Amandla omoya yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo emhlabeni kumandla ahlaziyekayo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka sazi kakuhle ukuba isebenza njani. Inkqubo ye- Iinjini yomoya Ngenye yezinto eziphambili zolu hlobo lwamandla. Inokusebenza okugqibeleleyo kwaye kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeturbines ngokuxhomekeke kwifama yomoya apho sikhona.
Kule nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga neinjini yomoya, iimpawu zayo kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo.
Yintoni i-injini yomoya
Iinjini yomoya sisixhobo esiguqula amandla omoya abe ngamandla ombane. Iinjini zomoya ziyilelwe ukuguqula amandla e-kinetic omoya abe ngamandla oomatshini, Kukuhamba kwe-axis. Ke kumvelisi weinjini yomoya, la mandla oomatshini aguqulwa abe ngumbane. Umbane owenziweyo unokugcinwa kwibhetri okanye usetyenziswe ngokuthe ngqo.
Kukho imithetho emithathu esisiseko ye-physics elawula amandla afumanekayo omoya. Umthetho wokuqala uthi amandla aveliswa yiinjini yomoya alingana nesikwere sesantya somoya. Umthetho wesibini uthi amandla afumanekayo alingana nendawo etshayelwe yikhaba. Amandla alingana nesikwere sobude bebala. Umthetho wesithathu umisela ukuba ubuninzi bokusebenza kwe-turbine yomoya ngama-59%.
Ngokungafaniyo namatshini omoya amadala omoya eCastilla La Mancha okanye eNetherlands, kwezi zixhobo zomoya zityhala iirhasi ukuba zijikeleze, kwaye oomatshini bomoya banamhlanje basebenzise imigaqo-nkqubo enobunzima be-aerodynamic ukubamba amandla omoya ngokufanelekileyo. Ngapha koko, isizathu sokuba i-injini yomoya ishukumise iincakuba zayo iyafana nesizathu sokuba inqwelo-moya ihlala emoyeni, kwaye kungenxa yento ebonakalayo.
Kwiinjini zomoya, zimbini iintlobo zamandla e-aerodynamic eziveliswa kwiijikelezo zerotor: enye ibizwa ngokuba kukujija, ejonge kwicala lokuhamba komoya, kwaye enye ibizwa ngokuba kukutsala, okuhambelana nokuhamba komoya umoya.
Uyilo lwee-turbine blades luyafana kakhulu nolwephiko lwenqwelomoya kwaye luziphatha okokugqibela kwimeko ezinomoya. Kwiphiko lenqwelomoya, omnye umphezulu usisazinge kakhulu, ngelixa omnye uthe tyaba. Xa umoya ujikeleza ngamatye okusila oku kuyila, ukuhamba komoya kumphezulu ogudileyo kuhamba kancinci kunokuhamba komoya kumphezulu ojikelezayo. Lo mahluko wesantya ngokwahlukileyo uya kuvelisa umahluko woxinzelelo, olungcono kumphezulu ogudileyo kunakwindawo ejikelezileyo.
Iziphumo zokugqibela ngamandla asebenza kumphezulu ogudileyo wephiko le-thruster. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba "yimpembelelo yeVenturi", eyinxalenye yesizathu "sokwenyusa" into, ethi , icacisa ukuba kutheni inqwelo moya ihlala emoyeni.
Ngaphakathi kwabavelisi bomoya
Iincakuba zomoya ojikelezayo zisebenzisa ezi ndlela ukwenza intshukumo ejikelezayo ejikeleze i-axis yazo. Uyilo lwecandelo lekhaba luququzelela ukujikeleza kweyona ndlela isebenzayo. Ngaphakathi kwenkunkuma, inkqubo yokuguqula amandla ajikelezayo ekhaba yenzeka kumandla ombane ayenzeka ngomthetho kaFaraday. Kufuneka ibandakanye irotor ejikelezayo phantsi kwempembelelo yomoya, edityaniswe nenye into, kwaye eguqula amandla ajikelezayo kumandla ombane.
Izinto zomoya oqhutywa ngumoya
Imisebenzi ephunyezwe yinto nganye yile ilandelayo:
- Rotor: Iqokelela amandla omoya kwaye iwuguqulele kumandla oomatshini ajikelezayo. Nokuba imeko yejubane lomoya iphantsi kakhulu, uyilo lwayo lubalulekile ekujikeni. Kuyabonakala kwinqanaba elidlulileyo ukuba uyilo lwecandelo lekhaba sisitshixo sokuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kweRotor.
- Inkqubo yokudibanisa i-Turbine okanye inkqubo yenkxaso: lungisa intshukumo ejikelezayo yeblade kukuhamba okujikelezayo kwejenereyitha yejenereyitha edityaniswe kuyo.
- Ukuphindaphinda okanye ibhokisi yegiya: Kwisantya esiqhelekileyo somoya (phakathi kwe-20-100 km / h), isantya se-rotor sisezantsi, malunga ne-10-40 ngeenguqu ngomzuzu (rpm); Ukuvelisa umbane, irotorator kufuneka isebenze kwi-1.500 rpm, ke i-nacelle kufuneka ibe nenkqubo eguqula isantya ukusuka kwixabiso lokuqala ukuya kwixabiso lokugqibela. Oku kufezekiswa ngomatshini ofana nebhokisi yeegiya kwinjini yemoto, esebenzisa iseti yeegiya ezininzi ukujikeleza indawo ehambisa umbane ngesantya esifanelekileyo ukuvelisa umbane. Iqulathe i-brake yokumisa ukujikeleza kwerotor xa umoya unamandla kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-80-90 km / h), enokonakalisa naliphi na icandelo lomenzi.
- Umvelisi: Ingqungquthela ye-rotator-stator eyenza amandla ombane, adluliselwa kwisitishi ngeentambo ezifakwe kwinqaba exhasa i-nacelle, kwaye emva koko ifakwa kwinethiwekhi. Amandla ombane ahluka phakathi kwe-5 kW ye-injini yomoya ephakathi kunye ne-5 MW yeinjini yomoya enkulu, nangona sele kukho i-10 MW turbines.
- Imoto yokuziqhelanisa: Ivumela izinto ukuba zijikeleze zibeke i-nacelle kwicala lomoya ogqubayo.
- Imasti yokuxhasa: Yinkxaso yolwakhiwo lomvelisi. Ukuba namandla amakhulu kweinjini yomoya, kokukhona ubude beekhaba kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kokukhona ukuphakama kufuneka ukuba ibekhona i-nacelle. Oku kongeza ubunzima obongezelelekileyo kuyilo lwenqaba, ekufuneka ixhase ubunzima beseti yomvelisi. Ikhaba kufuneka libe nobungqongqo obuphezulu bokumelana nemimoya ephezulu ngaphandle kokophuka.
- Iipaddles kunye neeanemometersizixhobo ezibekwe ngasemva kwii gondola apho zinejenreyitha; bajonga ulwalathiso kwaye balinganise isantya somoya, kwaye basebenze kwiincakuba ukubaphula xa isantya somoya sidlula embundwini. Ngaphezulu kwalo mqobo, kukho umngcipheko kulwakhiwo lweinjini yomoya. Oku kuhlala kuyilo lohlobo lweinjini yohlobo lweSavonious.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga neinjini yomoya kunye neempawu zayo.