Kubekho ifayile ye- uzinzo kwisalathiso kwaye uvile ngayo. Esi salathisi luphawu lwendalo.
Ngemiceli mngeni mitsha evelayo, kufuneka sonyuse kwaye sigqibe lonke ulwazi olunokuthi lusinike i-GDP (iGross Domestic Product), iIsalathi sisetyenziswe kwihlabathi liphela kwimeko yezoqoqosho.Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze sikwazi ukuyila imigaqo-nkqubo elungeleleneyo enokubonisa ukuzibophelela kwindalo esingqongileyo nakwintlalo-ntle yoluntu.
Esi salathisi se-biophysical uzinzo, kwaye sendisele ndithetha kuphela malunga nendawo yemvelo, iyakwazi ukudibanisa iseti yeempembelelo abantu abanazo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukuthathela ingqalelo njengoko kusengqiqweni, zonke izibonelelo eziyimfuneko kunye nenkunkuma evelisiweyo kuluntu ekuthethwa ngalo.
Uthini umkhondo wendalo?
Indawo yokuma kwendalo ichazwa njenge
indawo evelisayo yendalo iyonke efunekayo ukuvelisa izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngummi ophakathi woluntu olunikiweyo, kunye naleyo iyimfuneko yokufunxa inkunkuma eyivelisayo, nokuba ithini na le mimandla.
Uphononongo lwenyawo yendalo
Ukuze simisele njengesalathi-nkqubela, kufuneka kuqala sazi indlela yokubala umkhondo weenyawo, kwezi zinto zinje:
Ukuhamba kwezinto kunye namandla kuhlala kufuneka ukuvelisa nayiphi na into elungileyo okanye inkonzo (ngaphandle kwetekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo). Ezi zinto kunye namandla avela kwiinkqubo ze-ecological okanye ukuhamba ngokuthe ngqo kwamandla avela kwiLanga kwiimbonakalo ezahlukeneyo.
Ziyafuneka, Iinkqubo zendalo ukuze zithathe inkunkuma evelisiweyo Ngexesha lokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweemveliso zokugqibela.
Imiphezulu yeefayile ze Izinto eziphilayo ezivelisayo neziphilayo ziyacuthwa okoko indawo ihlala abantu ngezindlu, izixhobo, izakhiwo ...
Ngale ndlela sinokubona ukuba esi salathisi idibanisa iimpembelelo ezininzi, nangona ezinye kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo, ezinje ngezo zithatha kancinci impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
Impembelelo yokwenene yokusingqongileyo
Ezinye iimpembelelo azichazwa, ngakumbi imeko esemgangathweni, njengokungcola komhlaba, amanzi, kunye nomoya ojikeleze umhlaba (ngaphandle kwe-CO2), ukhukuliseko lomhlaba, ukulahleka kwendalo okanye ukuthotywa ukusuka kwimbonakalo yomhlaba.
Kucingelwa ukuba iinkqubo kumacandelo ezolimo, imfuyo kunye namahlathi zizinzile, oko kukuthi, imveliso yomhlaba ayinciphi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Impembelelo enxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ayiqwalaselwaNgaphandle kokungeniswa ngokuthe ngqo komhlaba ngamadama nezixhobo zokusebenza kunye namandla ahambelana nolawulo lomjikelo wamanzi.
Njengomgaqo ngokubanzi, kuyazanywa ukuba kungabalwa loo miba apho kukho amathandabuzo malunga nomgangatho wokubala.
Kule meko, kuhlala kukho utyekelo lokukhetha olona khetho lubalulekileyo xa kufikwa ekufumaneni iziphumo.
Biocapacity
Into edityanisiweyo kulwakhiwo lwezinto eziphilayo nendalo yile biocapacity yommandla. Yiyo kuphela indawo evelisa izinto eziphilayo Ezifumaneka njengezityalo, amahlathi, amadlelo, ulwandle olunemveliso ...
Ndibhekisa kwibhayocapacity njengento eyongezelelweyo kuba Umahluko kwezi zikhombisi isinika njengesiphumo Ukusilela kwendalo. Oko kukuthi, ukusilela kwendalo kulingana ne imfuno yezixhobo (unyawo lwendalo) ngaphantsi izixhobo ezikhoyo (Ubungakanani bendalo).
