Kumanqaku angaphambili besibonile ukuba yintoni Amandla eKinetic kunye amandla oomatshini. Kula manqaku sikhankanye amandla obushushu njengenxalenye yamandla anefuthe kwaye ophethe umzimba ekuthethwa ngawo. Amandla obushushu Ngamandla onke amasuntswana enza umzimba anawo. Xa ubushushu bujikeleza phakathi kokunyuka nokuhla, umsebenzi womzimba uyanda. Amandla angaphakathi ayenyuka njengoko iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kwaye lincipha xa liphantsi.
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya olu hlobo lwamandla kwaye sigqibe ngakumbi ulwazi lwethu malunga neendlela ezahlukeneyo zamandla ezikhoyo. Ngaba uyafuna ukufunda okungakumbi ngayo? Funda kwaye uya kufumanisa.
Iimpawu zamandla obushushu
Ngamandla aphazamisayo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zekalori ezenzeka xa kudibana imizimba yamaqondo obushushu awahlukeneyo. Logama imizimba igcina ukungavisisani phakathi kwayo, la mandla aya kugqithiselwa ukusuka komnye umzimba ukuya komnye. Yiyo eyenzekayo, umzekelo, xa sibeka isandla phezu komhlaba. Emveni kwexeshana, umphezulu uya kuba nobushushu besandla, ngokuba uyinikwe nguye.
Inzuzo okanye ilahleko yamandla angaphakathi ngexesha lenkqubo kubizwa ngokuba bubushushu. Amandla obushushu afunyanwa kwinani leendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ke ngoko, wonke umzimba oneqondo lobushushu elithile unamandla angaphakathi ngaphakathi.
Imizekelo yamandla obushushu
Makhe sibone ngokweenkcukacha ukuba yeyiphi imithombo yokufumana amandla obushushu:
- Indalo kunye neLanga Yimithombo emibini yamandla ebonelela ngamandla angaphakathi kwimizimba. Umzekelo, xa i-iron iqhubeka iseselangeni, iqondo layo lobushushu liyenyuka kuba lifunxa amandla angaphakathi. Ukongeza, inkosi yeenkwenkwezi ngumzekelo ocacileyo wamandla obushushu. Ngowona mthombo mkhulu wamandla obushushu. Izilwanyana ezingakwaziyo ukulawula ubushushu bazo zisebenzisa lo mthombo wamandla ukwenza njalo.
- Bilisa amanzi: Njengoko ubushushu bamanzi bunyuka, amandla obushushu kuyo yonke le nkqubo aqala ukuphindaphindeka. Lafika ixesha lokuba ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu anyanzele amanzi ukuba atshintshe isigaba.
- Indawo yomlilo: amandla aveliswa kwiitshimini avela kukunyuka kwamandla obushushu. Apha ukutsha kwezinto eziphilayo kugcinwa ukuze ikhaya ligcinwe lifudumele.
- Isifudumezi: Ikhonza ukonyusa ubushushu bamanzi ngendlela efanayo naxa sibila.
- Ukuphendula okumangalisayo ezenzeka ngokutshiswa kwepetroli.
- Ukuphendula kwenyukliya ezenzeka nge fission yenyukliya. Kwakhona kwenzeka xa kwenzeka ngokuxutywa kwenucleus. Xa ii-athomu ezimbini zinentlawulo efanayo, ziyadibana ukuze zibe nenusus enzima kwaye ngexesha lenkqubo zikhupha isixa esikhulu samandla.
- Iziphumo zejoule kwenzeka xa umqhubi ejikeleza umbane kunye namandla e-kinetic anee-elektronon aguqulwe aba ngamandla angaphakathi ngenxa yokungqubana okuqhubekayo.
- Amandla okulwa Ikwavelisa amandla angaphakathi, kuba kukho ukutshintshiselana kwamandla phakathi kwemizimba emibini, nokuba yeyokwenyama okanye yenkqubo yemichiza.
Aveliswa njani amandla obushushu?
Kufuneka sicinge ukuba amandla awenziwanga okanye atshatyalaliswe, kodwa aguqulwe kuphela. Amandla obushushu aveliswa ngeendlela ezininzi. Kuveliswa kukuhamba kweeathom kunye neemolekyuli zomcimbi njengohlobo lwamandla e-kinetic aveliswa ziintshukumo ezingahleliwe. Xa inkqubo inexabiso elininzi lamandla obushushu, iiathom zayo zihamba ngokukhawuleza.
Usetyenziswa njani amandla obushushu?
Amandla obushushu anokuguqulwa ziinjini zobushushu okanye ngomatshini. Phakathi kwemizekelo eqhelekileyo yinjineli yemoto, inqwelomoya okanye inqanawa. Amandla obushushu anokufakwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezona ziphambili:
- Kwezo ndawo apho kufuneka ubushushu. Umzekelo, njengokufudumeza ekhayeni.
- Ukuguqulwa kwamandla oomatshini. Umzekelo woku ziinjini zokutsha ezimotweni.
- Utshintsho lwamandla ombane. Oku kuveliswa kwizityalo zamandla ashushu.
