Urhulumente wase-Australia uvumile ukuba kwakhiwe esona sityalo sikhulu sombane welanga kwihlabathi. Oku kuya kuba namandla e-megawatts ezili-150 kwaye iza kwakhiwa ePort Augusta, eMzantsi Australia.
Isityalo siya kubiza I-650 yezigidi zeedola zase-Australia (i-510 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika), Iya kuvelisa malunga ne-650 yemisebenzi yokwakha yabasebenzi basekuhlaleni, ngokutsho kwabaphuhlisi, kwaye ijolise ekugubungeleni zonke iimfuno zombane kurhulumente welizwe. Umsebenzi uza kuqala kunyaka olandelayo kwaye ucwangciselwe ukugqitywa ngo-2020.
ISolarReserve, eseCalifornia, yinkampani ephetheyo kolwakhiwo. Inkampani yaseMelika ikwangasemva kwesityalo se-Crescent Dunes CSP se-110-megawatt eNevada.
Isityalo eshushu
Izityalo zelanga zitshintsha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kumbane, ngoko ke zifuna iibhetri ukugcina amandla agqithisileyo xa iLanga lingakhanyi; Izityalo ze-solar thermal, ngokwazo, zisebenzisa izibuko ukugxila kwilanga kwinkqubo yokufudumeza.
Ngokutsho kweengcali ezahlukeneyo, njengoprofesa we IYunivesithi yesizwe yaseOstreliya, UMatthew Stocks: "Omnye wemiceli mngeni emikhulu yamandla ashushu njengesixhobo sokugcina kukuba unokugcina ubushushu kuphela".
"I-Thermal yindlela engabizi kakhulu yokugcina amandla kunokusebenzisa iibhetri"Wongeza uprofesa wobunjineli bamandla azinzileyo uWasim Saman, ovela kwiYunivesithi yoMzantsi Australia.
Esi sityalo siya kuba nakho ukuqhubeka sivelisa amandla emithwalo epheleleyo ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezisibhozo emva kokuba ilanga litshonile. Uqikelelo lwenkampani lubonisa ukuba isityalo siza kuzisa i-495 GW / h yamandla ngonyaka, emele malunga neepesenti ezi-5 zeemfuno zamandla eMzantsi Australia.
Kwixesha eliphakathi, injongo kukugqibezela umjikelo wemihla ngemihla, ngendlela yokuba imveliso yamandla ingatshintshi lixesha leentsuku.
Ngethamsanqa, ayisiyiyo iprojekthi yamandla yokuqala e-Australia. Ngaphezulu nje kwenyanga eyadlulayo uTesla wabhengeza ukuba eli lizwe liza kukhethwa ukuba lenze ibhetri enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, Inkampani ka-Elon Musk iya kwakha nenkampani yamandla yaseFrance uNeoen. Ibhetri iya kuqhagamshelwa kwifama yentsimbi evelisa i-1.050.000 MWh yombane ngonyaka, kwaye iya kufikelela kumanani e-100 MW / 129 MWh.
Imithombo yamandla
Amandla ombane okukhanya avela kuthi avela elangeni angaphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabemi bonke, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwawo koku inqanaba ukusebenza liphantsi kakhulu.
Iingcali ezivela kwi-Global Alliance yamaZiko oPhando lwaMandla eSolar (GASERI) zipapashe isifundo kwijenali yeSayensi echaza indlela emayilandelwe ukulungiselela ukuvelisa ukuya kwi-10 terawatts zamandla elanga ngo-2030.
Iterawatt enye ilingana ne-gigawatts ezili-1.000, i-megawatts yesigidi, okanye i-watrillion enye. Kwaye nangona isixa esikhulu samandla, ngekhe sanele ukwanelisa ibango lehlabathi, elijikeleze i-15 terawatts. Kodwa sithetha kuphela ngezinto ezifunyenwe elangeni, ngaphandle kokubala amandla omoya kunye namanye amandla ahlaziyekayo
Ngaba konke oku kukhazimlisa amandla?
IPort Augusta ayisiyonto intsha ngengqiqo engqongqo. Sele kukho isityalo se-thermal yelanga esinetekhnoloji efanayo, esebenza eNevada ngomthamo weegawathi ezili-110. Iziphumo zilunge kakhulu: «Oku kunjalo indlela ebiza ixabiso eliphantsi yokugcina amandla ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri », iingcali zithi.
Kuyinyani ngokungqongqo ukuba babonisa ukuphuculwa kweebhetri okanye ezinye iinkqubo zokugcina zombane. Kodwa abanayo yonke into kwicala labo: banokugcina ubushushu kuphela. Inkqubo yabo yokugcina ayinakusetyenziselwa ukugcina, umzekelo, amandla omoya ashiyekileyo.
Ngaba kunengqondo ukutyala imali eninzi kuyo iinkqubo zokugcina amandla esingenako ukuzisebenzisa konke kulungile? Ngakumbi xa amandla ahlaziyekayo sele emele ngaphezulu kwama-40% ombane eMzantsi Ostreliya.
Simi ngaphambili umdyarho wembali apho ubuchwepheshe obuhlaziyiweyo Bakhuphisana ukufumana elona xabiso likhulu lotyalo-mali elinokubakho. Olu tyalomali luya kubaluleka kuphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yexesha elizayo. Kodwa inye into icacile: Amandla ahlaziyekayo akanakunqandwa.