Kana tichisarudza zvifambiso kubva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe, tinofanirwa kufunga nezvekushandisa mafuta, chisi kumhepo, mutengo wemafuta, kureba kwenzendo, nezvimwe. Nenzira iyi tinogona kusarudza kuti ndedzipi nzira dzekufambisa dzinonyanya kushanda.
Muchiitiko ichi, tichaita chidzidzo chidiki uye ongororo yekuti ndedzipi nzira dzekutakura dzinoshanda zvakanyanya uye dzisingasvibise nzendo pakati pemaguta eEurope. Iwe unoda kuziva here kuti ndeipi yakanyanya kunaka?
Kutakura
MuEurope, inogadzirwa chete mu1% yehuwandu hwegreenhouse gasi inoburitswa neChikamu Chekutakura. Iyi data inotorwa kubva kuEco-innovation Laboratory mune yekutanga mushumo iyo yaakaburitsa pane zvinoitika mukufamba. Chirevo chakaburitswa pamwe nekubatana kweFerrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Alstom, Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona ne Railgrup uye inopa «ongororo yekukosha kwe eco-hunyanzvi hwemamiriro azvino eichi chikamu chekufamba.
Uye zvakare, iro gwaro rinoratidza maitiro akasiyana uye chaiwo makesi nezve makambani anoratidza kuti sei eco-hunyanzvi hunopa kudzikisira kwe greenhouse gasi choutsi, ndidzo dzinokonzeresa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Isu tine zvakare kuchengetedza muzvinhu zvakagadzirwa uye simba, tichiwedzera kukosha kwezvinhu zvisingaoneki izvo musika unokoshesa uye izano rakanaka rinopa purofiti kumakambani.
Ndedzipi nzira dzekutakura dzinonyanya kushanda?
Mushure mekudzidza uye kuongorora ese akasiyana akataurwa pamusoro, mushumo unovimbisa kuti njanji yekufambisa ndiyo inonyanya kushanda sisitimu yekutakura yepasi uye kunyangwe kupfuura yegungwa. Kuti vasvike pamhedziso iyi, vafunga nezve CO2 emissions ne tonne inotakurwa. Sezvandambotaura, njanji dzinotakura dzinosvika isingasviki 1% yehuwandu hwegreenhouse gasi inoburitswa muchikamu chekutakura. Chii chimwe, chikamu ichi chakazvipira kudzikisa chaburitsa chayo ne50% zvichienzaniswa nemitengo ya1990.
Chinangwa chakanyanya kusimba icho chikamu chekutakura chainacho ndechekuti panosvika 2050, inotarisirwa kuve nemamiriro ekusarerekera mune kabhoni. Spain ine njanji network yeanopfuura 15.200 makiromita. Pakati peizvi, zviuru zviviri nemakumi maviri nezviviri ndezvemitsetse yepamhanyisa (Spain ine yechitatu pakakwirira-kumhanya network pasi) Indasitiri yechitima cheSpanish inotengesa kune dzimwe nyika dzinopfuura makumi masere. Zvinopfuura makumi mashanu kubva muzana zvezvinhu zvinotumirwa kunze kwenyika zveSpanish zvidiki uye zviri pakati nepakati makambani (maSMM) zvakagadzirirwa nyika dzeEuropean Union.
Isu tinofanirwa zvakare kufunga kuti parizvino metro yepasi rese inogamuchira vanopfuura mamirioni zana vafambi pazuva. Kuita fungidziro yekuti, na100, 2050% yevagari vepasi rose vachange vachigara mumaguta, isu tinofanirwa kufunga kuti kutakura njanji kuchave chinhu chakakosha munharaunda.
Zvinetso zvekufambisa njanji
Chirevo nezve eco-hunyanzvi mafambiro ekufamba njanji anoratidza matatu makuru matambudziko ayo chikamu chekutakura chichafanirwa kukunda. Yekutanga, iko kufamba kwezvitima, inofarira kusimudzira kubva, nekuda kwekudzikira kwayo gasi inokanganisa gasi, inogona kuve chinhu chakakosha. Yechipiri ndeye digitization, yakasanganiswa kufamba uye mushandisi ruzivo, nekuti kukwira kweruzivo matekinoroji Ichashandura nzira yatinoenda nayo mukufamba. Uye chechitatu kugadzira zvitima nezvivakwa zvinogara zvakaomarara kuti zvisarasikirwa nemakwikwi mumisika inopesana nezvinhu zvisingadzoreke.
Kuvandudza njanji yekufambisa kunoreva kupa zvirinani kuenda pasuo nesuo zviitiko zvekufamba kune vashandisi vayo, kugadzirisa kukosha kwakasiyana kana uchienzaniswa nedzimwe mhando dzekutakura. Iyo ndiyo inokurumidza modal mhinduro panzira dzeEuropean pakati pemaguta, 12% nekukurumidza kupfuura ndege uye ne25% kuderera CO choutsi2, kunyangwe dambudziko hombe iko kuparara kukuru kuripo munhandare yepasi rose.