Umlinganiselo wamandla wangaphakathi
Amandla angaphakathi alinganiswa ngokwe Inkqubo yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeeYunithi kwiiJoules (J). Ingabonakaliswa kwiikhalori (i-Cal) okanye i-kilocalories (Kcal). Ukuqonda amandla angaphakathi kakuhle, kufuneka sikhumbule umgaqo wolondolozo lwamandla. "Amandla awenziwanga okanye atshatyalaliswe, atshintsha kuphela ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye." Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona amandla eqhubeka etshintsha, ihlala ikwinto efanayo.
Amandla e-kinetic athwalwa yimoto xa ihlaba isakhiwo iya ngqo eludongeni. Ke, ngenxa yoko, amandla ayo angaphakathi ayonyuka kwaye imoto inciphisa amandla ayo e-kinetic.
Imizekelo yamandla obushushu
Ubushushu okanye amandla obushushu ngumzekelo ku:
- Izilwanyana ezinegazi elifudumeleyo. Umzekelo, xa siziva sigodola siwola abanye. Kancinci kancinci siziva ngcono, kuba ihambisa ubushushu bayo kuthi.
- Kwisinyithi esiveliswe lilanga. Ehlotyeni, ngakumbi, iyatsha.
- Xa sifaka ityhubhu yomkhenkce kwindebe enamanzi ashushu siyabona ukuba iyanyibilika ngenxa yobushushu obuqhutywa kuyo.
- Izitovu, iiradiyetha, kunye nakwezinye izinto Inkqubo yokufudumeza.
Ukudideka rhoqo
Kuqhelekile ukuba ubhidanise amandla obushushu namandla obushushu. Ihlala isetyenziswa njengezithethantonye nangona ingenanto yakwenza nayo. Amandla obushushu agxila ngokukodwa kubushushu obusenzeka kwiziganeko zekhalori. Ke ngoko, yahlulwe kumandla obushushu obushushu kuphela.
Ubungakanani bobushushu emzimbeni ngumlinganiselo wamandla obushushu, Ngelixa ubushushu obunokuphuma emzimbeni bubonisa ukuba inamandla aphezulu obushushu. Iqondo lobushushu lomzimba lisinika uvakalelo lobushushu kwaye linokusinika umqondiso obonisa ubungakanani bamandla obushushu enawo. Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, okukhona ubushushu bukhona emzimbeni, kokukhona amandla.
Ubushushu bunokudluliselwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Makhe siziqwalasele nganye nganye:
- Imitha yelitha yombane.
- Ukuqhuba. Xa amandla ehanjiswa ukusuka emzimbeni ofudumeleyo uye kumzimba opholileyo, ukuqhuba kwenzeka. Ukuba imizimba ikubushushu obufanayo, akukho tshintsho lwamandla. Inyaniso yokuba la mabhunga mabini alingana nobushushu bawo xa enxibelelana ngomnye umgaqo we-physics obizwa ngokuba yi-thermal equilibrium. Umzekelo, xa sibamba into ebandayo ngesandla, amandla obushushu adluliswa kwinto ebangela uvakalelo lokubanda esandleni sethu.
- Ukuhanjiswa. Oku kwenzeka xa iimolekyuli ezishushu ziguqulwa zisuka kwelinye icala ziye kwelinye. Kwenzeka kwindalo ngokuqhubekayo emoyeni. Amasuntswana ashushu adla ngokuhamba apho kukho uxinano oluncinci.
Amanye amandla ahambelana noko
Amandla obushushu ahambelana nezinye iindlela zamandla. Apha sinazo ezinye zazo.
Amandla elanga ashushu
Luhlobo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo aqukethe amandla elanga abe bubushushu. La mandla asetyenziselwa ukufudumeza amanzi ngeendlela ezahlukileyo ezifana nasekhaya okanye ezibhedlele. Ikwasebenza njengokufudumeza ngeentsuku zasebusika. Umthombo lilanga kwaye ufunyanwa ngqo.
Amandla ombane
Ukufumana amandla obushushu kubangela ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo ngenxa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhon diokside kunye nenkunkuma eqhumayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amandla avela kumbindi womhlaba ayasetyenziswa. Ikwaluhlobo lwamandla ahlaziyekayo angangcolisiyo okanye abangele monakalo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Amandla ombane kunye neekhemikhali
Amandla obushushu anokuguqulwa abe ngumbane. Umzekelo, amafutha eefosili avelisa umbane ngokuwutshisa kunye nokuwukhulula. Amandla ombane anikwa ngenxa yomahluko onokubakho phakathi kwamanqaku amabini kwaye ivumela ukwenza umbane wombane phakathi kokubini xa zidibana nomqhubi wombane. Umqhubi unokuba sisinyithi.
Amandla obushushu luhlobo lwamandla akhutshwe ngohlobo lobushushu ngenxa yokunxibelelana nomzimba oneqondo lobushushu eliphezulu ukuya kwelinye elinobushushu obusezantsi, kananjalo unokufunyanwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo okanye iindlela njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili. Amandla ekhemikhali ngulowo unesibophelelo semichizaOko kukuthi, ngamandla aveliswa kuphela kukusabela kweekhemikhali.
Ngolu lwazi uya kuba nakho ukuqonda ngcono amandla obushushu.