Sonke sinayo okanye sinayo Ibhalbhu efudumeleyo emakhayeni ethu. Oku kukhanya kushushu kakhulu kwaye kuyasekhaya. Yayilwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-130 eyadlulayo kwaye isasetyenziswa nanamhlanje. Kwelinye icala, ineentsuku ezibalwa kukusebenzisa kakhulu ukukhanya ngokuhambelana nokukhanya esikunikwayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho isazinzulu esivelise ibhalbhu yesibane se-incandescent esemgangathweni wayo ulingana Iibhalbhu ze-LED.
Ngaba iibhalbhu ze-incandescent ziya kwehla embalini okanye ngaba kuza kubakho uguquko olutsha? Sigqiba kuko konke kweli nqaku.
Sala kakuhle, ibhalbhu yesibane sokukhanya
Ukukhanya okubonelelwa ziibhalbhu zemveli kuyaqhubeka kukhanyisa amagumbi amakhaya amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kombane kunye nokuveliswa kokukhanya akukho kwicala labo. Emva kokuvela kweebhalbhu ze-LED kwintengiso, ezi zibhalbhu ziya zisokola ngakumbi kwicandelo loluntu. Ayizukuncipha, Kuba ii-LEDs zisebenzisa umbane ngakumbi kwaye balawula ngakumbi ifuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Zitya kancinci kakhulu kwaye zinobomi obude obude ngakumbi kunesiqhelo kunye namandla ombane.
Ngokuvela kokugcina amandla iibhalbhu zebhalbhu, ezi-incandescent sele ziqale ukutshintshwa. Ezi iibhalbhu bezingaphumelelanga njenge-LEDs, kuba ixesha lokutshaya lalilide kwaye umbane awuzange uhlangabezane neemfuno kumaxesha amaninzi. Xa uvula ibhalbhu yokugcina amandla, isibane esikunike sona besincinci ekuqaleni kwaye, kancinci kancinci, siyakhanya ngokuqaqamba. Oku kwenzelwe la mathuba xa ungena kwigumbi oza kuhlala kulo ixesha elifutshane. Kwimizuzu nje embalwa, le bhalbhu yayingenamandla njengesiqhushululu.
Kuphela li-15% lamandla asetyenziswa yibhalbhu yesiqhelo eguqulwa ibe kukukhanya. Eminye iyachithwa njengobushushu kwi-infrared. Kukhe kwenzeke kangaphi kuwe ukuba uchukumise ibhalbhu ekhanyayo kwaye uzitshisile Okanye usegumbini lokuhlambela ngokukhanya kwesipili kwaye uqaphela ubushushu obuqhubekayo obunikwa yile bulb. Ewe, ngokufika kwee-LED kunye nokusebenza kobushushu obusezantsi, ayisekho.
Umbono omtsha webhalbhu
Nangona iibhalbhu zemveli zokukhanya zazineentsuku zabo zibaliwe, kunokwenzeka ukuba, enkosi kubaphandi be-MIT, banendawo entsha kwintengiso. Ezi nzulu-lwazi zifumene indlela yokuba le bhalbhu iphucule ukusebenza kwayo kwaye iqhubeke nokukhanyisa amakhaya kwihlabathi jikelele njengoko besenzile kude kube ngoku emva kokuyilwa kwayo.
Ezi bulbs zazenziwe nguThomas Edison kwaye zisebenza ngokufudumeza ucingo oluhle lwe-tungsten. Ubushushu beli cingo bufikelela kuma-2.700 XNUMX degrees. Olu cingo lushushu lukhupha imitha yomnyama (luphawu lokukhanya olwenza lubukeke lufudumele) kwaye lutshisa lonke ibhalbhu.
Ngokufumana amandla angama-95% ibhalbhu emoshe ngohlobo lobushushu, yenza ezi bulbs zingasebenzi. Ngesi sizathu, ii-LEDs, ngokusebenza kubushushu obusezantsi kakhulu, ziyaziphelisa eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba uchukumisa ibhalbhu ye-LED esebenzayo awusoze utshise.
Abaphandi e-MIT bazamile ukunika le bulb yesibane esinye isibhengezo ngokwenza izinto ezininzi ukuphucula oko. Eyokuqala kukuba intambo eshushu yentsimbi ayiphulukani namandla ayo njengobushushu obuyintsalela, kodwa ichithwe ngohlobo lwemitha ye-infrared. Elinye icandelo kukuthatha izakhiwo ezijikeleze intambo kwaye zibenze babambe imitha ekhutshiweyo ukuze iphinde iphinde iphinde ikhutshwe njengokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ngale ndlela, into enokufezekiswa iya kuba kukuzama ukwenza ukuba ubushushu bungapheli kodwa endaweni yoko buphindwe busetyenziswe kwaye busetyenziselwe ukukhupha ukukhanya ngakumbi.
Yile ndlela ekujongwe ukuba inike isibane sokukhanyisa isibane elinye ithuba.
Iindlela zangoku kunye neemvavanyo eziyimfuneko
Isakhiwo ozama ukusenza ukubuyisela kwakhona ubushushu obukhutshiweyo kunye nokuthintela ekuchithweni kwenziwa ngezinto ezininzi eziseMhlabeni, ke zinokudalwa ngendlela elula netekhnoloji yesiqhelo. Oku kunganceda kakhulu ekwehliseni iindleko zemveliso kunye nokwenza ukuba ube nempumelelo yokuthengisa ngenxa yokwanda kokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuba sithelekisa ukusebenza kweebhalbhu ezintsha ze-incandescent kunye nezindala sinokubona ezinokugqibela ukusebenza phakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-3% ngelixa ezitsha zinokufikelela kwi-40%. Le nyaniso inokuba yinguqu kwilizwe lokukhanya.
Inyaniso ayikho lula njengoko kuqikelelwa kwithiyori. Uvavanyo olwenziwa ngeebhalbhu lushiye okuninzi ekunqwenelekeni. Ukusebenza ngokukuko kwe-6,6% kuyafezekiswa. Nangona kunjalo, le pesenti sele ilingana neebhalbhu ezininzi ze-fluorescent ezikhoyo kwaye ikufutshane naleyo yeebhalbhu ze-LED.
Phinda usebenzise ukukhanya
Abaphandi bayibiza le nkqubo njengokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukukhanya kuba kusakhiwa ii-bulbs ezintsha zithatha ii-wavevels ezingafunekiyo ukuziguqula zibe zezizincedayo ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo. Ngale ndlela, amandla aza kuchithwa ayaphindwa asebenze ukuze aguqulwe abe ngamandla abonakalayo.
Elinye lamaqhosha abalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwebhalbhu entsha yile ukuveliswa kwekristal ye-photonic ekwazi ukusebenza kwii-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo kunye nee-angles. Le yindlela ekujongwe ukuba kufezekiswe ukusebenza ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokukhanyisa. Bayakwazi ukuphikisana neminye imithombo yesiqhelo kunye nee-bulbs ze-LED.
Nangona abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ii-bulbs ze-LED zilungile kwaye zibalulekile ekugcineni ukukhanya, obu buchwephesha butsha bunokunceda ukukhuthaza itekhnoloji esele ikho ekulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyila kwaye ngaloo ndlela yonyusa ukhuphiswano lweemarike kunye namandla abathengi.