Iziqithi zeCanary zaqala ukuba nesingqisho esihle kuphuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokuveliswa kombane ngendlela ecocekileyo ngazo. Nangona kunjalo, khange ikwazi ukwenza inkqubela phambili elungileyo ekuphunyezweni kwala mandla ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi.
Kuphela yi-7,7% yokusetyenziswa kombane evela kwimithombo enokuhlaziywa ngo-2017. Yintoni eyenzekileyo kwinkqubela phambili enkulu ebinayo iCanary Islands malunga namandla acocekileyo?
Ukulibaziseka kokuhlaziywa
Iziqithi zeCanary khange zikwazi ukugcina isingqisho esihle ebinaso kuphuhliso nasekumiliselweni kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo. Ukulibaziseka ekulo kulo mcimbi kuyabonakala xa unikwe amandla amnyama kutshanje kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji. Oku kucinywa kwamnyama kwezinto ezinokuhlaziywa kunemiphumo emibi kulondolozo lwendalo kunye nabemi, kuba amandla amaninzi asetyenzisiweyo avela kwimithombo engcolisayo.
I-archipelago inamandla amakhulu, angenakuphikiswa kunye nendalo yokuvelisa amandla acocekileyo, ikakhulu avela elangeni naselangeni. Nangona kunjalo, awufumani ngokwaneleyo. Imvelaphi yala mandla amnyama ibangelwa zizizathu zomthetho, ezomthetho kunye nezolawulo ezibangela ukuba ulawulo lukarhulumente, nangona lunombono ocacileyo nozimeleyo, ukulibaziseka kwangaphambi kokuhlaziywa.
Impembelelo yokungabikho kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo
Inyani inokubonwa xa kuhlaziywa amatyala ombane oLuntu oluzimeleyo kwiiCanary Islands. Ngokwedatha efunyenwe ngu Inkampani yoluntu iRed Eléctrica de España (REE) yonyaka ka-2017, Yi-7,7% kuphela yazo zonke iimfuno zombane ezinokugutyungelwa ngamandla ahlaziyekayo. Le mithombo yayingumoya kunye nefotovoltaic kwaye incinci kakhulu yombane we-hydroelectric owaziwayo kwiprojekthi yeGorona del Viento, kwii-El Hierro Islands.
Onke amandla avelisiweyo kunye nokutya avela kwimithombo engcolisayo (abanye ngakumbi kunabanye). IiCanaries zinokubanakho ukuphinda zihlaziyeke kwaye zikwazile ukophula irekhodi e-El Hierro xa zichithe ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-50 zigcina nje ezihlaziyiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela phambili encinci sele yenziwe kule minyaka idlulileyo kwicandelo lokuphinda kuhlaziywe, nangona bekukho intetho eqhubekayo malunga nesidingo sokutshintsha inkqubo yamandla.
Iziphumo ezifunyenwe ngokuhlalutya ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokuveliswa kwedatha ayinakuba mbi ngakumbi. Ukuvela kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo rhoqo ngonyaka akunto okanye akunamsebenzi ekuqwalaseleni ukuphuculwa.
Imvelaphi yengxaki
Imvelaphi yokusetyenziswa okuphantsi kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kwiiCanary Islands kuvela kumandla afakiweyo. I-archipelago ifake kuphela amandla okuvelisa umbane ngee-megawatts ezingama-319,5, i-11,6% yetotali ekhoyo kwezi ziqithi (kwii-megawatts ezingama-2.754, 100%). Eli xabiso lihanjiswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 5% ukusuka kumoya (kwiPeninsula, 23%), 6,1% ukusuka kwi-photovoltaic (kwiPeninsula, i-4,5%, irekhodi kuphela eligqithisiweyo ziziqithi), i-0,4% kwi-hydroelectric kunye ne-0,1% ukusuka ezinye izinto ezinokuhlaziywa.
Ukubona ngcono imvelaphi yengxaki, kufuneka sihlalutye okwenzekileyo ngowama-2017. Kwinkqubo yombane osingasiqithi, abathengi bafumene amandla aphindaphindwe kathathu kumandla ahlaziyiweyo njengeCanary Islands. Umyinge phantse i-25% yetotali, ngelixa kwii-Canary Islands zi-7,7% kuphela. Umthombo we-hydraulic awuthathelwa ngqalelo kweli nani, kuba alikho kwiiCanaries. Ukuba songeza la mandla kwinto esetyenziswa peninsula, ifikelela kwi-32%.
Olu gubungela ngamandla aluhlaza kwiPeninsula lwalunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba amandla afakiweyo okuzivelisa, nawo ngaphandle kwe-hydraulic, iphinde yaphindeka kathathu kunaleyo yeeCanary Islands, nge-31% iyonke kule meko. Ukuba igalelo le-hydraulic longezwa, Amandla afakiweyo okucoceka ngaphakathi kwehlabathi afikelela kuma-51%.
Njengoko ubona, ezivuselelekayo ziyaqhubeka kwezinye iindawo ngaphezulu kwezinye. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iSpain inako konke ukuvuseleleka, ayisetyenziswanga ngokwaneleyo ukunceda ukulwa notshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokuya kutshintsho lwamandla.