Umbutho uyaqhubeka nokuphikisana malunga nokuba kububulumko na ukungabethi kakhulu amandla ahlaziyekayo (amandla elanga, umoya phakathi kwabanye). Itekhnoloji yamandla iyagqitha koorhulumente besiqingatha sehlabathi Kwaye basendleleni yokuguqula le mpikiswano ukuba ibe yinto engekho mthethweni kwaphela.
Enye yeengxaki ezinkulu okanye izithintelo kwamanye amandla ahlaziyiweyo ziindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zotyalo mali. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwengxelo entsha evela kuPhando lwe-GTM, Amaxabiso okufakwa kwamandla elanga aya kuqhubeka ukwehla ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-27 ngowama-2022. I-Iran ngokwe-avareji yehla ngamaxabiso nge-4,4% nge-avareji ukuya kwi-27%.
Amaxabiso amandla elanga ayehla
Ingxelo yenza uqikelelo kumaxabiso eenkqubo zelanga ze-photovoltaic. Kuyo, imeko eqhubekayo inokujongwa enegalelo ekwehleni kumaxabiso eeprojekthi zelanga. La maxabiso akazukuhla kuphela kwixabiso ngenxa yokwehla kwexabiso leemodyuli, kodwa nangabatyali mali abancinci, abalandeli, kunye neendleko zabasebenzi.
Yonke imimandla enokukhetha amandla ahlaziyekayo iya kuxhamla kokwehla kwamaxabiso. Amaxabiso asezantsi erekhodi asandul 'ukuvela avela e-India, apho inkqubo yefandesi yelizwe ibisoloko ikwimveliso ezinzileyo kwaye ibangele ukhuphiswano oluninzi kakhulu. Oku kubangele ukuba amaxabiso abe phantsi kwaye asezantsi.
Ezi ziindaba ezimnandi kubo bonke abo bantu bakhetha amandla ahlaziyekayo ekwakhiweni kwamandla. Ngaba eli iya kuba linyathelo elitsha lokuzivelela kutshintsho lwamandla lubhekise kwimo yohlaziyo ngokutsha?
Konke oku kuhle, kodwa akwanele. Ukuba amandla elanga afuna ukuba ngumdlali wehlabathi, kufuneka ubenjalo Inenzuzo ngakumbi kuneminye imithombo yamandla yexesha elifutshane: Okwangoku sele, ukongeza, kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50, amandla elanga ngawona eneji yexabiso liphantsi kuwo onke.
Idabi lamandla yiminyaka engama-20 ngaphambili
Nangona sihlala sijonga amaxabiso emveliso ngokweyure nganye yeekhilowathi, ayiloxabiso elinomdla kakhulu lokwamkelwa yamandla ahlaziyekayo. Ubuncinci, kwimeko efana nale ikhoyo ngoku apho izinto ezinokuhlaziywa zingenayo inkxaso-mali yokuhlawula utyalo-mali.
Iinkqubo zamandla ezinezakhiwo ezikhulu kutyalo-mali zenziwa iminyaka eliqela yolindelo, kwanamashumi eminyaka. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba kutheni ukwamkelwa kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo kuyacotha: Nje ukuba inyukliya, irhasi, amalahle (okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo) sakhiwe, akunakwenzeka ukuba usivale kude kube sekupheleni kobomi baso obuluncedo. Ukuba bekunjalo, ngesiqhelo nokanye utyalomali luya kufunyanwa, engazukwenzeka ngenxa yeempembelelo ezinkulu phaya.
Ngamanye amagama, ukuba sifuna ukufunda ngokweenkcukacha ukuba ubume bemakethi yamandla buza kuguquka njani, kufuneka sijonge ukuba kubiza malini ukuqala amandla onke ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ixesha elincinci neliphakathi lokufumana inzuzo kwizityalo zamandla kubalulekile kwisigqibo sokugqibela sosomashishini kunye nezopolitiko; Okanye, ngamanye amagama, amandla anexabiso eliphantsi ukuvelisa kwaye afuna utyalo-mali oluphezulu kakhulu awusoze wamkelwe.
Amandla elanga anokukhuphisana naye nabani na
Ngokweengxelo ezininzi ezivela ngaphezulu komzimba omnye, kwishishini lamandla: «Amandla elanga angaxhaswanga aqala ukuqhuba amalahle kunye negesi yendalo kwintengiso Ukongeza, iiprojekthi ezintsha zelanga kunye neemarike ezisakhulayo zibiza ixabiso elingaphantsi komoya.
Kwaye, ewe, phantse kumazwe angamashumi amathandathu asakhulayo ixabiso eliphakathi lofakelo lwelanga lifuneka ukuvelisa i-megawatt nganye sele kwehle ukuya kwi-1.650.000 yeedola, ngaphantsi kwe-1.660.000 yeendleko zamandla omoya.
Njengoko sibona kwigrafu yangaphambili, indaleko icacile. Oku kuthetha ukuba amazwe asahlumayo, lawo jikelele ngawona anonyuko olukhulu kwi-CO2.
Bafumene indlela yokuvelisa umbane ngexabiso lokhuphiswano kwaye ngendlela ehlaziya ngokupheleleyo.
Ixabiso lamandla elanga kunye nexabiso lamalahle
Lo nyaka ubonakalise ugqatso lwamandla elanga kuyo yonke imiba, okoko ukuvela kwetekhnolojiKwiifandesi apho iinkampani zabucala zikhuphisana ngezo khontrakthi zikhulu zonikezelo lombane, inyanga nenyanga irekhodi lisetelwe elona xabiso lincinci lelanga.
Kunyaka ophelileyo waqala ikhontrakthi ukuvelisa umbane nge $ 64 nge-MW / ngeyure nganye ukusuka kwilizwe laseIndiya. Isivumelwano esitsha ngo-Agasti sehlise inani laya kumanani amangalisayo ngaphezulu nje $ 29 megawatt ixesha eChile. Esi sixa sisiganeko esibalulekileyo ngokweendleko zombane, phantse ibe Iipesenti ezingama-50 zitshiphu ngaphezu kwexabiso elinikezelwa ngamalahle.
Ngengxelo Iindleko zoMbane eziMiselweyo (Amanqanaba endleko eetekhnoloji ezahlukeneyo zaMandla, ngaphandle kwenkxaso). Kufunyenwe ukuba unyaka nonyaka, zinokuhlaziywa zitshiphu kwaye eziqhelekileyo zibiza kakhulu.
Kwaye imeko yexabiso yile ngaphezulu kokucacileyo 😀
Ewe, ndathenga iipaneli kunye neebhetri ngo-2015 kwaye ngoku ndikhangela zona kwi-intanethi kwaye zikwixabiso elifanayo okanye EZINYE IXABISO. Imodeli efanayo, uphawu, amandla ... Inokwenzeka njani loo nto?