Nyika yedu ndeyomuchadenga uye inogara ichitenderera zuva. Kune marudzi akasiyana e kufamba kwenyika uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chine mugumisiro wakasiyana paupenyu. Tine mafambiro ekutenderera, kushandura, precession uye nutation. Aya mafambiro mana ndiwo akanyanya kukosha panyika yedu.
Nechikonzero ichi, isu tichakumikidza chinyorwa ichi kuti tikuudze kuti ndeapi mafambiro makuru ePasi, maitiro avo uye kukosha kwawo.
Kufamba kwepasi
Kutenderera
Iri ndiro danho rine mukurumbira pamwe chete neshanduro. Nekudaro, panofanira kunge paine zvimwe zvakakosha zvausingazive. Asi zvakanaka nekuti tichavatarisa. Tinotanga nekutsanangura kuti sangano iri chii. Ndiko kutenderera kwenyika kumavirira kana kumabvazuva paasisi yayo pachayo. Inonzi inopesana newachi. Nyika inotora avhareji yemaawa makumi maviri nematatu, maminitsi makumi mashanu nematanhatu nemasekonzi mana kutenderera kamwe chete.
Sezvauri kuona, kune siku nesikati nekuda kwekutenderera uku. Izvi zvinoitika nekuti zuva rinenge rakamira uye rinovheneka chete divi reNyika rakatarisana naro. Kana zvisina kudaro kuchava nerima, huchava usiku. Mhedzisiro yacho inogonawo kuonekwa mukati mezuva, ramba uchitarisa kune mimvuri mushure mekushanda. Tinogona kunzwisisa kuti kufamba kweNyika kunoita sei kuti mimvuri ionekwe kune dzimwe nzvimbo.
Imwe mhedzisiro yekufamba kwakakosha uku ndiko kusikwa kweMagineti ePasi. Tinotenda kune iyi magnetic field, tinogona kuva nehupenyu paPasi uye tichizvidzivirira kubva kumhepo yezuva. Inobvumirawo kuvepo kwehupenyu mumhepo uye hupenyu paNyika.
Kana tikafunga zvinoitika panzvimbo imwe neimwe pasi pano, kumhanya kwayo kunosiyana munzira dzose. Kana tikayera kukurumidza kubva kuequator kana kubva pamatanda, zvinenge zvakasiyana. MuEcuador, inofanirwa kufamba kuenda kure kuti pivot uye ichafamba pa1600 km/h. Kana tikasarudza poindi pa45 degrees north latitude, tinogona kuiona ichitenderera pa1073 km/h.
Dudziro
Isu tinotendeukira kune kuongororwa kwechipiri chakanyanya kuoma kufamba kwePasi. Kufamba kwepasi kunosanganisira kutenderera kwaro kutenderera zuva. Iyi orbit inotsanangura kufamba kwe elliptical kunoriswededza pedyo nezuva mune dzimwe nguva uye kunoribvisa mune dzimwe.
Kunofungidzirwa kuti kunopisa mumwedzi yechirimo nekuti nyika iri pedyo nezuva uye iri kure munguva yechando. Funga kuti dai taiva kure, kupisa kushoma kwaizosvika kwatiri pane dai taiva pedyo. Zvisinei, zvakasiyana ndezvechokwadi. Muchirimo tiri kure nezuva kupfuura muchando. Mamiriro ekuchinja kwemwaka Hakusi kureba kwepasi kubva kuzuva, asi kurerekera kwemwaranzi yezuva. Munguva yechando, miranzi yezuva inorova pasi redu zvakanyanya, uye muzhizha zvakanyanya kudzika. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei kune maawa akawanda ekupisa kwezuva uye kuwedzera kupisa muzhizha.
Pasi rinotora mazuva 365, maawa mashanu, 5 maminetsi uye 48 masekondi kuita shanduko yakakwana paaxis yayo yekushandura. Saka tine gore rekusvetuka makore mana oga oga, nerimwe zuva muna Kukadzi. Izvi zvinoitirwa kugadzirisa purogiramu uye kuichengeta inoenderana nguva dzose.
Kutenderera kweNyika kutenderera zuva kune denderedzwa remakiromita 938 miriyoni uye chinhambwe chinokwana 150 miriyoni yemakiromita. Tiri kufamba pa107.280 km/h. Pasinei nekumhanya, hatizvikoshese nekuda kwesimba rinokwevera zvinhu pasi.
Aphelion uye perihelion
Nzira yepasi redu iri pamberi pezuva inonzi ecliptic uye inoyambuka equator mukutanga kwechirimo nemumatsutso. Anonzi equinoxes. pachinzvimbo ichimasikati nousiku zvakafanana. Nechekure kure kubva kune ecliptic tinowana mazhizha ezhizha nechando. Panguva idzi nekufamba kwenguva, mazuva akareba uye husiku hupfupi (zhizha solstice), uye husiku hurefu uye mazuva mapfupi (yechando solstice). Panguva iyi, mwaranzi yezuva inowira yakatwasuka pane imwe yehemispheres, zvichiita kuti riwedzere kupisa. Saka kunyange chiri chando kuchamhembe kwehemisphere, chirimo kumaodzanyemba kwehemisphere, uye zvakasiyana.
Dudziro yePasi paZuva ine imwe nguva inonzi aphelion, inoitika muna Chikunguru. Pane kudaro, nzvimbo yePasi yepedyo kuZuva ndeye perihelion, inoitika muna Ndira.
Mamwe mafambiro ePasi
Kufambisa kwekutanga
Uku kushanduka kunononoka uye zvishoma nezvishoma munzira yeakisi yeNyika yekutenderera. Kufamba uku, kunonzi precession of the Earth, kunokonzerwa ne torque inoshandiswa ne Earth-Sun system. Kufamba uku kunobata zvakananga kurereka kwemwaranzi yezuva ichisvika paPasi. Parizvino, kurerekera kweakisi iyi i23,43 madhigirii.
Izvi zvinotiudza kuti axis yePasi pakutenderera haiwanzonongedza nyeredzi imwe chete ( pole), asi kuti inotenderera ichienda newachi, zvichiita kuti Nyika ifambe mukufamba kwakafanana nekwepamusoro. Kutenderera kwakazara kweiyo axis yekutangira kunotora makore angangoita 25.700 uye nekudaro haioneki pachiyero chemunhu. Zvisinei, kana tikaiyera munguva yejoloji, tinogona kuona kuti ine kuwirirana kwakasimba nenguva dzechando.
Nutation kufamba
Uku ndiko kufamba kukuru kwekupedzisira kwepasi redu. Uku kufamba kudiki uye kusingaite kunoitika muaxis yekutenderera yezvinhu zvese zvakaenzanirana zvinotenderera neaxis yazvo senge gyroscopes.
Kana tikaongorora Nyika, iyi nutation movement ndiyo periodic oscillation ye axis of rotation yakapoteredza nzvimbo yaro inorehwa padenderedzwa redenga. Kufamba uku kunoitika nekuda kwesimba rinoitwa negiravhiti reNyika uye simba rinokwezva riri pakati peMwedzi, Zuva neNyika. Uku kuzunguzika kudiki kweakisi yePasi kunoitika nekuda kwekuputika kweequatorial uye kukweva kweMwedzi. Nguva yekudyara ndeye 18,6 makore.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve mafambiro ePasi uye maitiro ayo.