Kwabo kuthi baphinde basebenzise eminye imibuzo beza kuthi rhoqo. Iibhotile zeglasi Zigqityiwe kwihlabathi liphela nangamanani amakhulu, ngakumbi kwimivalo. Ke ngoko, ukurisayikilisha kwakhona kubalulekile. Umbuzo okanye ukuthandabuza okuvelayo ngulo. Iibhotile zeglasi ziphinda zisetyenziswe njani? Wenza ntoni ngazo? Kwelinye icala, nanini na xa sisiya kwisikhongozeli esiluhlaza, sifunda isilumkiso sokuba azifaki ziikristale okanye iiseramikhi. Kutheni le nto isenzeka?
Yonke le mibuzo kunye neminye iya kuphendulwa kulo myalezo. Ke, ukuba ufuna ukusombulula ukungathandabuzeki kwakho ngaxeshanye, kufuneka uqhubeke ufunde 🙂
Phonsa iglasi kwisitya esiluhlaza
Masiqale ngezinye zeempazamo ezenziwa ngabantu abaninzi xa kufikwa kumba wokurisayikilishwa kweglasi. Kwaye baphosa iiglasi zokucinga ukuba ukwakhiwa kuyafana. Iglasi okanye iglasi ayenziwanga ngezinto ezifanayo njengebhotile. Umahluko ophambili kwezi zinto zimbini ngumxholo we-oxide okhokelela kwikristale.
Le oxide ekhokelayo inoxanduva lokuba iglasi ayinakunyibilika kwiziko elifanayo apho iibhotile zeglasi ziyanyibilika ukuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe. Ke ngoko, ukuququzelela ukurisayikilisha kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba kugcinwe kuphela iglasi kwisitya esiluhlaza.
ICrystal ukwakhiwa kweglasi okuqulathe uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwelothe oxide. Oku kwenziwa kuba kufezekisa ukukhanya kunye nesandi seglasi. Ke ngoko, kokukhona isandi sikhanyisa ngakumbi iglasi, kokukhona iya kuba ne-oxide ekhokelayo.
Umthetho ngulo umisela ukuba iibhotile zeglasi zinoxinaniso oluphezulu lwezinyithi ezinzima. Umda ngamalungu angama-200 kwisigidi ngasinye. Esi sesona sizathu sokuba kubonakala ngathi iglasi inomgangatho omncinci, inokuqaqamba okuphantsi kunye nesandi. Nangona kunjalo, enkosi kolu xinzelelo luphantsi lwezinyithi ezinzima, zinokubekwa kwiziko lokunyibilika ukuze izikhongozeli ziphinde zisetyenziswe.
Ukuba asiyisebenzisi kwakhona iglasi kakuhle kwaye siyifaka kwisitya esiluhlaza, iyakuphelela kwi-oveni enye neglasi kwaye iya kuba kukukhutshwa kweegesi ezingcolisayo okanye iya kuba yinxalenye yezinye iibhotile.
Iingxaki ekusetyenzisweni kwakhona kweebhotile zeglasi
Enkosi kumngxunya omncinci kwisitya esiluhlaza, iqinisekisa ukuba abemi abenzi zintlondi xa kufikwa ekurisayikilisheni. Kubalulekile ukuba amaphulo okurisayikilisha aqale ukufundisa kwicandelo lokukhathalela okusingqongileyo kunye nokurisayikilisha ukuze abantu bayiqonde into abayenzayo.
Kukho iiglasi ezimbalwa kunye neiglasi ezigalelwa kwiglasi. Ngapha koko, kule mihla kusetyenziswa i-lead oxide, kodwa i-barium oxide. Oku akuyongozi kwixesha elide, kodwa kwenza ukuba umsebenzi wokurisayikilisha iibhotile zeglasi kube nzima. Ukufika kwii-oveni zezinye izinto kubi kakhulu kuneglasi yekristale okanye iiglasi yeyona nto iyonakalisa inkqubo.
