Munhu akagadzira mapoka akasiyana-siyana ekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzechisikigo. Neiyi nzira, zvinogoneka kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye nzvimbo dzekugara kuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Pakati pezvikamu zvekudzivirira tine zvimwe misiyano pakati penatural park neNational park. Idzi hurumende dzekudzivirira dzinowanzovhiringidzika nehuwandu hwevanhu.
Nechikonzero ichi, tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti misiyano mikuru pakati pepaki chaiyo nepaki yenyika ndeipi.
Chii chinonzi national park
Pfungwa yepaki yenyika inobatanidzwa ne nharaunda, ingave yepasi kana yemvura, inochengetedzwa nenzira yakakosha kunatsiridza kuchengetedzwa kwayo nekuda kwekupfuma kwayo mumaruva nemhuka. Kudzivirirwa uku kunoreva zvimwe zvirambidzo, sekutadza kuvaka munzvimbo idzi, uye kusaita zviitiko zvinokuvadza nharaunda, kana semuenzaniso, vashanyi vashoma, vanogona kupinda mukati kwenguva yakati uye vanofanirwa kunge vari mukati. iyo yakakosha mota yavanogoneswa, kwete mumotokari yavo yega.
Saizvozvowo, Mapaki emunyika ane kukosha kwesainzi kwakakosha kuwedzera kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza. Kazhinji, zvinoreva kuvapo kwemarudzi echivanhu akajairwa munzvimbo iyi, kuitira kuti kufarira kwesainzi, kunyanya kufarira kwebhayoloji, kuri kukurudzirawo kuchengetedza nzvimbo pasina kushandura ecosystem zvakanyanya sezvinobvira uye nekuremekedza mamiriro ayo akakwana. Chekupedzisira, sezvinoratidzwa nezita rayo, humwe hunhu hwemapaki enyika ndewekuti manejimendi anowanzo kuitwa nehurumende yenyika, hurumende yenyika, nekudaro zita.
Chii chinonzi paki yepanyama
Sezvakaita mapaki enyika, Mapaki echisikigo inzvimbo dzinofanirwa kugamuchira kurapwa kwakakosha kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzakataurwa nekuda kwenzvimbo dzadzo dzakakosha dzemaruva nemhuka. Mupfungwa iyi, iwowo matanho ekudzivirira atotaurwa kana akanyanya kufanana matanho anotariswa.
Zvisinei, kusiyana nemamiriro ezvinhu ari mumapaka enyika, mapaki emhuka esango kazhinji kazhinji haana marudzi emo ari pachena akadaro aripo. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe iri nzvimbo ine hupfumi hwakawanda hwepanyama, hazvina kukosha zvakanyanya kubva pakuona kwesainzi, sezvo mhando dzinogona kuwanikwa munharaunda yayo dziripowo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenzvimbo kana mapaki.
Pakupedzisira, chimwe chinhu chinowanzoita chisarudzo pakusiyanisa mapaki emusikirwo kubva kumapaki enyika ndechokuti mapaki echisikigo anowanzo tungamirirwa nehurumende dzenharaunda kana dzematunhu. Ndiko kuti, ivo havatsamiri zvakananga kuhurumende dzenyika, asi kune hurumende dzematunhu mavari. MuSpain, semuenzaniso, mapaki echisikigo anoenderana nekutonga munharaunda dzinozvitonga.
Musiyano pakati penatural park neNational park
Mapaki emunyika anovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwemarudzi agara aripo, nekuda kwezvirambidzo zvinokosha zviri mazviri, uye kuzvisiya kunogona kuguma nefaindi. Zvirambidzo ndezvizvi
- Zvinorambidzwa kuvaka nekuvaka mukati.
- Kupinda kunorambidzwa kubvumira chete network yayo yemigwagwa uye nzira dzakasiyana.
- Zviitwa zvinokuvadza nharaunda zvinorambidzwa: kuvhima, kubatidza mabhoni...
- Hapana zvinhu zverudzi rwupi zvarwo zvinogona kuunganidzwa kunze kwezvikonzero zvesainzi.
- Nhamba shoma yevashanyi panguva yakatarwa inogona kungoitwa mumotokari netsoka iyo yavanogoneswa.
