Nyika idzo parizvino dzinogadzira yakanyanya mhepo simba

La simba remhepo nderimwe remanyuko makuru ekuchinja izvozvi kune mamwe maratidziro asina chekuita nekushandiswa kwemafuta emafuta. Iwe unongo fanirwa kuziva kuti dzinosvika makumi masere nepfumbamwe nyika kutenderera pasirese varikushandisa simba remhepo kugovera avo emagetsi grids.

Ringori gore rapfuura kugona kwemhepo yakapfuura 369,553 gW uye kugadzirwa kwesimba kwese kuri kukura nekukurumidza kuita zvikamu zvina kubva muzana zvemagetsi ese anoshandiswa papasi. Uye kana iyo 4 gW yakaiswa muna 17 yaive yatove budiriro, muhafu yekutanga yegore ra2014 vakasvika 2015 gW, izvo zvinotisvitsa pasirese chinzvimbo che 21,7 gW, ine ingangoita 392 gW pakupera kwegore rino. 428.

Simba repasi rose rakakura mumwedzi yekutanga ya2015 ne5,8 muzana mushure mekuwana 5,3% muna 2015 uye 4,9% muna 2013 panguva imwecheteyo.Kana tichifunga kuti mugore ra2014 mwero wekukura wepagore waive 16,5 muzana kuitira kuti panosvika pakati pegore 2015 panenge pave kusvika pa16,8 muzana, tinogona kuziva rakakura gore ratiri kunamatira muna 2015.

Uku kuwedzera mukushandiswa kwesimba remhepo kuri kukodzera kunyanya kune hupfumi Kubva pane ino sosi, kuwedzera kwekukwikwidza, kusava nechokwadi mune oiri yepasi uye gasi kupa uye kumanikidza kuenda kune yakachena uye inochengetedza matekinoroji nekufamba kwenguva.

Vakuru vanogadzira simba remhepo

Indasitiri yemhepo iri ikozvino inomhanya neakanaka akasiyana maindasitiri hukuru hukuru, masimba emubatanidzwa kumapoka ezvakatipoteredza. Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti pakubudirira kukuru kwerudzi urwu rwesimba sosi kunyangwe hwakakura hwakasiyana hunodikanwa.

Pakupera kwaJune 2015, nyika ine yakakura kwazvo yakaisirwa simba remhepo simba iChina munzvimbo yekutanga, ichiteverwa neUnited States mune yechipiri neGerman mune yechitatu.

China ine 124 gW gore rino uye yakakura ne10 gW kubvira 2014 uye muna 44 gW kubvira 2013. Kuenderera mberi kukura kuri kubatsira, muchidimbu, kudzikisira matambudziko ayo ekushatisa, kunyangwe ichizoda kuisa mari yakawanda murudzi urwu rwechisimba kuti ikwanise kudzikamisa zvechokwadi.

Inotevera ndeiyi United States ine 67 gW yakaiswa Uye mukukura kwayo kubvira 2013, mumakore maviri chete, kugona kwayo kwakawedzera ne8 gW nekumira chaiko, chimwe chinhu chinogonawo kuonekwa kuGerman, India neSpain, hongu, kana ichienzaniswa nekukura kukuru kweChina.

Kunze kwemasimba makuru musimba remhepo, zvinodikanwa ku cite Brazil iyo yakaratidza chiyero chepamusoro kukura kwemisika yese ne14% kukura mugore rino 2015.

Sechinhu chisina kunaka tinowana misika yakati wandei yeEurope vakaoma mitezo, chimwe chinhu chichaitika kuGerman kana kumwe kuchinjika mumutemo kwapinda kwemakore maviri anotevera, chimwe chinhu chinodzora simba rayo remhepo.

China

China inotarisira kuve ne 347,2 gW na2025 pamwe nekuiswa kwegore negore kunosvika 56,8 gW. Chinhu chakakosha pane izvi zvinorehwa nemhando iyi yesimba kune ino nyika.

Uye kunyangwe China iri izvozvi sekukwirisa kwakanyanya kwerudzi urwu rwesimba, iri chaizvo munguva yekumira. Iwo manhamba aripo 2025 pasi rose ichapfuura 962,6 gW izvo zvinoreva kuti China ichave, kunyangwe iine kudzokerwa uku, mumwe wevatambi vakuru verudzi urwu rwesimba papasi.

Zviri chaizvo mugore rino kuti zvakafanotaurwa kuti China haizongorongedzerwa seye chikuru simba remhepo rinosimudza na2015, asi ichaenderera mberi nekutungamira chikamu ichi muna2016.

Dzimwe nyika izvo zvichave zvakakosha

India, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Philippines, Thailand, uye Taiwan kuwedzera kugona kwavo kubva pa148,2 gW muna2014 kusvika pa437,8 gW nepasirese yepasirese yepasirese inosvika 45,5%.

Dzimwe nyika huru yekubudirira kwesimba remhepo iArgentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia neMexico izvo zvichawedzera 45,6 gW. Isu tataura kare nezveUruguay neCosta Rica semimwe mienzaniso mikuru yemitemo inobvumidza kukura kwerudzi urwu rwesimba rakachena, chimwe chinhu chakakosha kune ramangwana redu.

