Munaasabada sanad guurada 25aad ee Musiibada nukliyeerka Chernobyl 10 qofood oo helay kala soocida abaalmarin nabadeed oo ugub ah ayaa muujiyey mowqifkooda ka dhanka ah tamarta nukliyeerka.
Waxay warqad u qoreen madaxweynayaasha iyo maamulada dowladaha horumariyo una adeegsada tamarta nukliyeerka il tamar. 31 dowladood ayaa ahaa kuwa helay warqadan codsanaya in laga tago tamarta nukliyeerka.
Wadamada ayaa kala ah: Argentina, Armenia, Brazil, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Japan, Pakistan, Poland, Republic of Korea, Slovakia, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Spain, Switzerland, Hungary, Mexico, Holland, Slovenia, Lithuania, Romania, South Afrika, Hindiya, Finland, Czech Republic, Taiwan, Switzerland, Shiinaha, Kanada, Jarmalka, Ruushka iyo Mareykanka.
Qoraalka warqadda ayaa ah sidan soo socota:
WARQAD FURAN
Abriil 26, 2011
Ku: Hogaamiyaasha Caalamka
Ka: Nolosha Nabadda ee Nobel
Abaalmarinta Nabadda ee Nobel waxay weydiisaneysaa hoggaamiyeyaasha adduunka inay ka doortaan tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo tamarta nukliyeerka.
Sannad-guuradii XNUMXaad ee masiibadii nukliyeerka Chernobyl ee Ukraine - iyo ku dhowaad laba bilood ka dib dhulgariirkii iyo tsunami ee baabi'isay Japan - annaga, hoosta Saxeexayaasha Nobel Peace Laureates, waxaan kuugu baaqeynaa inaad maal gashato mustaqbal aad u xasilloon oo nabdoon oo ballan qaada isticmaalka ilaha tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo. Waxaa la joogaa waqtigii la aqoonsan lahaa in awoodda nukliyeerka aysan ahayn il tamar nadiif ah, ammaan ah, ama raqiis ah.
Waxaan aad uga walaacsanahay nolosha dadka ku nool Japan, kuwaas oo qatar ugu jira shucaaca nukliyeerka ee hawada, biyaha iyo cuntada natiijada ka dhalatay burburka xarunta tamarta nukliyeerka Fukushima. Waxaan si adag u aaminsanahay in haddii dunidu ka tagto isticmaalkeeda hadda tamarta nukliyeerka, jiilalka mustaqbalka ee dadka adduunka - iyo Jabaan, oo horeyba dhib badan u soo maray - waxay ku noolaan doonaan nabad iyo xasilooni ka weyn.
Shan iyo labaatan sano ka dib Chernobyl, dadka qaarkiis waxay dhahaan waxyaabo ayaa kor u socda. Kuma raacsani, ayuu yidhi Mykola Isaiev, oo kamid ah "dareerayaasha" Chernobyl, dadka masuulka ka ah nadiifinta cawaaqib xumada masiibada. Caruurteenu way ka jiranyihiin cunida cuntada wasakhaysan dhaqaalaheena wuu burburay. Isaiev wuxuu sheegay inuu la xiriiri karo dareerayaasha hada ka shaqeeya Japan. Isaga oo kale, waxay u badan tahay inaysan ka yaabin wax badan oo ku saabsan amniga awoodda nukliyeerka.
Tixgeli ereyada ganacsade ku yaal Kesennuma, oo ka mid ah magaalooyinkii ay saamaynta ugu xun ku yeelatay tsunami ee ku teedsan xeebta waqooyi-bari: “Waxyaabaha shucaaca waa kuwo aad u cabsi badan. Waxay dhaaftay Sunaami. Sunaami ayaa la arki karaa. Tan lama arki karo ”.
Xaqiiqda murugada leh ayaa ah in dhibaatada shucaaca nukliyeerka ee Japan ay mar kale ka dhici karto dalal kale, sidii ay horeyba uga dhacday Chernobyl, dalkii hore ee Soofiyeedka Soofiyeeti ee Soofiyeeti (1986), Jasiiradda Saddex Mile ee Mareykanka (1979) iyo Windscale / Sellafield ee Boqortooyada Midowday (1957). Shilalka Nukliyeerka waxay ka dhalan karaan masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah - sida dhulgariirrada iyo Sunaamiyada - iyo waliba qaladka aadanaha iyo dayacaadda. Dadka adduunka oo dhan waxay sidoo kale ka baqayaan suurtagalnimada weerarro argagixiso oo ka dhan ah warshadaha tamarta nukliyeerka.
Laakiin shucaacu kuma xirna oo keliya shil nukliyeer. Xidhiidh kasta oo ka mid ah silsiladda shidaalka nukliyeerka wuxuu sii daayaa shucaac, laga soo saaro uranium, ka dibna wuxuu sii wadaa jiilalka, maxaa yeelay qashinka nukliyeerka waxaa ku jira maaddada loo yaqaan 'plutonium' oo sunta sii ahaan doonta kumanaan sano. In kasta oo sannado badan oo cilmi-baaris ah, waddammada leh barnaamijyada quwadda nukliyeerka sida Mareykanka ayaa ku guuldareystay inay la kulmaan caqabadda ah helitaanka keyd ammaan ah oo loogu talagalay shidaalka nukliyeerka "qarash gareeyay". Dhanka kale, maalin kasta, shidaal badan oo nukliyeer ah ayaa la soo saarayaa.
