Sezvatakaona muchinyorwa Kukura kwehupfumi kana kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza?Kune vanhu vanotenda kuti kukura kwehupfumi hakugumi munguva. Asi chokwadi chakatosiyana. Kukura kwehupfumi kunobva pakushandisa uye nekushandisa zviwanikwa izvo nyika yedu inotipa. Asi avo zviwanikwa zvishoma uye yavo yekumutsiridza mwero inofanirwa kuve yakaderera pane iyo yekushandisa kuitira kuti varambe vachivashandisa. Kuguma ikoko kunozivikanwa semiganhu yenyika.
Munhu, mushure mekuchinja kwemaindasitiri, akawedzera huwandu hwepasi rose zvakanyanya uye izvi zvakakonzera kuwedzera mukushandiswa kwe zviwanikwa. Kubiridzira kuya kwakakura zvekuti yatodarika huwandu hwekutakura hwezvisikwa, kutungamira kukushomeka kwezvakatipoteredza.
Kune 9 mapuraneti miganho: Kutsakatika kwemhuka, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kupera kweozone layer, acidification yegungwa, biogeochemical flux, kushandiswa kwemvura nyowani, shanduko muPasi system, kurasikirwa kweiyo biodiversity nemabasa ayo uye zvinhu zvitsva.
Nhasi mashandisirwo uye magadzirirwo mapatani eedu ehupfumi hurongwa atove akagadzira kusvika ina yemipfumbamwe yemiganhu yemapuraneti. Iyi miganho ndiyo inovimbisa kushanda kwakakodzera kwePasi nemaitiro aro akaomarara anoshanda zvine mwero.
Shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, mwero wekutsakatika kwemarudzi, shanduko mukushandiswa kwepasi uye biogeochemical fluxes ye phosphorus uye nitrogen ndiwo masisitimu akange apfuura. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunowedzera njodzi izvo zvinosanganisira kuenderera mberi nekuita zviitiko zvevanhu pamwero uyu. Dzimwe ongororo dzesainzi dziri kushanda kusimbisa kana kushandiswa kwemvura nyowani kwatodarika uye kwakawedzerwa kune yakatarwa miganho yemapuraneti inodarika muganho wakachengeteka.
Zvisikwa zvine nzira yekugona kutora zvinoitwa nevanhu muzvinhu zvakasikwa uye zviri nekuda kwehunhu hwepanyama nehunhu kuti pasi redu rakaramba rakadzikama kwemakore mazhinji atingagare mairi. "kuwirirana". Zvisinei, pane kusava nechokwadi kwesainzi pamberi pemhedzisiro inokanganisa maitiro aya anochengetedza nyika kugadzikana kunogona kukonzera. Ndosaka tichizviwana mune ramangwana risina chokwadi rinogona kuperekedzwa shanduko dzisingadzoreke pane zviwanikwa zvatinovimba nazvo kuti tirarame.
Nezve iyo nyowani yemuganhu wemvura, yakachengeteka mashandisirwo renji rekushandisa kwemvura iri kuongororwa. Chinozivikanwa nekuda kweiyo Living Planet Index, ndechekuti mvura nyowani inoratidza kuti yarasika 81% yehuwandu hwevanhu pakati pa1970 na2012.
Kune rimwe divi, muganho wekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze unoyerwa nekukosheswa kweEC2 mumhepo uye mamwe magasi ekupisa. Isu zvakare tine semuganhu kuwedzera kwemadhigirii maviri pasirese yepakati tembiricha. Kune izvi, huwandu hwakawanda hweCO2 haufanire kupfuura 400 ppm. Zvisinei, iyo yakasarudzika muganho kukosheswa kwakapfuura zvakapetwa kaviri mutsetse.
Kune mimwe miganho yemapuraneti iyo inopa kukura kukuru kwesainzi kana uchiyera nekurekodha. Semuyenzaniso, kurasikirwa kwemabasa ezvisikwa yakanyanya kuoma kuyera. Kuonekwa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva, senge zvipenyu zvakagadziridzwa kana marara ane mwaranzi, zvakare ipamhepo yemuganhu iyo yakaoma kuyera uye kuchengeta zvinyorwa kana kuumba mhedzisiro inotungamira mukuwedzeredza.
Kubatsira, sekutaura, ndiko miganhu yose yemapuraneti yakabatana. Biodiversity uye mamiriro ekunze ndizvo zvinhu zviviri zvinochengetedza mamiriro akatsiga ayo nyika inoda kuvimbisa hupenyu hwatinotungamira. Izvi zvinhu ndizvo zvinogona nani kutsungirira kukanganisa kweimwe miganho yemapuraneti. Ndokunge, ecosystem iyo ine yakanaka zvipenyu nemhando yakakura yezvisikwa, inogona kurwisa zvirinani zvirinani iyo yatinodenha mairi, sezvo paine huwandu hukuru hwehukama uye kutsamira pakati pavo.
Dzimwe shanduko muganhu repuraneti dzinogona kudzoserwa nematanho akaomarara uye nenguva yakaringana, sezvazvakaitika nekuderedzwa kwegomba muozone layer mushure Chibvumirano cheMontreal uye matanho ekubvisa chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) kubva mufiriji uye eerosol masystem. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, dambudziko rinogona kumiswa chete, asi kupora kwakadaro hakugoneke, sezvinoitika nekutsakatika kwemarudzi.
Asi chatinofanira kufunga nezvacho ndechekuti chero zvatinoita, ticharamba tichienderera kushandura nyikaNdosaka tichifanirwa kuvimbisa kuti shanduko idzi hadzigadziriswe uye dzinotitendera kuti tirambe tichinakidzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu atiri kurarama iye zvino.