Amanyathelo okuphumeza iinjongo zamandla ngo-2030

 

 

Kutshanje ipapashwe yi Iarhente yaMazwe ngaMazwe ye Amandla, iBhanki yeHlabathi, iArhente yaMandla aHlaziyiweyo yeHlabathi (i-IRENA), phakathi kweminye imibutho yamazwe aphesheya, uxwebhu olunesihloko esithi "Amandla azinzileyo kubo bonke. Inkqubo-sikhokelo yokuKhangelwa kwiHlabathi liphela. Inkqubela phambili kumandla azinzileyo. Ngo-2017".

Kucetyiswa kakhulu ukuba ujonge, olu xwebhu ligxininisa isidingo sophuculo imiba emithathu ephambili ekufuneka iphunyeziwe iithagethi zamandla ehlabathi ngowama-2030

• El fikelela ukuya kumbane.
• Amandla ahlaziyekayo.
• La ngempumelelo ndinamandla.

Iithagethi zamandla ehlabathi

Ukufikelela kombane

Ukwehla kuyenziwa kwinani labantu abanokufikelela amandla kagesi, kwaye ukuba ayitshintshwanga, ngo-2030 ngekhe kubekho ukufikelela ngokupheleleyo kumbane ukusukela kwi-8% ye abemi behlabathi banqanyulwe ngokupheleleyo.

Okwangoku, ngaphezulu kwe-1.000 billion labantu abanakho ukufikelela kumbane. Zijolise ikakhulu e-Afrika (iAngola, iDemocratic Republic of the Congo, iKenya, iSudan, iUganda, iZambia, njalo njalo) kunye neendawo ezithile zaseAsia, nangona apha kuphuculwe kancinci Ngokusebenzisa amandla elanga e-photovoltaic ngendlela ezimeleyo ngokupheleleyo (kungoko ukubaluleka kwale mithombo yamandla).

Amandla anokuhlaziywa

Ukukhula amandla ahlaziyekayo ibimodareyitha, nangona kungenjalo kwimeko yomoya kunye namandla elanga. Ngawaphi amava okufumana ukukhula okubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa ukunciphisa iindleko.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukungena kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwicandelo lezothutho kunye nezothutho ulwakhiwo. Kula macandelo kukho ifayile ye- ayinakubethwa future, kuba bane amandla amakhulu, ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu okukhoyo kwihlabathi liphela kula macandelo.

Ukusebenza kwamandla

Ngokuphathelele ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandlaUkubonisa nje ukuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu, kuba ukusetyenziswa kuncitshisiwe kwaye amanqanaba abalulekileyo e amandla aphambili.

Ukuba awona mazwe atya umbane kwilizwe lonke ayaqwalaselwa, i-Australia, i-China, i-Itali, i-Mexico, i-Nigeria, i-Rashiya ne-United Kingdom banciphisa ngaphezulu kwe-2% yamandla ombane wonyaka avela ubukhulu becala kwicandelo lezemizi-mveliso, icandelo lezokuhlala liba lixhala kuba endaweni ye Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabo kuye kwaba nefuthe elichaseneyo.

Amanyathelo okuphumeza iinjongo

Nangona uninzi lwentsebenzo lwenzeka, isantya sokuphunyezwa kunjalo Kancincana ngaphezu kokufunwayo. Kubalulekile ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo "ye-eco" eqhutywa kwimicimbi yezamandla ibeke phambili uqoqosho olususwe kwidolophu. Ekugqibeleni, injongo yile nciphisa Imveliso ye-CO2.

Kungenxa yoko le nto, phakathi kwangoku ukuya ku-2030, kufuneka Nyusa phakathi kwama-200% okanye ama-250% otyalo-mali lwe 'net' lwehlabathi umoya ovuselelekayo. Phakathi kwamaxesha amathathu anesithandathu lawo ahambelana nokusebenza kwamandla, kwaye nangaphezulu kwamaxesha amahlanu okuhambelana nokufikelela kombane.

Konke oku kuya kuba ndiqinisekile kuqoqosho lwehlabathi olufana nolwethu, nefuthe inkuthazo kuhlumo loqoqosho kunye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi.

Izakhiwo ezinokusetyenziswa phantse kwamandla ombane

Ngokutsho kwesango inququia.es, ukufumana Isatifikethi se-Passivhaus, isakhiwo kufuneka sinqande ukupholisa okanye ukufudumeza ibango ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezili-15 zeekhilowathi ngeemitha zesikwere ngonyaka.

Amandla esiseko akanakudlula kwi-120 kWh / m² ngonyaka kwaye isithintelo ekuhambeni komoya kufuneka sibe ngaphantsi okanye ilingana no-0,6 wokuhlaziya / ngeyure (ivolumu yomoya kwisakhiwo esingacacanga kufuneka ivuselelwe iipesenti ezingama-60 ngeyure nganye).

Ngo-Agasti 2014, Abacwangcisi be-Energiehaus iba yinkampani yokuqala yaseSpain evunyiweyo yokuqinisekisa izakhiwo ngokomgangatho wePasivhaus. Oku kuvunywa kwenza i-Energiehaus Arquitectos isalathiso sokuqinisekiswa kwezakhiwo kwi ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi.

La Isiqinisekiso sePassivhaus Ayilindelanga kuphela imigaqo yokwakha yaseYurophu kule minyaka ilishumi izayo, kodwa ikwabonelela ngesiqinisekiso sethu kwabo baphuhlisi abafuna ukufumana izakhiwo ezinamandla aphezulu kakhulu, amandla kunye nentuthuzelo.

Umgangatho we-Passivhaus ukhule ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini edlulileyo, ngenxa yoko waba ngumgangatho wamazwe aphesheya Izakhiwo zamandla eziphantsi kakhulu (nZEB).

E-Spain, kungoku nje kukho izakhiwo ezingama-44 ezihlangabezana nezi mfuno ICatalonia ekhokelayo. Apho i-13 lama-44 ligxile ngoku I-Passivhaus Platform yokwakha. Indawo yesibini kwabelwana ngayo neMadrid neNavarra, zombini zintlanu. I-Asturias, iCantabria, ilizwe laseBasque, iCastilla y León kunye neIqithi zaseBalearic zinamacala amabini kwimeko nganye. Ngelixa iGalicia, uLuntu lwaseValencian, iAragon kunye neCanary Islands zongeza ngokulandelelana.