Nhasi tinouya kuzotaura nezve simba rinogona kudzorerwa iro riri pakati peanonyanya kushandiswa. Ndezve simba re hydraulic. Rudzi rwe simba rakachena inokwanisa kushandura simba rinokwevera simba rine muviri wemvura mune simba remagetsi. Pano tichatsanangura nhanho nhanho kuti simba iri rinogadzirwa sei uye chii chinoitwa kutora mukana wacho.
Iwe unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezve hydropower? Iwe unofanirwa kuramba uchiverenga 🙂
Chii chinonzi hydraulic energy?
Ngatitange nekuratidza zvakare kuti ndizvo inovandudzwa uye yakachena zvachose sosi. Kutenda kwariri, magetsi anogona kugadzirwa pasina kusvibisa kana kupedza zviwanikwa. Simba iri rinoedza kushandura simba rinokwevera simba rine muviri wemvura mukusimudza neinetic energy kukunda musiyano pakukwirira. Simba remagetsi rinowanikwa rinogona kushandiswa zvakananga kufambisa mugodhi we turbine kuti ibudise simba remagetsi.
Rinoshanda sei?
Rudzi rwemagetsi rwakachena chose nekuti rwunobva munzizi nemadhamu. Kugadzirwa kwemadhamu uye makomputa ekumanikidza kwawedzera zvakanyanya mukana uye kugona kwesimba remagetsi. Izvi imhaka yekuti Inogona kuchengeta miviri mikuru yemvura uye yoishandisa kuumba simba.
Kune mhando dzinoverengeka dzemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Yokutanga inowanikwa munzvimbo dzemakomo. Kutora mukana wehurefu hwavanotarisa pakuita kusvetukira kumatunhu akakwirira ekudonha. Rumwe rudzi rwechirimwa mvura inoyerera uye ivo vanoshandiswa miviri mikuru yemvura yemurwizi inokunda madiki misiyano pakukwirira Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti imwe inogadzira simba rakawanda munguva pfupi uye repiri rinoigadzira zvishoma nezvishoma.
Mvura iri mudziva kana mubheseni rekugadzira inoendeswa pasi nepasi nepombi. Nenzira iyi zvinokwanisika kushandura iro rinogona kuve simba kuita kumanikidza uye Kinetic simba kutenda kune akagovera uye turbine.
Iyo yemagetsi simba inoshandurwa kuburikidza neyemagetsi jenareta nekuda kwechiitiko chemagetsi emagetsi induction. Aya ndiwo mawaniro aunoita magetsi. Zviteshi zvekupomba zvakagadzwa kuchengetedza simba uye nekudaro zvinoita kuti iwanikwe panguva yekudiwa kukuru. Sezvo zvave zvichikwanisika kuongorora, kuchengetedza masisitimu yesimba rinowedzerwazve muganhu pakufambira mberi.
Pumped hydroelectric zvirimwa
Muzvipombi zvemagetsi emvura, mvura inoputirwa mumatangi kumusoro kwerwizi uchishandisa simba rinogadzirwa uye risingadiwe nehusiku. Nenzira iyi, mukati mezuva iro kudiwa kwemagetsi kuri kukuru, mimwe mitumbi yemvura inogona kupihwa. Mapombi ekupomba ane mukana wekuti iwo anotendera simba kuti richengetwe mune dzimwe nguva dzekuwanika kuti zvishandiswe munguva dzekuda.
Kunyangwe iine zvakwakanakira zvakawanda kuti isimba risingasvibise simba, kuvakwa kwemadhamu nemadhishi makuru kunokanganisa kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Haisisiri kungovakwa kwemadhamu, kana asiri emadhamu ekuisira, mafashama evhu hombe, nezvimwe. Ivo vanokanganisa mamiriro ezvisikwa zvipenyu.
Bhesheni yemagetsi
Inoshandiswa kuunganidza mvura yerwizi. Iri ndiro bheseni rekugadzirira iro rinoshandira kuchengetedza mvura. Chinhu chayo chikuru idhamhu. Kutenda dhamu, kukwira kwakakodzera kunowanikwa kuitira kuti mvura ishandiswe gare gare nekuda kwemusiyano padanho.
Kubva kubheseni kuenda kunzvimbo yemagetsi kunowanikwa majenareta pane mugero wakamanikidzwa. Basa rayo nderekufarira kubuda kwekumhanya kweturbine mashizha. Kuvhura kwekutanga kwakafara uye kuburitsa kwakatetepa kuwedzera simba rinobuda nemvura.
Hydroelectric magetsi chiteshi
Iyo magetsi magetsi ndeimwe ine akateedzana e hydraulic engineering mabasa akaiswa mune kumwe kuteedzana. Iyo michina ine chinangwa chekugadzirira kuwana kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kubva kune hydraulic simba. Mvura inoendeswa kune imwe kana anopfuura turbine ayo anotenderera nekutenda nekumanikidza kwemvura. Imwe turbine inosanganiswa kune imwe alternator iri basa rekushandura kutenderera kuita simba remagetsi.
Imwe yezvikanganiso kunze kwekukanganisa kwenzvimbo kunogadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwedamu nderekuti chizvarwa chesimba hachigare. Inofanirwa kutarisirwa mupfungwa kuti kugadzirwa kwesimba rinowedzerwazve kunoenderana zvakananga nemasikirwo. Naizvozvo, mvura inowanikwa mumudziyo wekugezera wemvura inoenderanawo, yehutongi munzizi. Kana kunaya kwemvura munzvimbo kuri kushoma, simba remagetsi rinenge risinganyatsoshanda.
Muitiro mune dzimwe nyika kupomba mvura mumidziyo yemagetsi usiku. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuti pane simba rakawandisa uye iro re hydraulic simba rinochengetwa masikati rinoshandiswa zvekare. Kana kudiwa kwemagetsi kukwirira, mutengo wakadarowo. Saka iwe unowana mambure purofiti uye unochengetera magetsi magetsi.
Nhoroondo ye hydropower
Vakatanga kushandisa rudzi urwu rwesimba vaive vaGiriki nevaRoma. Pakutanga vaishandisa simba rinowedzerwazve chete kumhanyisa zvigayo zvemvura kukuya chibage. Sezvo nguva yakafamba, mafekitori akashanduka uye mavhiri emvura akatanga kushandisa simba rinogona kunge riine mvura.
Pakupera kweMiddle Ages dzimwe nzira dzakashandiswa kushandisa hydraulic simba. Zviri zve hydraulic mavhiri. Dzakashandiswa kudiridza kweminda uye nekudzosera nzvimbo dzine madota. Vhiri remvura richiri kushandiswa nanhasi muzvigayo uye kugadzira magetsi.
Pakati peChipiri Chekuvandudza Kwemaindasitiri vhiri remvura rakashanduka kuita turbine yemvura. Iwo muchina unovakwa uchishandisa vhiri rekasitori pane ekisero. Nehunyanzvi hwetekinoroji yakave yakanyatsogadziriswa uye ichishanda.
Iyo turbine yaive ichivandudza mukushanda kwekushandurwa kwesimba rinogona kuitika remvura kuita rotational kinetic simba uye rinoshandiswa kune shaft.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu wakakwanisa kudzidza chimwe chinhu pamusoro pesimba rinowedzerwazve.