Kuvakala ngathi yintsomi yesayensi, kodwa ewe, iprojekthi yesiQithi seDogger iyinyani: Isiqithi esingeyonyani esikwisiqithi se- Ulwandle loMntla, kodwa luyintoni?
Isiqithi saseDogger unenjongo ecacileyo: inokubonelela ngombane ohlaziyekayo kubantu abazizigidi ezingama-80 Europe e 2050.
Europe iceba ukwakha isiqithi esingeyonyani (Isiqithi seDogger), esinezibuko kunye nesikhululo seenqwelomoya, esenzelwe ukuba sisebenze njengendawo yeefama zomoya ezinkulu ezingaselunxwemeni eziza kubonelela ngabantu abazizigidi ezingama-80 ngamandla ahlaziyekayo.
Isiqithi se-6,5-skwere-khilomitha siya kuqokelela amandla kumawakawaka oomatshini bomoya abatsha abafuna ukufaka kude nonxweme.
Alemania isebenza ne ENetherlands y EDenmark ukucwangcisa nokwakha isiqithi esitsha esiza kubonelela ngamandla kumazwe akumantla ntshona e Europe.
Isiqithi siza kudityaniswa EUnited Kingdom, ENorway, i ENetherlands, Alemania, EDenmark y EBelgium, kunye angakha kwiSiqithi seDogger kuLwandle lwaseMantla.
Isiqithi kulindeleke ukuba sibe nezityalo ezisebenzisa amandla elanga ukuvelisa amandla amakhulu. Iya kuba nezibuko kunye nendawo yokufika ukuququzelela ukufikelela.
Iingxelo zibonisa ukuba le projekthi iza kuba nzimaUmzekelo, ukwakhiwa kweziseko zesiqithi esingeyonyani kuya kubiza malunga ne-1,35 yezigidigidi zeerandi, ngokokuqikelela kokuqala.
Iprojekthi ebonakala ngathi iyaphambana kodwa, ukuba iyenziwa, iyakwazi yenza lula amandla omoya aveliswa elunxwemeni.
Ulwandle lwaseMantla lunesantya esiphezulu kwaye sizinze ngakumbi kuneso sifunyanwa iifama zomoya zonxweme, kwaye izityalo ezisebenza ngemitha yelanga ziya kubonelela ngamandla ngaphandle kokuhlala nayiphi na indawo yomhlaba enokusetyenziselwa ukwakha izindlu okanye ezolimo.
Inkampani ithi uluvo lwesi siqithi lwaphendula kwiimfuno ze-European Union zokulwa kutshintsha kwe mozulu. Amandla ahlaziyekayo aya kuba sisitshixo ekuphumezeni ezi njongo kwaye ilanga kunye nomoya ziya kufuneka ukubonelela ngamanqanaba amandla rhoqo ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka. Iinyanga zasehlotyeni ziya kuzisa ilanga elininzi, ngelixa iinyanga ezibandayo zizakuzisa umoya ongaphezulu.
Ngokutsho kukaGlar Nilsen, umlawuli wenkampani yamandla eDenmark iErerginet: “Thina uxanduva lokuhambisa umbane owenziweyo ngoomatshini bomoya abasebenza elunxwemeni babuyela emhlabeni (Isiqithi seDogger) kwaye abathengi kufuneka basoloko betyhala kwaye baqinisekise ukuba ixabiso lihlala lihla.
Eyona fama yomoya inxweme likhulu ehlabathini
Eyona fama inkulu yomoya iselunxwemeni ikwi-Kent yonxweme (eNgilani). Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona paki inkulu, abaxhasi bayo baceba ukwandisa amandla ayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-870 MW kwisigaba sesibini ilinde ukuvunywa.
Emva kweminyaka emine yokwakha notyalo mali olungaphezulu kwe- 2.200 izigidi Iiyuro, ipaki yenziwe Ii-injini zomoya eziyi-175 zeVestas SWT, Oku kunabela elwandle okuhlala kwindawo emalunga ne-100 leekhilomitha kumgama weekhilomitha ezingama-20 ukusuka kunxweme lwaseKent, kumazantsi mpuma eNgilane.
Umndilili we Iikhilomitha ezili-450 iintambo zasemanzini kunye izikhululo ezibini ezingaselunxwemeni, ebeka embindini amandla aveliswa ziinjini zomoya phambi kokuyihambisa emhlabeni ngaphakathi.
Ukudibanisa iinjini zomoya
Ukulungiselela ukufakelwa kweinjini yomoya nganye elunxwemeni, kuye kwafuneka kwakhiwe umnatha rhoqo weemfumba ezilungelelaniswe neempawu ezithile zolwandle, ngobunzulu obuhluka phakathi kweemitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezingama-25 ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Ezi nkxaso zivumela i-injini nganye ukuba inyuswe IVestas SWT-3.6MW-120 ngaphezulu kwenqanaba lolwandle, kwaye kwelinye icala, yenza njengesiseko sokuhambisa ubunzima bayo ukuya kuthi ga I-225 itoni emhlabeni.
Inye yee-injini zomoya eziyi-175 zinobude be- 147 mitha, 90 mitha Rotor ubukhulu kunye blade ubude 58,5 mitha. Ukuthuthwa kwamandla okwenziwa nganye nganye, kukho 210 km yentambo yolwandle edibanisa itanki nganye kunye nezikhululo ezibini ezingaselunxwemeni, kwaye zona zidibanisa nokudibanisa Cleve induli kumhlaba owomileyo 4 iintambo ka 150 kV ezifikelela kwi 220 km yobude.
Ngokwengqikelelo yabakhuthazi, kwi-2012 ifama yomoya elunxwemeni eyayikho ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ibonelela malunga 1,5% yombane, kodwa nge-London Array eli nani kulindeleke ukuba lenyuke ngaphezulu kwe- 5% kuthintela ukukhutshwa kwe I-925.000 itoni yonyaka CO2.
Ukwamkelwa kwamandla omoya njengenye yezona zinto zingcolisayo kwaye zikhuselekile kwindawo yamandla aseYurophu kuqala ukudlala indima efanelekileyo kwimveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo kwilizwe lonke. Kwimeko yomoya oselunxwemeni, amandla aveliswa ziinjini zomoya anefuthe elincinci kwi ngileyo, ayifuni ukulahla okanye ukushenxisa umhlaba, kwaye ukubekwa elunxwemeni, kunefuthe ngaphantsi kobundlobongela kwizilwanyana nezityalo xa kuthelekiswa nomoya oqhelekileyo.
Ukwanda kwexesha elizayo
I-London Array igqithile kulindelo lwefama yomoya kwi Ingxaki yeGoodbard, Iziseko zophuhliso ezikuloo ndawo inye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku zibambe isihloko sesona sikhulu ifama yomoya yonxweme kwihlabathi elinomthamo ofakiweyo we I-500 MW. Kodwa akuphelelanga apho.
Ngombono wokuqhubeka nokukhokelela ugqatso olunomdla kumoya waselunxwemeni owenziwe yi-United Kingdom, abaxhasi beLondon Array ngoku bazimisele ukwandisa amandla abo ukusuka kwi-630 MW yangoku ukuya kwi 870. Eli nqanaba lesibini lilindele ukuvunywa ngabasemagunyeni abohlukeneyo, kodwa liyakudibanisa le fama yomoya njengeyona inkulu yakha yakhiwa. Kule 2017 sizakuba nayo impendulo?