Imoto ayisiyiyo kuphela ekhwela kwimoto yombane. Ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya kukwakhomba kwelo cala, nkqu nentengiso, nangona kusekho iminyaka embalwa ukuze ibe yinto enokwenzeka, njengokuba kunjalo namhlanje ukubona iBMW i3, iNissan Leaf okanye kancinci iTesla ezindleleni zethu.
Ukuqalisa kwaseMelika, uWight Electric, uzibekele iinjongo eziphambili: ukuphuhlisa inqwelomoya yombane kule minyaka ili-10 izayo, ngomthamo wabagibeli abayi-150, abanokuqhuba iinqwelomoya ezingaphantsi kweekhilomitha ezingama-300 (iikhilomitha ezingama-482), umgama ongaphantsi kwalowo wahlula iMadrid kwiBarcelona (iikhilomitha ezingama-504).
Okwangoku, uWright Electric unesivumelwano sentsebenziswano kunye ne-Easyjet kunye neminyaka eli-10 ezayo ukufezekisa isithembiso sakhe.
Ngelishwa, amanye amazwi awanathemba. «Zimbini iingxaki ezinkulu: eyokuqala, kukufumana iibhetri ezigcina amandla, kunye nobunzima bazo. Okwesibini kukufezekisa iinjini ezinamandla afana nalawo asebenza ngoku ", utshilo u-Alejandro Ibrahim, injineli ye-aeronautical kunye nomlawuli kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya iTeruel.
Isicwangciso sikaWright Electric kukwakha indawo yokugcina izinto ejolise kwicandelo elithile ukugubungela iindlela ezimfutshane. Ezi ntlobo zeenqwelomoya zisondele $ 87.000 yezigidigidi kunyaka ophelileyoKonke oku kongeza iinqwelomoya ezingama-967 ezithengiswe yiBoing kunye neAirBus.
Ifemi, ebekwe eMassachusetts, itsalele kwisifundo se-MIT ukubonisa ukuba, ngo-2003, iinqwelomoya ezifutshane zazizezona zidumileyo phakathi kweenqwelomoya 'ezincinci' ezo zinokuhlalisa abagibeli abamalunga ne-150, imodeli nje abazimisele ukuyenza. Kule grafu ilandelayo le migca iyabonakala ukuba umgama ohanjiweyo lolu hlobo lweenqanawa, ngokuchanekileyo, u-Wright Electric uzimisele ukusebenza, kwaye eSpain iya kuvumela uhambo olusuka eMadrid luye kwinani elikhulu leenqwelomoya ngaphakathi peninsula.
Ngale nto, inkampani icebisile Isicwangciso seminyaka eli-10 othemba ukuba siguqukeItekhnoloji yombane yeyona ephawula imephu yendlela. Ukuba ukusebenza kweebhetri kuphuculwe ngokwaneleyo, baya kuba nakho ukwakha 100% moya moya. Ukuba abakafumani uxinano oluyimfuneko, banokubheja kumxube ophakathi iinjini zemveli ezaziza kubiza iibhetri zenqanawa Kwaye bazakuqhuba iimoto zombane, ngohlobo lweemoto ezifana neChevrolet Volt okanye iOpel Ampera namhlanje.
Isicwangciso sikaWright Electric sizibophelele ekugcineni uyilo lwesintu oluhambelana nemigaqo yabasemagunyeni kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya kwaye vumela ukusebenza kwi-30% yeenqwelo moya eziqhutywa ziinqwelomoya ezinomzimba omxinwa umgama oziikhilomitha ezingama-450. Isabelo sentengiso esinexabiso lokuqalisa malunga ne-26.000 yezigidi zeedola.
Inkampani ayisiyiyo kuphela enamabhongo ngombono we umhambi wenqwelomoya ngombane kwixesha eliphakathi. Kunyaka ophelileyo, i-Nokia kunye neAirbus zatyikitya isivumelwano sokuphuhlisa iinqwelomoya ezisebenzisa umbane ukuze, ngo-2030, kube kunokwenzeka ukuba abakhweli abali-100 Bhabha kwinqwelomoya yezi mpawu. Ukubhabha ngombane ngomnye wemiceli mngeni emikhulu kwishishini lethu, utshilo ngelo xesha UTom uyavuma, CEO yeAirbus eYurophu.
