Phinda usebenzise iphepha yenye yezona zinto zixhaswa kakhulu emhlabeni 3R. Singatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwephepha akuyeki ukukhula ngokuqhubekayo kwihlabathi liphela. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba abantu abaninzi sele bethenga iincwadi kwifomathi ekwi-Intanethi kwaye bazama ukugcina iphepha nge-imeyile, imiboniso yePDF, njl Ukusetyenziswa kwephepha kuhlala kuphezulu. Isixhobo esifunyenwe kumasetyhula emithi. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukuze kusetyenziswe iphepha, kufuneka kugawulwe imithi. Ukuba oku kugawulwa kungalawulwa kwaye ayingomsebenzi ozinzileyo, siya kuzisa i-ecosystems ukugawulwa kwamahlathi.
Kweli nqaku siza kukubonisa indlela yokuphinda usebenzise iphepha kwakhona kunye nokusetyenziswa kwalo ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwezi zinto kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
Iindleko zokusingqongileyo zokusetyenziswa kwephepha
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ayisiyi-100% yomthi ogawuliweyo ukuze wenze iphepha iluncedo ngokupheleleyo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-40% yomthi ogawuliweyo usetyenziselwa ukwenza iphepha. Emva kwexesha, xa le nto iphelela ezandleni zethu, iyachithwa unyaka nonyaka kungekho mntu unokumisa oku kungasetyenziswa. Le nyani yokugawula imithi uze umoshe iphepha elenziweyo inokuphela ukuba sifunda ukuphinda silisebenzise iphepha.
Ukuphuhliswa kunye nohlobo lwamahlathi kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokwenziwa kwephepha. Indawo apho kusetyenziswa iphepha elininzi iya kuba namazinga aphezulu okugawulwa kwemithi. Umzi mveliso wephepha uphakathi kwabona bantu babhubhisa kakhulu amahlathi emhlabeni. Ukongeza, akufuneki kuphela ukuba kwenziwe amaphepha, kodwa kukwafuna isixa esikhulu samanzi, amandla kwaye, ngexesha lokwenziwa kwawo, ukungcola kukhutshwa kuzo zombini izinto eziphuma kunye neegesi.
Ke banokufumana umbono, ishishini le-pulp nelamaphepha likwindawo yesi-5 kumashishini afuna owona mandla mkhulu kunye nelona manzi ngetoni nganye yemveliso evelisiweyo. Ukongeza, ziphakathi kwamashishini avelisa owona moya ungcolisayo nomoya. Ezi zinto zingcolisayo zibandakanya iigesi zegreenhouse ezibangela utshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukubala kusixelela ukuba iipesenti ezingama-40 zemithi ezivunyiweyo kwiplanethi zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iphepha. Kwelo pesenti, I-25% isetyenziselwa ngqo ukwenza iphepha kwaye enye i-15% isarha amaplanga, iibhodi kunye nezinye iimveliso zeemveliso. Phakathi kokuveliswa kwephepha sifumanisa ukuba imithombo yento eluhlaza yile:
- I-17% ivela kumahlathi aphambili (amahlathi angazintombi).
- Ama-54% amahlathi asekondari.
- I-29% yezityalo zehlathi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwephepha
Njengoko ubona kwezi pesenti zingasentla, amahlathi angakhange axhatshazwe okanye achukunyiswe ngezandla zabantu ayagawulwa ukuze kwenziwe iphepha. Amaxesha amaninzi sithatha iphepha, sibhale into kwaye ukuba ayilunganga, siphela sikrazula iphepha size sililahle emgqomeni. Ukongeza, kwiiyunivesithi isixa esikhulu sephepha sichitha zombini iimviwo, kunye nezinto ezenziwayo, ii-asayinimenti, iingxelo, amanqaku, njl. Inkunkuma ayikholeleki.
Kwezinye iindawo, bazama ukutyala imithi ekhula ngokukhawuleza ukuyilawula nokufumana iphepha apho. Ingxaki kukuba le mithi ityaliweyo ithatha indawo yamahlathi kunye nendalo, kwaye iyeza elinetyhefu kunye nezichumisi zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukukhula. Ezi khemikhali zinobungozi kwindalo kwaye ziphela zonakala nangakumbi.
Kwelinye icala, inkqubo ebandakanya ukutsha kwephepha ifuna ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezinobungozi njengeklorin nezinye izinto. Phakathi kwenkunkuma eveliswe kule nkqubo, Sifumana ii-organochlorines ezinjengee dioxin ezichaphazela kakhulu impilo yabemi kunye neplanethi ngokubanzi.
ESpeyin amaphepha amaninzi ayamoshwa. Ngo-2012, ukusetyenziswa komhlali ngamnye kunye nonyaka kwakuyi-170 kg. Eli nani liyonyuka ukusukela kule minyaka, nangona kusekude kwi-206 kg e-United Kingdom okanye kwi-225 kg eJamani. Nangona eSpain iphepha elincinci lisetyenzisiwe kunakwamanye amazwe, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba i-40% yayo ichithwe ngokupheleleyo.
Indlela yokusebenzisa iphepha kwakhona
Ukuze uphinde usebenzise iphepha ekhaya, kufuneka uthotho lwezixhobo. Nangona iinkqubo ezithile ezinjengokumhlophe kwephepha zingenakwenziwa kwaye, ngenxa yoko, uninzi lwemiba mibi (njengombala omdaka ngakumbi endaweni yomhlophe), ungenza iphepha elinokuphinda lisetyenziswe ekhaya. Ukuba ungomnye wabantu abasebenzisa isixa esikhulu sephepha ukwenza amanqaku, amanqaku, njl. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa iphepha elirisayikilishwe kwaye ungasebenzisi inkunkuma ngamaphepha aveliswayo avela kungcoliseko nasekugawuleni imithi.
Izinto oza kuzifuna zezi:
- Inwele
- Amanzi
- Iziqwenga ezincinci zephepha elilahlayo
- Iitawuli zamaphepha okanye amalaphu okuhlamba
- Irola
- Iphephandaba okanye ikhadibhodi
- Isikhongozeli esikhulu
- Wocingo okanye efanayo
Ngoku siza kuhlalutya inyathelo ngenyathelo ukuze, ngezi zixhobo, ufunde ukufunda ukuphinda usebenzise iphepha.
- Njengomthombo wemathiriyeli eluhlaza, sebenzisa iphepha elidala ongalifuniyo okanye oza kulilahla. Kufuneka zicoceke ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle kokutya ukutya okanye ezinye iintsalela.
- Ziqhekeze zibe ziincinci ezincinci ukuze zilawuleke ngakumbi kwaye uzifake kwibhakethi lamanzi ubusuku bonke. Kule nkqubo, iphepha lisikwa ngesiqingatha. Oko kukuthi, ukuba usebenzise i-2 kg yephepha, uya kushiyeka nge-1 kg.
- Sibeka iinxalenye ezimbini zamanzi kwiphepha ngalinye kwi-blender kwaye sidibanise de sifumane imveliso ngokungathi sisosi.
- Sisasaza umxube kumnatha wocingo kwaye songeza amagqabi omisiwe, iintyatyambo okanye iziqholo, ukuba siyafuna.
- Sidlulisa irola ukususa amanzi agqithisileyo kwaye sidlula isiponji esomileyo esiya kunceda ukufunxa onke amanzi.
- Sijika umnatha wocingo phantsi ukushiya iphepha eliphinde lasetyenziswa kwikhadibhodi okanye kwiphephandaba elisebenza ukugqiba ukomisa iphepha.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngezi ngcebiso ungafunda ukuphinda usebenzise iphepha.