Ngokombono wehlabathi, kuqikelelwa kwi I-1,8 ha ye-biocapacity yomhlaba kumhlali ngamnye, okanye yintoni enye efanayo, ukuba besinokwabela umhlaba onemveliso umhlaba ngokulinganayo, kubo bonke abantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi ezithandathu zezigidi emhlabeni, iihektare eziyi-1,8 bezingangqinelana nazo zonke iimfuno zabo kunyaka omnye.
Oku kusinika umbono wenkcitho enkulu kunye nenkcitho esiyenzayo, oko kukuthi, ukuba siqhubeka ngoluhlobo, uMhlaba awuyi kuba nakho ukubonelela wonke umntu.
Njengedatha enomdla, phawula loo nto I-USA inendawo ye-9.6Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba lonke ihlabathi lihlala njenge-US kungathatha ngaphezulu kwe-9 kunye nesiqingatha seeplanethi zomhlaba.
Ubume bendalo bendawo ISpain i-5.4
Bala i-footprint yendalo
Ukubala kwesi salathisi kusekelwe kwi uqikelelo lwendawo evelisa imveliso eyimfuneko ukwanelisa ukusetyenziswa okuhambelana nokutya, kwiimveliso zehlathi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuhlala ngqo komhlaba.
Ukwazi ezi ndawo zibanzi, amanyathelo amabini ayenziwa:
Bala ukusetyenziswa kwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwiiyunithi zomzimba
Kwimeko apho kungekho datha yokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kwemveliso nganye kuqikelelwa ngala mabinzana alandelayo:
Ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo = Imveliso-Ukuthumela ngaphandle +
Guqula oku kususa kubume obuchanekileyo bokuvelisa ngokusebenzisa isalathiso semveliso
Oku kuyalingana nokubala indawo eyimfuneko ukwanelisa umndilili wokusetyenziswa komntu ngamnye kwimveliso ayinikiweyo. Amaxabiso emveliso ayasetyenziswa.
Unyawo lwendalo = Ukusetyenziswa / ukuvelisa
Ixabiso lemveliso esiza kuyisebenzisa linokubhekiswa kwinqanaba lehlabathi, okanye linokubalwa ngokuthe ngqo kumhlaba othile, kungoko kuthathelwa ingqalelo itekhnoloji esetyenzisiweyo kunye nokusebenza komhlaba.
Ukubala okuqhelekileyo, i ukusetyenziswa kwemveliso yelizwe jikelele (Njengokuba ubonile ngasentla) kuba kunokwenzeka ngale ndlela ukwenza uthelekiso lwamaxabiso afunyenwe kulwakhiwo lwendalo kwisikali sendawo kwaye inegalelo ekumiselweni kwesalathiso.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla
Ukufumana umkhondo wendalo ngokubhekisele ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla, kwenziwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuxhomekeke kumthombo wamandla oza kuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Kwizibaso. Owona mthombo wamandla asetyenzisiweyo, nangona uncipha ngombulelo kumandla ahlaziyekayo, indawo yendalo ilinganisa indawo yokufunxa i-CO2.
Oku kufunyenwe kusetyenziso lwamandla ewonke, zombini ngokuthe ngqo kwaye zinxulunyaniswa nemveliso kunye nokusasazwa kwempahla kunye neenkonzo ezisetyenzisiweyo, zahlulwe ngamandla okulungiswa kwe-CO2 kwindawo yehlathi.
Ubalo olushiyekileyo
Nje ukuba ukusetyenziswa kubaliwe kwaye ii-indices zemveliso zisetyenzisiwe, sinokuba nayo imimandla eyahlukeneyo yemveliso iqwalaselwe (izityalo, amadlelo, amahlathi, ulwandle okanye izinto ezingezizo).
Icandelo ngalinye lineemveliso ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji (umz
Ukwenza oku, kumphezulu ngamnye Ilinganisiwe ngeendlela zokulingana ezibonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwemveliso yendalo yoluhlu ngalunye lomhlaba ngokubhekisele kwimveliso ephakathi komhlaba.
Ngale ndlela, into yokuba ukulingana kwamahlathi yi-1,37 kuthetha ukuba imveliso yehektare enye yehlathi, kwi-avareji, iipesenti ezingama-37 zemveliso ngaphezu komndilili wemveliso yommandla wonke.wendawo yemveliso yelizwe.
Nje ukuba izinto zokulingana zisetyenzisiwe kudidi ngalunye lomhlaba obaliweyo, ngoku sinazo unyawo lwendalo olubonakaliswe kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba ziihektare zehlabathi (gha).
