Njengoko sele uyazi, ukusukela oko iifosili zathatha inyathelo lamandla kwiplanethi yethu, ukukhutshwa kwegesi yendlu eluhlaza kuye kwanda kuphela. Ngenxa yoko, kuye kwavela into yehlabathi egrogrisa ukutshabalalisa iplanethi yethu kwaye iye yaba sisoyikiso sokuqala kuluntu jikelele. Imalunga notshintsho lwemozulu. Olu tshintsho kwimozulu yehlabathi aluchaphazeli onke amazwe ngendlela efanayo. Ke ngoko, kule posi siza kugxininisa indlela utshintsho lwemozulu oluchaphazela ngayo iSpain.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iziphumo, oonobangela kunye neziphumo ze Utshintsho lwemozulu eSpain? Qhubeka ufunda kuba esi sithuba silayishwe ngolwazi olunomdla 🙂
Imvelaphi yokutshintsha kwemozulu eSpain
Iigesi zegreenhouse zinako ukugcina ubushushu kubume obuphakathi komoya. Obu bushushu bugciniweyo kwaye, ke ngoko, abuphumeli ngaphandle buya kwenza amaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwiplanethi yonke kwii-0,6 degrees. Ngenxa yoku, inkqubo eyoyikwa kakhulu luluntu lwenzululwazi kunye noluntu sele iqalile eyaba nefuthe eluntwini kangangokuba yabangela ifilimu edume kakhulu njengoMhla wangomso. Imalunga nokunyibilika komkhenkce osemkhenkceni.
Kuyinyani ukuba ukunyamalala komkhenkce kwipali esemantla akuyi kubangela ukunyuka kolwandle, kuba umkhenkce udada emanzini kwaye sele ufumene umthamo. Ngokulula, loo volumu iya kutshintshwa ngamanzi angamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, amanzi aqulethwe yimithambo ese-Antarctica kunye neqabana lomkhenkce elisasazeke kwihlabathi liphela, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Amanqanaba olwandle anyuke ukusuka kwisentimitha ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-12.
E-Spain, utshintsho lwemozulu lusongela umngcipheko womlilo, ukunqongophala kwamanzi okusela, izikhukula kunye nembalela, ukulahleka kwezityalo, njl. Konke oku kuyasondela kwinkangeleko yayo yesiqhelo. Namhlanje sele siqonda ngokwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nembalela.
Amanqanaba emvula ehlile nge-15% ngonyaka we-hydrological 2016-2017 kwaye, ukongeza, ibingunyaka wesithandathu ushushu ukusukela oko kubhalwa amaqondo obushushu.
Iziphumo ezibi zokutshintsha kwemozulu
Ithuba lokuba inqanaba lolwandle lifike ekunyukeni kobude beemitha ezi-3 liya liyinyani. Kuya kufuneka ucinge ngokurhoxa okusokoliseka ngumkhenkce minyaka le. Imvula ngohlobo lwekhephu iya isiba sezantsi nangaphezulu kwaye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukuba imeko yokunyuka kwamanqanaba olwandle iyaqhubeka ngoluhlobo, ngonyaka wama-2100, iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba zingalahleka. E-Spain, indawo enkulu ye-Barcelona, i-Santander, i-Malaga kunye ne-A Coruña ziya kuzaliswa ngamanzi ngokupheleleyo. I-Doñana National Park ayinakubakho njengoko kunjalo kwaye i-Ebro delta iya kunyamalala.
Konke oku kuya kuba neziphumo ezibi kuluntu lwaseSpain. Babeza kuhlala phi abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezinezikhukula? Kuthekani ngoqoqosho lonxweme, iilwandle, ukhenketho nazo zonke izindlu? Kuya kuba yintlekele ngokwenene.
Ayisiyiyo kuphela inyuko yolwandle echaphazela iSpain kwaye ikhathaza izazinzulu. Ngokwedatha evela kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Wezendalo, eSpain sifumana iipesenti ezingama-74 zomhlaba kwinkqubo yentlango. Kukwalindeleke ukuba ama-20% omhlaba ophilileyo namhlanje, abe sengozini yokuba yintlango phakathi kwama-50%. Le yingxaki enkulu kwizityalo ngenxa yokuncitshiswa kwendawo yokulima kunye nokwanda kwabemi behlabathi.
I-Extremadura, i-Castila La Mancha, i-Andalusia kunye ne-Levante yonke indawo inenxalenye enkulu yomhlaba enokuthotywa. Njengoko kulindelwe, le mpembelelo iya kuba neziphumo ezibi kwimisebenzi yezolimo kwaye zonke izinto eziphilayo ziya kuchaphazeleka kakubi.
Uhlobo lokuba sesichengeni
Ngokuphulukana nenani leehektare nomhlaba ochumileyo njengoko kusenzeka, sifumana inkqubo engenakuphinda ibuye inyuse ubungozi bezinto eziphilayo. Sicinga ukuba ichaphazela kuphela iintlobo zezilwanyana kunye nezityalo, kodwa ikwachaphazela nabantu. Kwaye kukuba intlango yommandla awunampembelelo zimbi kuphela ekuchumeni komhlaba nakwimisebenzi yezolimo.
Imfuduko yasemaphandleni eya kwizixeko ezikhulu iyanda. Izigidi zabantu zifudukela ezixekweni emva kokuwa kwezolimo zemveli kwimihlaba ehlwempuzekileyo. Konke oku kukhokelela ekubeni oovimba bendalo beendawo ezingqonge iidolophu baxatyiswe kakhulu ngabantu. Ezi zixhobo zikwimibhobho yamanzi kunye nezizathu Ukuphela kwamanzi kunye nokunyuka kwenqanaba longcoliseko.
Konke oku kuthetha ukuba iziphumo zotshintsho lwemozulu ziyaqhubeka nokukhula ngakumbi kwaye ekuphela kwento esiyenzayo kukuyondla kwakhona kwaye siyenze ibe nkulu kwaye ibe yingozi ngakumbi.
Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu abangela i-asidi yeelwandle kunye notshintsho lwamava olwandle amava kunye nawo, kubangela utshintsho kusasazo lweentlobo. Oku kuyaqondakala njengenkqubo yokutshisa kweentlobo zetropiki. Yi uthando olupheleleyo kwiipesenti ezingama-60 zokuloba zaseSpain kunye nezaselwandle.
Utshintsho lwemozulu, iinkqubo zasemanzini kunye nezilwanyana ezingenayo
Utshintsho lwemozulu lwenza ukuba i-ikhosistimu yasemanzini ingabi sisigxina, kodwa ngamaxesha athile onyaka. Iyantlukwano yendalo ephilayo emanzini efana nemigxobhozo, amachibi kunye nemisinga yeentaba ayifani ngaphambili. Ngokubanzi, bahlala benomsebenzi oqhubekayo ngokuhamba kwexesha kunye nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo kuzo. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku baqala ukuguquguquka ngamaxesha athile, kuxhomekeke kweliphi ixesha lonyaka abakulo.
Ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu kunye ne-CO2 emoyeni zibangela utshintsho olwahlukileyo kwimimoya yendalo yasemanzini. Siyakhumbula ukuba imimoya inefuthe elikhulu kwiindawo zokuloba kwaye ibangela ukonyuka komphunga wamanzi.
Okokugqibela, utshintsho lwemozulu luthanda ukwanda kweentlobo zezityalo ezingenayo nezinokutshabalalisa zitshabalalise iintlobo zemveli.
Utshintsho lwemozulu yingxaki enkulu emhlabeni kwaye kufuneka imiswe.