Magetsi seti yezviitiko zvemuviri zvinobva pakuvapo nekuyerera kwechaji dzemagetsi. Magetsi ndiwo mugumisiro wekuumbwa kwenyaya uye, kunyanya, kuvapo kwema electrons: subatomic particles ine magetsi emagetsi, anowanzonzi negative charge. Isu tinowanzo taura nezve magetsi emagetsi semagetsi, kunyange zvazvo asina kunyatsofanana.
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvose zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pesimba remagetsi chete, maitiro ayo uye kukosha.
chii chinonzi simba remagetsi
Simba remagetsi isimba rinogadzirwa nekufamba kwemaerekitironi akanaka uye asina kunaka mukati mezvimwe zvinhu. Izvi zvinhu zvinofanirwa kuve conductive kuita maitiro nemazvo, senge waya dzemhangura.
Rwendo rwesimba kuburikidza nezvinhu zvinofambisa zvinogadzira izvo zvatinoziva semagetsi emagetsi, magetsi, chiitiko chiri chikamu chehupenyu hwedu uye kunyange chiripo mumasikirwo.
Nhoroondo yesimba remagetsi
Nhoroondo yesimba remagetsi yakanyorwa kubva pamberi paKristu kuitira kuti nhasi tigone kunakidzwa nekuvhenekera kwenzvimbo uye kushanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi kana midziyo. Zvisinei, kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX nerechiXNUMX apo zvinhu zvokutanga zvakatanga kuoneka.
Izvi zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nemavara akasiyana aunofanira kunge wakaverenga nezvawo, senge Alessandro Walter, Charles-Augustine de Coulomb kana Andre-Marie Ampere.
Zana remakore rechiXNUMX raive rakakosha padanho remagariro nesainzi kubva pakatanga tsvakiridzo pamusoro pezvakanakira simba iri. Muzana ramakore rechi XNUMX, magetsi akasvika mudzimba, pamwe chete nemimwe yemidziyo inoshanda nawo, zvakadai seredhiyo kana kuti nhare.
Magetsi sesimba rinodzokororwa
Magetsi imhando yesimba rinowanikwazve iro, chokwadi, rinowanikwa zvakasununguka mune zvakasikwa. Muenzaniso wazvo Iwo madutu emagetsi, meteorological phenomena inoburitsa kubuda kwemagetsi.
Mamwe marudzi emagetsi anovandudzwa, akadai semhepo kana hydro, anoshandiswa chaizvo kugadzira magetsi, saka zvakare tinoona kukosha kwemagetsi mune zvinogadziriswa.
Kana tikashandisa simba rakawanda uye rinovandudzwa, tichakwanisa kutarisira pasi uye kupa mabasa ekutanga kumamiriyoni evanhu kuburikidza nesimba iri rakachena. Pasina kupokana, uku kuzvipira kunofanirwa kutorwa nemasangano ane hunyanzvi uye masangano enyika imwe neimwe, kunyanya kana maSDGs achizoitwa.
Zvakanakira simba remagetsi
Kuuya kwemagetsi kwakaunza zvikomborero zvakawanda zvakakosha, izvo zvatinogovera pazasi:
Kuvandudza kwetekinoroji
Magetsi ndiyo injini yebudiriro zhinji dzetekinoroji nesainzi dzakaitika mumazana emakore achangopfuura. Muchokwadi, mazhinji ezvigadzirwa izvi zvichiri kushandiswa nhasi, saka Vakava chikamu chinokosha chehupenyu hwedu.
Kuberekwa kwenhau
Nzira huru yekukurukurirana yakazvarwawo kubva kumagetsi, iyo nhasi zvinhu zvose zvinoumba midziyo inodiwa kutepfenyura zvatinofarira TV neredhiyo zvirongwa.
Zvakare, nekuda kwemagetsi anhasi, tine midziyo iyi mudzimba dzedu uye tinoishandisa panguva yedu yekutandara.