Iyo yakakosha mhepo simba kune ramangwana remagetsi

Rudzi urwu rwesimba rwave zvakanyanya kudhura. Munzvimbo umo kushandiswa kwesimba kuri kuwedzera, matsva matsva anofanirwa kugadzirwa, uye apa ndipo panowana simba remhepo rinoita basa rakakosha kwazvo.

Mumisika yakura uko kwezvivakwa zvemarasha, yenyukireya kana gasi inogadzirwa yatovepo, kune mamwe matambudziko ari mberi nekuda kweshanduko huru inofanira kuitika. Zviri pano uko simba remhepo rinofanira kukwikwidzana nemitengo yekuchengetedza kubva kunowanikwa magetsi. Zvakadaro, sosi yesimba kubva kumhepo inzira inokwezva kwazvo, kunze kweyekuti inopa simba isina kuburitsa magasi ekupisa.

Iyo zvakare ine chimwe chinhu chinoenda nezvayo uye ivo vari kudzikisa mutengo. Pane zvikonzero zvikuru zvitatu. Imwe ndeyekuti michina yemhepo ivo vari kuchembera, ine shongwe refu uye kuvaka kwechiedza. Chechipiri ndechekuti kugona kwekutengesa kwakawedzera uye masisitimu ekugadzira ari kudzikisa mutengo. Chechitatu, uye chekupedzisira, ndechekuti sezvo kuiswa kwemhepo kuchikura, mitengo inoponeswa nekugadzirwa padanho rakakura kupfuura zvayaimboita kare.

Chimwe chezvikonzero zvacho chikuru ndechekuti kurwisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze uye simba iro rakachena uye rakachipa simba rinogona kuva naro rinoenderana nekufamba kwenguva. Kupa iro rinodikanwa simba kuitira kuti nyika matinogara mashandiro uye panguva imwechete isingakonzere CO2 kuburitsa mudenga ndicho chinangwa chemakambani makuru seVestas.

Nyaya inoenderana:

Kukosha kukuru kwesimba remhepo

Kutsvagisa nekusimudzira matekinoroji matsva

Zviri chaizvo kukosha kwakakosha muhunyanzvi hutsva kuitira kuti simba rekushandisa kubva kumaturbine aya uye akasiyana matsva atungamire kune dzimwe nzira kwavanogona kutora yakakwira zvikamu muzana mukushandisa kwepasirese kwesimba kubva kumhepo simba.

Isu takaona vanozivikanwa vechimiro cheBill Gates vari kuisa mari zhinji kwazvo mumatekinoroji esimba matsva senge zviuru zviviri zvemamiriyoni emadhora zvaakashandisa.

Izvo zvinobva kune zvehunyanzvi hofori iyo iri intuiting kuti isu tinofanirwa kuchinja munzira yekuona iyo simba panorama matinozviwana isu tiri. Kana isu tataura pamusoro peGates, imwe yeakakura saMark Zuckerberg vari kuitawo zvavo jecha kukurudzira mamwe makambani akazvimirira kutsvaga ramangwana rakachena kune vese nepasi rinogadzikana.

Google ine chimwe chirongwa chikuru mu Africa umo ichaisa anopfuura makumi matatu nemashanu emagetsi emhepo pamhenderekedzo yeLake Turkana muKenya. Izvo zvinopa zvikamu gumi nezvishanu kubva muzana zvemagetsi ese anoshandiswa nyika ino.

El kuchengetedza simba Zvinotaridzwawo kuti zvakakosha kuti shanduko dzese dzakakosha dziitike kubva pakachengeta simba rekusara iro mazana emagetsi emagetsi anogona kupa zvakakosha kusimbisa kushandiswa kwesimba senge simba remhepo.

Tesla nemabhatiri ayo epamba anoratidza imwe nzira, asi asi pane izvo zvingave kuzvimirira simba revashandisi, asi padanho rakakura rinogona zvakare kupa mabhatiri anodikanwa ku "chengetedza" izvo zvasara.

Isu tine zvakare matekinoroji matsva senge iyo turbines isina mashizha akagadzirwa neVortex, kambani yeSpanish iyo parizvino iri kurira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwemamwe ma turbine emhepo ayo asingatombo kukonzera kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, nekuti kunze kwekubvisa ruzha rwevazhinji vechinyakare, havashandure nharaunda sezvavanoita.

Iyi tekinoroji yeVortex inoshanda nenzira yekuti inoshandisa iyo deformation inogadzirwa nekubvunda kunokonzereswa nemhepo kana ichipinda mutsindo muyakaomeswa humburumbira uye yakasungirirwa muvhu. Iyi deformation ndiyo inokonzeresa kugadzira magetsi.

2016 gore rakakosha kwazvo kune simba remhepo

PaParis Yemamiriro ekunze Summit nhevedzano yezvibvumirano zvasvika iyo inoisa 2016 segore rakakosha kuitira kuti zvikamu izvi zvemagetsi emagetsi zvigone kusimuka zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvatinoziva tese.

Chirevo chemamiriro ekunze mune simba remhepo seimwe yemasimba akakosha emagetsi yekudzora magreenhouse magasi kumhepo iri kukonzera matambudziko nenjodzi dzinongoitika dzega pasirese. Shanduko inofanirwa kuitwa kubva kumativi ese epasi kuti ive nemhedzisiro yakanaka.