiki kwimimandla efana nonxweme lweAtlantiki, iFlorida Keys, iGulf of Mexico, iCaribbean okanye uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya.
Ukulunywa yeyona jellyfish iyingozi ehlabathini
Njengoko sele sikhankanyile, indoda yamaPhuthukezi yemfazwe iyingozi ngenxa yokuba iiseli zabo ezihlabayo zivelisa ityhefu engabangeli kuphela neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity kunye cardiotoxicity ukuba amaxhoba, kodwa nabantu okanye ezinye izilwanyana ezichatshazelwa kukudibana. Zinokusibulala ukuba ziyasiluma. Oku kulunywa kwenzeka njengendlela yokuzikhusela ngokupheleleyo xa amaPhuthukezi ebona isoyikiso.
Ngokuphathelele iimpawu ezihlabayo zomntu wasePortugal, kukho uluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lobunzima. Iimpawu ezincinci, ezifana nokutshisa kunye nokurhawuzelela kwindawo apho ukubetha kwenzeka khona, zisenokude zibangele ukuchasana okunzulu okunokukhokelela kumothuko we-anaphylactic kunye nokufa. Ezona mpawu zinzima ziintlungu eziqatha, isicaphucaphu esizingileyo, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane, kwanokufa.
Ukuba awuzange ube namava okuhlaba kweyona jellyfish iyingozi emhlabeni, ezi zenzo zilandelayo ziyacetyiswa:
- I-Primero, Phuma emanzini ngoko nangoko.
- Emva koko ndiyazi kufuneka uhlambe inxeba elibangelwa kukuhlatywa ngamanzi olwandle, iviniga okanye utywala, ngaphandle kokuxubha, ukuba uqaphele kakhulu ukususa nayiphi na intsalela yentente enokuthi ihlale elukhumbeni.
- Ungaze usebenzise amanzi amatsha ukunyanga i-sting njengoko ineziphumo ezibi ezinokwandisa iziphumo. Kwakhona, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ashushu endaweni yamanzi abandayo.
- Ekugqibeleni, Kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye ugqirha ajonge ukwenzakala kunye neziphumo zako. I-Cortisone cream idla ngokucetyiswa.
Ukusasazwa, indawo yokuhlala kunye nezinto ezinomdla
Kuqhelekile ukujonga ubukho bezi jellyfish kwiindawo ezipholileyo nezibandayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwi imimandla yetropiki kunye ne-subtropical yePasifiki, iIndiya, kunye nenxalenye yoLwandlekazi lweAtlantiki. Ezi polyps azixhaphakanga kwiMeditera, nangona zinokubonwa kunxweme lwaseSpain, apho kukho amarhamncwa ambalwa. I-aggregates ezi zinto ziphilayo zifikelela malunga newaka lemizekelo, kwaye kukho ukuxhomekeka okunamandla phakathi kwazo ukuqinisekisa ukusinda.
Nangona i-virulence yayo, i-Portuguese man-of-war ineentlobo zezilwanyana ezizingelayo, phakathi kwazo esinokukhankanya imitha ye-manta, iifudo zaselwandle, i-Glaucus atlanticus slugs kunye ne-sunfish (ekwabonwa njengeyona ntlanzi inzima kakhulu emhlabeni, kunye nobunzima obuyi-1000kg) . Phambi kwezi zidalwa, i-caravel iyakwazi ukuphazamisa isikhwama sayo esikhethekileyo, ivumela ukuba idibanise phantsi kolwandle, inike ingcamango yokuba ifile.
nayo, Kukho ezinye izidalwa ezinokuhlalisana ngemvisiswano egqibeleleyo netyhefu yale jellyfish. Kufuphi neentente zayo sinokufumana intlanzi ye-clown, ekhusela umzimba ngenxa ye-mucous membranes ejikeleze ulusu lwayo, okanye i-Nomeus gronovii, ebudlelwane bayo obusondeleyo kunye ne-man-of-war iyifumene isihloko se-Portuguese man-of-war. intlanzi. Naziphi na ezi zidalwa zikhuselwe kwizilwanyana ezidliwayo ngeentente ze-caravels, ezivumela ukuba zitsale ezinye iintlanzi ezenza ukutya kwazo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu kwihlabathi kunye neempawu zayo.