Kukho izinto ezithile eziqulathe iglasi kodwa ezingenakuphindwa ziphinde zenziwe kwakhona kwisitya esinye esiluhlaza. Umzekelo, ifestile engaphambili yemoto yenziwe ngeglasi, kodwa ayiyiyo kuphela iglasi. Ifestile yomoya yenziwe ngamanqanaba aliqela njengesandwich. Kukho iipleyiti zeglasi ezimbini kwaye embindini iphepha le-polyvinyl butyral. Eli qela lipolymer elinako ukufunxa uxinzelelo ukuze i-windshield ikwazi ukuxhathisa ngakumbi.
Injengokubengezela i-glazing ikwanazo neiglasi zokutyabeka ukubonisa eminye imitha yelanga ye-ultraviolet kunye nokufaka ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, ngenxa yeglasi, iifestile ezininzi zinemibala. Eyona nto ikhathazayo enokufakwa kwisikhongozeli esiluhlaza ziityhubhu ezindala zeTV kunye nabagadi beekhompyuter. Ezi zinto zineglasi kodwa azinakuphinda zisebenze kwakhona kwi-oveni enye njengeebhotile zeglasi njengoko zinokuxinana okuphezulu kwe-oxide yelothe kunye ne-phosphorus oxide.
Njani iglasi iphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona
Lo ngomnye umbuzo oza engqondweni xa sifaka ibhotile yeglasi kwisitya esiluhlaza. Benza ntoni ngabo? Into yokuqala kukucacisa okwenziweyo ngezixhobo ezichazwe kwicandelo elidlulileyo. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuzalisa imisebenzi kunye neendlela.
Ewe, xa oku kucociwe, siqhubeka ngokuchaza inkqubo yokuphinda isebenze kwakhona yebhotile yeglasi. Zonke izikhongozeli esizifaka kwisikhongozeli esiluhlaza ziyaqokelelwa zisiwe kwindawo yonyango. Kulo mgangatho sizama ukuphinda sisebenzise kwakhona i-100% yemathiriyeli. Ngesi sizathu, iglasi yinto erisayikiliswayo ngobuninzi kwaye ekufuneka isetyenzisiwe ngakumbi ukubuyisela utshaba lwethu, iplastiki.
Inkqubo yonyango isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kuba zonke izinto zinokuphinda zisebenze kwakhona kwaye akukho nanye yeempawu ezilahlekileyo xa iphinde yenziwa kwakhona. Inkqubo yonyango iyazenzekelayo kwaye iyenziwa ngoomatshini kwaye yenziwa ngokusetyenziswa koomatshini abakhethekileyo. Kukho amabhanti okuhambisa apho uzama ukwahlula yonke imathiriyeli engalunganga ekusebenziseni izinto kwakhona. Phakathi kwezi zinto sifumana izikhongozeli zeplastiki, iikhokho, amatye, iiseramiki kunye nephepha. Singamangaliswa zizinto ezininzi ezinokuthi zilahlwe ngabantu emgqomeni oluhlaza.
Ezi bhanti zokuhambisa zinomahluli wemagnethi ukuqokelela zonke izinto zentsimbi. Iglasi icocwe de kube ubuninzi bezinto ezinokubakho bunokubakho bufikelelwe esiphelweni. Ke iyagqitha koomatshini abathile ababiziweyo I-KSP esebenza ngokudlula kwesibane kwiglasi. Yile ndlela ezifunyanwa ngayo ezo zinto zingabonakaliyo kwaye kumiliselwa umjelo omncinci wamanzi ozisusayo kwibhanti yokuhambisa.
Izinto eziluncedo zokurisayikilisha iibhotile zeglasi
Nje ukuba iglasi ihambe zonke iinkqubo zokukhetha ezichazwe apha ngasentla, iyacolwa ide ibe yicalcin. Le calcin ayinanto ngaphandle kweglasi ecocekileyo, yomhlaba. Le calcín ivumela ukufumana iibhotile ezintsha zeglasi ngomgangatho ofanayo nowangaphambili kunye nokusebenzisa amandla amancinci ngexesha lenkqubo.
Kungenxa yokuba inkqubo yokurisayikilisha ifuna ubushushu obunyibilikayo obusezantsi kunezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezenziwe ngayo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi uya kwazi ngakumbi malunga neebhotile zeglasi kunye nokuphinda zisetyenziswe.