Ukusukela ngoDisemba ophelileyo, idolophu encinci enabemi abaphantse babe ngama-3400 ebekwe eNormandy (iTououvre-au-Perche) bonwabele indlela yelanga enobude obuyikhilomitha enye, eyona inkulu kwiimpawu zayo emhlabeni. Eli ziko, elimiselwe ngokusesikweni nguMphathiswa Wezendalo, uSégolène Royal, lijolise ekubeni ngumgangatho kutshintsho lwamandla.
Umbono wokuhambisa iipaneli elanga ezindleleni ukuze uvelise umbane ayonto intsha. Inyathelo lokuqala lolu hlobo lwavela ngaphezulu kweminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo eUnited States kwaye, ukusukela ngoko, iiprojekthi ezifanayo ziye zaphuhliswa kwizixeko ezinjengeAmsterdam okanye iBerlin. Kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku beziindlela zelanga kunye neemitha ezimbalwa. Ngokwamajelo eendaba aliqela aseFrance, iprojekthi yeWattway izise inqanaba elitsha.
Ikhokelwe yinkampani yokwakha yoluntu i-COLAS (iqela le-Bouygues) kunye ne-National Solar Energy Institute (i-INES), ngokuthatha inxaxheba kweKhomishini ye-Atomic Energy kunye ne-Alternative Energy Energy (i-CEA) kunye ne-Univserdiad de Savoie, i-Wattway iye yambatha imizimba emva kweminyaka emihlanu yophando kunye iimvavanyo ezenziwa eVendée, eBouches-du-Rhône naseYvelines, nangona ibhedi yovavanyo yokwenyani iyakuba yindlela ngokwayo.
Indlela yelanga ine-2800 m2 yeepaneli ze-photovoltaic zelanga ngendlela yeethayile ezinamathele kwi-asphalt kwaye ikhuselwe ngamandla yintsimbi ekhuselayo ethi, ngokwamaqabane eWattway, "ibenza bakwazi ukumelana nokuhamba kwazo zonke iintlobo zezithuthi, kubandakanya izithuthi. izithuthi ezinzima ”, ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukubambelela okuhle phakathi kwamavili kunye nendlela. Ezi modyuli zenziwe ngumbutho weSNA, okwiTourouvre-au-Perche; Oko kukuthi, kwidolophu enye enendlela entsha.
Umbane ovelisiweyo uya kufakwa kwinethiwekhi yokuhambisa yendawo ngonxibelelwano oluthe ngqo. Ngokwe-COLAS, indawo engaphezulu kwe-20 m2 yomkhondo yanele ukubonelela ngombane endlwini (ngaphandle kobushushu). Kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kuvelisa amandla acocekileyo ukubonelela ngombane eluntwini kuluntu olukhankanyiweyo lwaseNorman (3.298 abahlali).
Ukugxekwa kuhola wendlela welanga laseFrance
Le projekthi ingaqhelekanga, ixhaswe ngabaphathi baseFrance, iindleko 5 million. Kodwa ngaphambi kokukhankanya ukugxeka okufunyenweyo, masibonise amanye amanqaku ukuba sihlale sikhumbula malunga nezi ndlela zivelisa amandla:
- Olona ncedo lukhulu lokuhamba ngendlela yelanga kukuba kuthintela ukusetyenziswa komhlaba olimekayo ukuvelisa umbane. Ngayo, ibiya kuba negalelo kolunye uncedo kuhola wendlela.
- Imfuno yamandla ehlabathi izakuphindaphinda i-x2 ngonyaka wama-2050.
- Iindlela zihlala kuphela kwizithuthi ezili-10% yexesha.
- Kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo iifayile ze- Ukuvela rhoqo kwetekhnoloji ye-photovoltaic, Ukwenza iiseli zelanga zisebenze ngakumbi kwaye zitshiphu ukuzenza.
Kwakukho ukugxeka okumbalwa okufumanekileyo, ikakhulu okunxulumene ne ixabiso eliphezulu yale projekthi yelanga. Kuyavunywa ukuba, oluhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwalubonakala, kuba ukufumana umgangatho we-photovoltaic ukumelana nokugcwala kwetrakhi kwenza ukuba umsebenzi ubize kakhulu.
Yayo ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kuba ngaloo mali kwakuza kufakelwa isityalo elanga sineepaneli ezithandileyo. Indawo ekuyo ibuzwa kwakhona, njengoko kukho iindawo eFrance ezinelona nani liphezulu leyure ngonyaka. Apha kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba intsebenziswano ejongene nokuvelisa ezi modyuli ikwiTourouvre-au-Perche.
Inyani yile yokuba nangona ngo-Okthobha ophelileyo iSebe lezeNdalo labhengeza ukuba ukuveliswa kweziseko zoncedo kuya kuba ziiyure ezingama-17 zeekhilowathi (kWh) ngosuku, kungekudala emva koko kuye kwafuneka ukuba ilungise kwaye ibonakalise ukuba imveliso elindelekileyo ngama-963 kWh ngosuku. Oko kukuthi, amaxesha angamashumi amabini ngaphantsi.
Iingcali azibabuzi obu buchwephesha buthile. Kodwa bayazibuza ngokusebenza kwayo, kwaye bakholelwa ukuba oluhlahlo-lwabiwo mali belunokutyalwa kwezinye izixhobo ezinokuhlaziywa ezinenzuzo eqinisekisiweyo.
Umendo welanga owenziwe ngeepaneli zeWattway
Le ndlela yaseNormandy iyakwazi ukuthatha amandla elanga kwaye ivelise umbane osetyenziselwa indawo. Ukwakhiwa kwayo i-pavement ekhethekileyo yelanga ebizwa ngokuba wattway, olumelana nokugcwala kwezithuthi. Umgangatho welungelo lobunikazi we-photovoltaic owawufuna iminyaka emihlanu yophando kunye nophuhliso. Emva kwakhe yinkampani yeColas kunye neZiko leSizwe laMandla elanga.
Ngokomvelisi wayo, 20m2 yeeWabsway slabs zanele ukubonelela ngendlu.
Ezi paneli ze-photovoltaic zifumana ukuxhathisa okukhulu kuba zenziwe nge-resin ye-resin ye-resin. Ngamanye amagama, iiseli ze-photovoltaic zifakwa phakathi kwamawaka ezinto ezinganyangekiyo. Ubukhulu bayo ziimilimitha ezimbalwa, kuqinisekisa ukubambelela kwamavili, kwaye iyavuma ukukhubazeka okubangelwa kukutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu endleleni.
Elinye inqaku elinomdla lale nto ifunyenwe kufakelo lwayo: inamacwecwe afakelwe ngqo kwipavumente esele ikho.
Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula