Michael Faraday aive musayendisiti aive nemipiro mikuru kune pasainzi. Kutenda musayendisiti uyu, zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvatinoshandisa muzuva redu zuva nezuva zvinotongwa ne Mutemo waFaraday. Electromagnetic induction inzira iyo yemagetsi magetsi inogona kukwezva neshanduko yemagineti munda. Iyi electromagnetic induction inoenderana zvakananga nemutemo waFaraday.
Muchikamu chino tichaudza iwe nezve ese hunhu uye kukosha kwemutemo waFaraday.
Mhando huru
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemasimba anoita kuti ruzivo rwufambe mukati memagineti munda. Simba rinowanikwa newaya inopfuura rwizi muenzaniso wekare wemutemo waFaraday. Muchiitiko ichi, simba rinowanikwa newaya kuburikidza nemagetsi parinopfuura iri nekuda kwemaerekitironi ari kufamba kana pamberi penzvimbo yemagineti. Maitiro aya anoitikawo neimwe nzira yakatenderedza. Tinogona kufambisa waya kuburikidza nemagineti kana kuchinja ukuru hwemagineti nekufamba kwenguva uye inogona kukonzera iyezvino kuyerera.
Iwo wakakosha mutemo wekugona kutsanangura magetsi emagetsi induction mutemo waFaraday. Yakawanikwa ne Michael Faraday uye inofanidza hukama pakati pekuchinja kwemagineti kupfuura nguva nemunda wemagetsi uyo unogadzirwa neshanduko. Kana tikaenda kumutemo waFaraday tinoona kuti ine chirevo ichi:
"Mhepo inokonzereswa mudunhu yakavharwa yakanangana zvakananga neyakaenzana shanduko munguva yemagineti inoyerera ichidarika nepakati penzvimbo nedunhu pacharo semucheto."
Kuratidzira kwemutemo waFaraday
Tichaenda kuratidza izvo mutemo waFaraday unoti nemuenzaniso. Ngatimboongororai kuedza kwaFaraday. Pano tine bhatiri rinoita basa rekupa magetsi magetsi kune kadiki coil. Nendima iyi yemagetsi munda wemagineti unogadzirwa kuburikidza nekuchinja kweiyo coil. Mune coil mune tambo dzesimbi dzakakuvara pane yayo yega axis. Kana coil ichifamba ichipinda nekubuda kune imwe hombe, ine magineti inogadzira voltage mukati mekoriyiri. Iyi voltage inogona kuyerwa ne galvanometer.
Kubva pakuyedza uku, mutemo waFaraday unogona kuumbwa uye mhedzisiro dzakawanda dzinogona kutorwa. Mhedziso dzese dzekuyedza idzi dzaive nechekuita nekugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi uye dzaive kiyi kumutemo waLenz, uyo unoshandiswa pakubata magetsi azvino uno atinawo nhasi.
Ngatitarisei muchidimbu nyaya yaMichael Faraday iyo yaakakwanisa kumisikidza uyu mutemo. Tinoziva kuti musayendisiti uyu Iye aive iye musiki wepakati mazano akatenderedza magetsi uye magineti. Akakumikidza hupenyu hwake kunzvera mune ino sainzi munda. Akanga achinyanya kufara apo chiremba weDanish physicist anozivikanwa saOersted paakakwanisa kuratidza zvine simba hukama pakati pemagetsi nemagineti. Izvi zvakaitika mugore ra 1820. Mukuyedza uku akakwanisa kuongorora kuti waya yazvino yaitisa yaigona kufambisa tsono yaive nemagineti zvachose uye kuti vaive mukati mekambasi.
Faraday akakwanisa kugadzira akawanda maedzo. Imwe yadzo yaive yekumonera maviri waya solenoids akatenderedza ringi yedare. Kuti aongorore hukama pakati pemagetsi nemagineti, akapfuudza magetsi emagetsi kuburikidza neimwe yemasolenoid kuburikidza ne switch. Ikozvino yakakurudzirwa mune imwe. Faraday yakaratidza kuoneka kwemagetsi emagetsi nekuchinja mu magnetic flux yakaitika nekufamba kwenguva.
Nekudaro, uye nekuda kwekuyedza uku, Michael Faraday akakwanisa kuratidza hukama pakati pemagineti minda nemagetsi magetsi. Ruzivo rukuru runobuda kubva pane zvese izvi zvakave chikamu chemataurirwo akazotevera emitemo yaMaxwell.
Mutemo weFaraday fomula uye mienzaniso
Kuti umise hukama pakati pemagineti minda nemagetsi magetsi, inotevera fomula inokurudzirwa.
EMF (Ɛ) = dϕ / dt
Iko EMF kana Ɛ inomiririra iyo inokonzereswa Electromotive Force (iwo magetsi), uye dϕ / dt ndiyo yenguva yekusiyanisa mwero weiyo magnetic flux ϕ.
Mazuva ese zvinhu zvakaita semagetsi emagetsi zvinogoneswa nemutemo waFaraday. Tichaona mimwe yemienzaniso yekushandisa kwemutemo waFaraday muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Tinoziva izvozvo ingangoita tekinoroji yemagetsi yatinayo nhasi inoenderana nemutemo waFaraday. Kunyanya, zvakakosha zvine chekuita nemidziyo yese yemagetsi senge majenareta, magemeta nemagetsi emagetsi. Ngatipe muenzaniso: kukwanisa kuburitsa yakananga yazvino mota, ruzivo rwacho rwakavakirwa zvakanyanya pakushandiswa kwemhangura diski iyo yaitenderera kumagumo emagineti. Kutenda neichi kutenderera kufamba, yakananga yazvino inogona kugadzirwa.
Kubva pamusimboti uyu kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakaoma sekushandurwa, jenareta inoshanduka iriko, mabhureki emagetsi kana chitofu chemagetsi.
Kubatana pakati pekunyorwa uye simba remagineti
Isu tinoziva kuti hwaro hwedzidziso hwemutemo waFaraday hwakaomarara. Kugona kuziva kunzwisiswa kwepfungwa kwekubatana uko kune nemagineti simba pane chakachaya chidimbu chiri nyore. Semuenzaniso, kuchaja kwetambo inofamba. Tichaedza kutsanangura kubatana kuri pakati pemagetsi induction nemagineti simba. Isu tinotarisa elektrononi iyo yakasununguka kufamba mukati me waya. Tevere, isu tinoisa tambo mune yakatwasuka magnetic shamba uye yoifambisa munzira yakanangana kuenda kumunda. Izvo zvakakosha kuti kufamba kweichi kune nekumhanya kunogara kuripo.
Ose maviri magumo etambo ari kuzove akabatana achigadzira mweya. Kutenda nekubatana uye nenzira iyi tinovimbisa kuti rese basa rakaitwa kugadzira magetsi emagetsi muwaya richaparara sekupisa mukushora kwetambo. Iye zvino ngatitii munhu adhonza waya nekumhanya kusingaperi kuburikidza nemagineti. Patinodhonza waya tinofanirwa kuisa simba kuitira kuti iro rinogara riri remagineti risingakwanise kuita basa roga. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kushandura iko kunongedzera kwesimba. Chikamu chemasimba atinoshandisa chinodzoreredzwa, zvichikonzera simba remagetsi pane elektrononi yaifamba netambo. Ndikwo kutsauka uko kunoisa magetsi emagetsi.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mutemo waFaraday uye maitiro ayo.