Imwe yemapururu anonyanya kuzivikanwa muNorth America yekuve mumwe weayo mazhinji ndiyo monarch butterfly. Vanogona kuzivikanwa zviri nyore nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana dzeorenji uye nhema mavara avo avanayo pamapapiro avo kana vari vakuru. Iyo zvakare ine chikwereti mukurumbira wayo kune ayo mafambiro ekufambisa ayo anosiya kumashure yakasarudzika nzvimbo. Izvi zvinogadzira monarch butterfly chimwe chezvipembenene zvakanyanya kufamba uye nhamba hombe kwazvo pasirese.
Muchikamu chino tichaudza iwe nezve zvese hunhu, pekugara, kufudza uye kubereka kwe monarch butterfly.
Mhando huru
Iyo ndeimwe yemapururu ayo anotenderera munzvimbo dzakakura akawanda kumaodzanyemba kuchando uye kuchamhembe muchirimo. Vanowanzove nerwendo rwekudzoka kamwechete rwavanoda kuti vave nechokwadi chekupona kwavo. Sezvimwe nedzimwe mhando dzemapururu, dzakatsanangurwa nenyanzvi yeSweden Carlos Linnaeus. Zita rayo resainzi ndi danaus plexippus uye iri imwe mhando ye lepidopteran ditrisio yemhuri yeNymphalidae.
Kuyerwa kwayo kwakanyanya kana kushoma kwemapapiro pakati pe9.5 kusvika 10.5 masentimita. Kurema kweye monarch butterfly iri pakati pe0.25 ne0.75 gramu. Pakati pevanhu vakasiyana erudzi urwu, vanhukadzi ndivo vane kadiki kadiki, asi nenhamba huru yetsinga dzakasviba pamapapiro avo. Varume vacho vanowanzove vakati kurei uye vanoburitsa mamwe maheromoni kuburikidza nepakati petsinga mune rimwe nerimwe remapapiro avo. Aya maitiro anowanzo shandiswa kusiyanisa vese vanhukadzi mukati mevanhu.
Chizvarwa chekutama chakasimudzira hunhu hunochipa nekurwisa kukuru uye hupenyu hurefu. Uye ndeye kuti monarch butterfly inogona kurarama kwemwedzi mipfumbamwe. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vane hupenyu hwakareba kakapetwa kagumi nemaviri kupfuura hupenyu hwehumwe humwe butterflies. Ruvara rwayo rweorenji rwakanyanya uye ndirwo rwunosiyanisa kubva kune mamwe marudzi akajairika.
Monarch butterfly metamorphosis
Sedzimwe mhando dzema butterflies, iyi mhando inoendawo kuburikidza nedzimwe nhanho dzayo metamorphosis. Kutanga ine chikamu chezai, kozoti chikamu checaterpillar, chinochinja chrysalis uye, pakupedzisira, yatove butterfly. Mushure mokunge mazai achangobva, anochochonya kupa mhodzi. Muchikamu chino vanopedza mazuva avo vachidya uye vachikora uye vachichinja kuita mhashu dzine mavara. Kana dzatova mhashu, ivo vanogadzira bhegi rakaoma rekudzivirira rinovatenderedza uye ivo vanopinda muchikamu che chrysalis. Chekupedzisira, ivo vanobuda vachigadzira akanaka akura mapepuru anounza kuyemurwa kwavo kwemavara pateni mune nhema, orenji uye imwe chena.
Nguva yenguva imwe neimwe yeaya matanho inoenderana nezvinhu zvishoma. Izvi zvinhu zvinonyanya kupisa uye nenguva yegore mavari. Izvo zvinowanzo kuve zvakareba kupfuura nguva ndezve izvo zvechizvarwa chinotama. Izvo zvakagadzirwawo neakajairika chizvarwa zita Methuselah. Aya mapuruguru anokwanisa kurarama kusvika pamwedzi mipfumbamwe, izvo zvinovatendera kuti vakwanise kuita rwendo rwekutenderera rwendo rwekutama.
Chikafu uye kudzivirira monarch butterfly
Aya mabhatafurayi anozvarwa pane yakavhurika nzvimbo zvisikwa. Kazhinji idzi nzvimbo masango ehuswa kana minda uko kune huwandu hwakawanda hwemukaka. Aya mukaka masosi ndiyo yekutanga chikafu chavo kana ivo vari muchikamu chekutanga chekukura. Mushure mokunge mazai achangobva uye kuumbwa kwawo, maruva anodya pane yeganda uye nemiti yemukaka mavakaberekerwa.
Kana vava vanhu vakuru vanodya pamhando dzakasiyana dzemaruva ane nekita. Iyi nectar ndiyo sosi yayo yesimba yekukwanisa kuita uku kutama. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nekita ine huwandu hwakawanda hweshuga, mafuta nezvimwe zvinhu zvinovaka muviri. Iyo yekufambisa nzira inoitwa kuburikidza nenzvimbo kwavanogona kuwana yakawanda yakawanda maruva ane nekita. Munguva yehusiku hwechando munguva yechando vanokwanisa kuunganidza mafuta akakwana zvekuti havadi kudya. Nekudaro, ivo vanofanirwa kunwa mvura. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei panogona kunge paine huwandu hukuru hwemonarch butterflies munzvimbo dzavanogona kupihwa nemvura.
Nezve dziviriro yezvipembenene izvi, takawana yavo pendi maratidziro. Iyi pateni pateni inoshanda seyambiro kune zvikara kuti imhuka dzine chepfu. Kana mhuka yemhuka yakanyanyisa kuratidza, inowanzoyambira zvikara zvehuturu hwayo. Aya mavara ari kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma senzira yekushanduka-shanduka yemarudzi mazhinji. Mavara ane ruzha senge yero, orenji, uye dema zvinosanganiswa nezvikara zvine huturu uye zvinonaka zvisina kunaka.
Iyi yekudzivirira michina inowanikwa panguva yayo yemaruva. Ivo vanozadzisa izvi nekutenda pakudyiswa kweAsclepias, inova zvirimwa zvine huturu hwakanyanya. Kunyangwe kupenda uku kuchivadzivirira kubva kuzvikara zvakawanda, hazvivatadzise kudyiwa nedzimwe mhuka dzisina huturu uhwu. Mune izvi zvimwe zvezvipuka zve monarch butterfly isu tine tigrillo gobvu-bhiri, mamwe marudzi eshiri akadai semakarenda uye dzimwe mbeva dzinogona kutsungirira mihomba mikuru yehuturu. Makarenda akadzidza ku kudya chete chikamu chechipfuva nemudumbu kwavanenge vaine hutachiona hwakaderera. Idzi zvakare inzira dzekugadzirisa kune nharaunda nyowani.
Vanofamba sei
Chekupedzisira, aya mapururufuru ezuva ndiwo iwo protagonists echiitiko chekutama chinokonzera kuyemurwa kutenderera pasirese. Ivo vanokwanisa kufamba zviuru zvemamaira kutiza chando chinotonhora kuchamhembe kweUnited States nekumaodzanyemba kweCanada. Vazhinji vevagari vemapururufuru aya ari muRocky Mountains.
Chikonzero chikuru chekutama kugona kudzivirira kutonhora kwechando. Icho chiitiko chechiitiko chinounza tarisiro huru kunyangwe hazvo hwakawanda hwemapururu ayo akaita rwendo gore rapfuura akafa. Saka zvizvarwa zvitsva neimwe nzira vanoziva nzira. Izvi ndizvo zvinoita kuti kutama uku kunakidze.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve monarch butterfly.