Kusvika kwechiedza chekugadzira
Nekuda kwesimba remagetsi ranhasi, tine magirobhu anoshanda uye mwenje mudzimba dzedu, mahofisi, zvikoro uye mwenje weruzhinji. Pasina kupokana, iyi ndiyo imwe yemabhenefiti makuru emagetsi atinofarira muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.
Nyore kutakura
Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi emagetsi emagetsi, magetsi anogona kutumirwa nyore nyore kuburikidza netambo. Zvakare, tambo idzi dzinogona kuita chero zvadzinoda, kuitira kuti vakwanise kudya zviuru zvevanhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Low cost
Zvichienderana nenyika yaunogara, mari yekuve nesevhisi yemagetsi inogona kuve yakaderera, saka kuwanikwa kwayo ndeimwe yezvakanakira kwayo.
payakaipira
Magetsi, pamwe nemamwe marudzi esimba, anewo zvipingamupinyi zvinogona kutokuvadza hupenyu hwevanhu:
- Panguva yekutadza kwemagetsi sekudzima kwemagetsi kunogona kuitika, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa huwandu hwevanhu munzvimbo yakapihwa.
- Magetsi anogadzira mashura emagetsi uye anogona kukonzera kupisa kana kutonyanya kuipa, serufu, nekusangana kwevanhu.
- Zvinodhura kugadzira. Kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwayo kunogona kuva kwakachipa (zvichienderana nenharaunda yako), kugadzira magetsi kunoreva mari yakawanda.
Pasinei nekukanganisa uku uye nengozi iyo simba remagetsi rinogona kukonzera, ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa uye akagadziridzwa magetsi emagetsi nhasi nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kune zvikamu zvose.
Mhando dzesimba remagetsi
Mune simba iri, tinogona kusiyanisa pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi kana marudzi emagetsi emagetsi:
- Static magetsi: Zvinoitika kana zvinhu zviviri zvakachajiswa zvisina kwazvakarerekera zvasangana, kureva kuti, maatomu avo ane nhamba imwechete yechaji yakanaka (protons) sechaji isina kunaka (negative). Nekuparadzanisa zvinhu izvi, vanogona kuwana kana kurasikirwa nemhosva dzisina kunaka (electrons). Uku kusaenzana mukugovera kwechaji ndiko kunogadzira iyo electrostatic munda.
- Dynamic: zvinoreva kuti kune nguva dzose kuyerera kwemaerekitironi nekuda kwechigarire chitubu chemagetsi.
- Electromagnetism: Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzemagetsi, umo masaisai emagetsi nemagineti anofamba nemuchadenga nekumhanya kwechiedza.
Heino mimwe mienzaniso yekushandiswa kwesimba remagetsi:
- Mwenje mumadhorobha: Magetsi anotibvumira kuvheneka mumadhorobha edu. Uine izvozvo mupfungwa, unogona kunge uchinetseka kuti ungachengetedza sei simba kumba.
- Rechargeable mabhatiri- Aya mabhatiri anowanzo kuwanikwa mumidziyo yakaita senharembozha kana malaptop, uye kana apera anofanirwa kubatanidzwa kune mains magetsi ekuchaja.
- Kupisa magetsi: Aya mabasa anobatsirwa nemagetsi ekupikisa masisitimu, ayo asina kusvibisa zvishoma pane ekudziya masisitimu anoshandisa zvinhu zvinopisa, asi anoda akawanda magetsi.
- Mheni: Mheni muenzaniso wechisikigo chizvarwa chesimba remagetsi.
- Midziyo yakabatidzwa: Chero mudziyo unoda kubatirwa kuti ubatanidze kune network yemagetsi; washing machines, terevhizheni, microwaves, nezvimwe.
Ndinotarisira kuti nemashoko aya unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pesimba remagetsi, maitiro ayo uye marudzi.