Kwaye ngayo yonke le nto ukuba singanakho ukuqhubeka nokuzidibanisa zonke kwaye ke ngaloo ndlela sifumane umqondiso opheleleyo wendalo.
Bala olwakho ugcino lwendalo
Wakhe wazibuza ukuba "indalo" ingakanani indlela ophila ngayo? Iphepha lemibuzo "Umkhondo we-ecology" ubala inani lomhlaba nolwandle oluyimfuneko gcina indlela oyisebenzisa ngayo uze uyifunxe inkunkuma rhoqo ngonyaka.
Njengomzekelo oqhelekileyo, ezi zixhobo zihlala zijongana nezi ndawo zilandelayo:
- Amandla: Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ekhaya. Ukubalwa kwehlabathi ngohlobo lwamandla ngonyaka, kunye neendleko ezichaphazelekayo.
- Amanzi: Uqikelelo lweepesenti zokusetyenziswa ngokomndilili kunye neziphumo zokwenza isitayile sakho sokuchitha amanzi.
- Ezothutho: Zingaphi iindawo ezigqibeleleyo onokuzenza kwiplanethi ngokongeza konke ukufuduswa kwabantu kunyaka.
- Inkunkuma kunye nezixhobo: Inani lenkunkuma eveliswe ekhayeni lomntu ngamnye kunye neepesenti zezinto ezinokuphinda zisebenze.
Emva kokuphendula Imibuzo elula engama-27 Kwi-MyFootPrint, uya kuba nakho ukuthelekisa umzila wakho wendalo kunye nabanye abantu kwaye ufumanise ukuba singalinciphisa njani ifuthe lethu eMhlabeni.
Tyelela iphepha mzobo uze uphendule imibuzo.
Ukuba wonke umntu ebephila kwaye ephila ngendlela efanayo ebesiya kuyidinga 1,18 Imihlaba, Ndidlula kancinci kakhulu nangona kule minyaka idlulileyo iye yehla ukusukela oko ndiqala ukufunda malunga nomxholo wezinto eziphilayo endizenzileyo kwaye ndiyakhumbula ukuba bendingu-1,40, ke ngoko sikumkhondo ofanelekileyo.
Ungathathi hlangothi indawo yethu ebonakalayo kwindalo
Umgangatho wehlabathi wendalo
ukuba Ukwenziwa kweenyawo zendalo eSpain eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukunyathela kwamandla, Ukuba nesabelo se-68%, ngaphezulu kwe-50% esekwe kwihlabathi liphela.
Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba eyona nto iphambili kule nyathelo (amandla ombane) yimveliso Izinto zabathengi ezine47,5%, le Kubalwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokuthe ngqo kunye namandla aqulathwe kwimpahla engeniswa elizweni.
Emva kwendawo yesibini sinecandelo lezothutho nokuhamba nge-23,4% nakwindawo yesithathu izindlu nge-11,2%.
Ngokusekwe kwezi datha, kuqikelelwa ukuba ISpain inokuswela kwe-4 ha ngomntu ngamnyeOko kukuthi, i-175 yezigidi zehektare kwilizwe lonke.
Ngamafutshane, minyaka le iimfuno zabemi baseSpain ngaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-2,5 ummandla wayo ukuze ukwazi ukugcina umgangatho wokuphila kunye noluntu. Ke ngoko, sinesiphene sendalo esingaphezulu komndilili we-EU kwaye oko kubonisa ukuba iSpain inendawo kuphela yokubonelela ngokutya kunye nemveliso yehlathi kuluntu lwangoku.
Kodwa into ebalulekileyo apha yile Nje ukuba sineziphumo zenyathelo lendalo kufuneka silinciphise.
Ukunciphisa unyawo lwehlabathi okanye kwinqanaba lobuqu ayikho enye into ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imikhwa elungileyo ezinzileyo enjengokusetyenziswa ngendlela enengqondo kwamanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zikawonke-wonke okanye enye indlela engangcolisiyo, ukuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kweebhalbhu zokukhanya ezisetyenziswa kancinci, ubushushu yeefestile neengcango, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye nexesha elide njl.
Ezi zithethe zilula (ezixabisa kancinci ekuqaleni kodwa ekugqibeleni zibe yinxalenye yobomi bethu) inokuba nefuthe lokonga amandla emakhaya malunga ne-9% kwikhaya ngalinye.