Izvo zvinorambidzwa mumapaki ezvisikwa ndezvinotevera:
- Zvivakwa zvemhando ipi zvayo zvinorambidzwa. Kufanana nehotera yakakurumbira isiri pamutemo muCabo de Gata.
- Chero chiitiko chinokanganisa zvakatipoteredza chinorambidzwa.
- Havana simba kana kurambidzwa nzira uye iwe unogona kushanyira zvese zvaunoda uchiremekedza zvakatipoteredza.
- Mune dzimwe unogona kudzika musasa
- Mukati maunogona kuita akawanda akasiyana mabasa: kufamba, nzendo dzekumaruwa, kutasva bhiza, kukwira makomo.
- Zvinoitwa nevanhu zvinovakanganisa kupfuura mapaki enyika.
- Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kubata hove kunobvira pane dzimwe nguva dzegore, kunyange zvazvo kuredza kwakaganhurirwa.
Mimwe misiyano
Sezvataona, mapaki enyika ane dziviriro huru kupfuura mapaki emusikirwo, uye mapaki anoshuma zvakananga kuvakuru venyika kwete vematunhu kuti vatarisire mapaki. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nomumwe musiyano unokosha uripo pakati pemapaki emarudzi nemapaki emusikirwo, kureva kuti ekare ane marudzi anogara aripo uye asingawaniki kune imwe nzvimbo kana kuti mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda, nokudaro zvichida ngwariro chaiyo.
Nekudaro, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha, zvinofarirwa nenzvimbo dzakadzivirirwa ndezvekuti, kunyangwe isiri iyo yakajairika, fomula inogona kuwanikwa yekubatanidza mapaki emunyika nemapaki echisikigo.
Doñana National Park
Mumwe wemienzaniso yakanakisa yeiyi iripo muSpain, kunyanya munharaunda inozvimiririra yeAndalusia. Doñana inzvimbo yakakosha kwezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwemachakwi ayo uye hukuru hukuru hwemhando dzakasiyana dzemaruva nemhuka dzinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo ino. Izvi zvakakonzera kusikwa kwepaki yekutanga muna 1969. paki yenyika inotsamira zvakananga kuhurumende yenyika.
Zvisinei, muna 1989, nzvimbo yokutanga yepaki yakawedzerwa, sezvo nzvimbo yakabatana nayo inewo zvakakosha zvakakosha zvakatipoteredza. Mukuwedzera, iyi nzvimbo itsva yakawedzerwa muna 1997, ikava imwe yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzezvakatipoteredza paIberian Peninsula.
Nenzira iyi, Doñana parizvino ine paki yenyika, iyo inobata pakati uye nzvimbo dzinonyanya kukosha dzepaki, uye imwe nzvimbo yakadzivirirwa inotenderera kumativi ose, kuenderera mberi kwepaki yenyika, asi munyaya iyi, inzvimbo yepaki yepasiki. Nenzira iyi, tine muenzaniso wekuti mhando mbiri idzi dzinogona sei kugara pamwe chete, chokwadi, dzinozadzisa mabasa akasiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ega ega.
Dzimwe hurumende dzekudzivirira
Pamusoro pekuchengetedza uku kwakakosha, kune mamwe masekete anotsanangura nzvimbo dzakasiyana, dzakadai se:
- nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa yegungwa. Dzimwe nguva inhengo dzakakosha dzemapaki echisikigo kana epasirese, asi nzvimbo dzakananga dzemahombekombe dzinogona kuchengetedzwa nekuda kwekuwanda kwadzo (mhuka nemiti) kana nekuda kwekusiyana kweiyo ecosystem.
- Natural reserve. Nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mhuka dzinogara dziri diki pane mapaki ane kupatsanurwa kwakafanana uye anotarisisa nzvimbo dzakati dzehukoshi hwepamusoro dzinonyanya kutambudzika kune chero kupindira kwevanhu.
- Natural monuments uye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Mune ese ari maviri, iwo akanyatso uye akaganhurirwa maumbirwo kana nzvimbo, kubva mumapako ane zvinoshamisa stalactites kune marongero uye nzvimbo dzemadziva anomira pachena nekusiyana kwawo.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pemisiyano pakati pepaki yechisikigo nepaki yenyika.