I-Easyjet ikwanazo nezinye iiprojekthi ezandleni ukuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla eenqwelomoya zakho kwaye, ngelishwa, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2. Enye yazo ihamba ngokusetyenziswa kweeseli zehydrojeni, ngokutsho kwenkampani, eya kuyivumela ukuba igcine Iitoni ezingama-50.000 zamafutha ngonyaka. Njani? Ukugcina amandla xa iziqhoboshi zobugcisa ngexesha lokumisa ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya Ngexesha lokuhamba komhlaba. Kukule ndlela yokusebenza kuphela abayisebenzisayo I-4% yezibaso kune-Easyjet isetyenziselwe unyaka omnye.
Iimpompo zeoyile ukutshona kwelanga
UBertrand Picard, omnye wabaqhubi beenqwelomoya weSolar Impulse II, inqwelomoya eyayijikeleza ilizwe jikelele inikwe amandla elangaIkwasete umqobo ofanayo: "Kwiminyaka eli-10 siza kubona iinqwelomoya eziza kuthwala abakhweli abangama-50 kwiinqwelo-moya ezimfutshane neziphakathi." U-Ibrahim akathembanga kangako ngalo mda, kumbuzo wamaxesha anxulumene noyilo kunye nophuhliso lwenqwelomoya: «Inethemba elincinci. Ukusuka kuyilo ukuya ekuqinisekiseni kuthatha iminyaka eli-10 kwaye xa uyinikezela kwi-EASA nakwi-FAA [abasemagunyeni kwisikhululo senqwelomoya kwi-European Union nase-United States] sele kufuneka uchaze kwinqwelomoya into oza kuyenza. Ngamazwi ka-Ibrahim, uyilo kunye nenkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwenqwelomoya kuthintela ukuphuculwa kwempukane.
Kweli candelo kufuneka songeze enye ingongoma ebalulekileyo: ukuqhutywa. «Impembelelo yeSolar, engumntu obhabha ngephiko elikhulu, ayifani inqwelomoya eyi 80.000 kilos. Eyokuqala yayineemoto ezisibhozo, khawufane ucinge ukuba umbane ubufanele ukuba yintoni, ”utsho u-Ibrahim. Ngelo xesha akukho propellant inegunya elilingana nejeti enye.
Ihlobo laseAirbus lindiza ngenqwelomoya i-E-Fan, inqwelomoya enenkululeko yokuhlala Imizuzu engama-30 emoyeni (inani linokongezwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini nekota ngenxa yenjini yokutsha) kwivIsantya esiphezulu seekhilomitha ezingama-220 ngeyure. Esona sithuthi sikhawulezayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku yi-Long-ESA, eyafikelela kuma-326 km / h ngoJulayi ka-2012.
«Kuyimfuneko ukuguqula uyilo lweinjini ukuze zibe nazo ubunzima obuncinci namandla angaphezulu. Ukugcinwa kwebhetri kufuneka kuphuculwe kakhulu. Emotweni, enobunzima be-1.500 kilos, ayongxaki, kodwa kukwinqwelomoya, kuba intlawulo incitshisiwe, utshilo u-Ibrahim. U-Elon Musk, u-CEO we-Tesla, wachaza ngeloxesha isidingo seshishini lombane ukuze likwazi ukwenza iibhetri Ubuninzi be-400 WH / kg. Ukuxinana okuphezulu kweTeslas ngoku kurhanelwa ukuba kuneebhetri ezifikelela kwi-250 Wh / kg.
Ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwephesha kwimveliso yebhetri akufuneki kuyenze loo nto ibonakale ingenakwenzeka, nangona uphawu lweminyaka eli-10 lukaWright Electric lunjalo kubonakala ngathi banamabhongo ukufezekisa ukuba inqwelo moya yomkhweli yombane iyakwazi ukudibanisa izixeko ezahlukileyo zaseYurophu.