Kuwa u ololeeya awooda nukliyeerka waa inay la kulmaan xaqiiqda ah in barnaamijyadan ay yihiin waxyaabaha lagu sameeyo sameynta hubka nukliyeerka. Xaqiiqdii, tani waa walaaca aasaasiga ah markay tahay barnaamijka nukliyeerka Iran. Sababtoo ah warshadaha nukliyeerka ayaa doorbidaya inay iska indha tiraan halistaas baaxadda leh ee ku raad-galka tamarta nukliyeerka macnaheedu maahan in dhibaatadu ay baabi'i doonto si fudud maxaa yeelay waa la yareeyay ama la iska indhatiray.
Sidoo kale waa inay wajahdaa xaqiiqda dhaqaale ee tamarta atomiga. Awooda Nukliyeerka kuma tartamayso suuqa furan ee ka soo horjeedka ilaha kale ee tamarta, sababtoo ah ma awoodo. Awoodda Nukliyeerka ayaa ah ikhtiyaar tamar oo qaali ah oo guud ahaan ay maalgeliyaan canshuur bixiyeyaasha. Warshadaha nukliyeerka waxay heleen kabitaan ballaaran oo dowladeed - lacag canshuur bixiye - oo loogu talagalay dhismaha hoostiisa, xadadka ugu sarreeya ee mas'uuliyadda, iyo caymiska nadaafadda iyo kharashaadka daryeelka caafimaadka. Waxaan si karti leh ula xisaabtami karnaa lacagtaan dadwaynaha ilaha tamarta cusub.
Waqtigaan adduunka waxaa kujira in kabadan 400 oo warshad nukliyeer ah - inbadan, meelaha khatarta sare leh ee masiibooyinka dabiiciga ah ama qalalaasaha siyaasadeed. Dhirtani waxay bixisaa wax ka yar 7% wadarta tamarta guud ee adduunka laga helo. Hoggaamiyeyaasha adduunku waad wada shaqeyn kartaan si aad ugu badashaan qaddarka yar ee tamarta ah kuwa kale ee hadda la heli karo, si fududna loo heli karo, ilo tamar oo aad u ammaan badan oo raqiis ah si aad noogu dhaqaajisaan mustaqbal ka xor ah dhuxusha iyo awoodda nukliyeerka.
Ma joojin karno aafooyinka dabiiciga ah sida tii kadhacday Japan, laakiin si wada jir ah ayaan go'aano fiican uga gaari karnaa ilaha tamarta.
Waxaan joojin karnaa shidaalka foosha iyo tamarta nukliyeerka waxaanan maalgashan karnaa kacaan tamar nadiif ah. Durba waa socotaa. Adduun ahaan, shantii sano ee la soo dhaafay, waxaa jiray tamar badan oo ka timaadda dabaysha iyo cadceedda marka loo eego warshadaha tamarta nukliyeerka. Dakhliga adduunka kasoo gala qoraxda, dabaysha iyo ilaha kale ee tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo ayaa kordhay 35% sanadkii 2010. Maalgashiga ilahaan tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo ayaa sidoo kale abuuri doonta shaqooyin.
Ilaha tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo waa furayaasha ugu muhiimsan ee mustaqbal nabadeed. Taasi waa sababta dad badan oo adduunka ku nool - gaar ahaan dhalinyarada - aysan u sugin dowladaha inay isbaddalka sameeyaan, laakiin ay durba qaadanayaan tallaabooyin jihadaas laftooda ah.
U hiillinta mustaqbal leh kaarboon yar oo xor ka ah tamarta nukliyeerka ayaa u oggolaan doonta waddammada in ay la wadaagaan oo ay ballaariyaan dhaqdhaqaaqa sii kordhaya ee sii kordhaya ee muwaaddiniinta adduunka ee diidaya kororka nukliyeerka isla markaana taageeraya ilaha tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo. Waxaan kaa codsaneynaa inaad ku soo biirto iyaga oo aad abuurto dhaxal awood leh oo ilaaliya oo ilaaliya ma aha oo kaliya jiilalka mustaqbalka, laakiin sidoo kale meeraheenna.
Si daacadnimo leh,
Betty Williams, Ireland (1976)
Mairead Maguire, Ireland (1976)
Rigoberta Menchu Tum, Guatemala (1992)
Jody Williams, USA (1997)
Shirin Ebadi, Iran (2003)
Wangari Maathai, Kenya (2004)
Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Koonfur Afrika (1984)
Adolfo Perez Esquivel, Argentina (1980)
José Ramos Horta, Madaxweynaha, East Timor (1996)
Karaamadiisa Dalai Lama (1989)
XIGASHO: Greenpeace.org